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Methods
Methods

... environmental processes studied through metagenomic techniques. • Metagenomics enables us to study microorganisms by examining DNA that is extracted directly from communities of environmental microorganisms ...
2D Barcode Quiz
2D Barcode Quiz

... The Taq polymerase used in PCR was originally isolated from a bacterium called Thermus aquaticus The replication of template DNA during PCR occurs in an exponential manner A contig is a collection of copied sequences which represent overlapping regions of a particular chromosome Bioinformatics is th ...
How many phosphate bonds are required to build a protein with 50
How many phosphate bonds are required to build a protein with 50

... is the function of amino acyl RNA synthetase? What In recombinant DNA technology what is the name of a carrier of DNA? In the Sanger DNA sequencing method what is incorporated to undergo chain terminations? Name a change that occurs for the chromosome as a result of transposition? Name the enzyme na ...
Microbial Biotechnology
Microbial Biotechnology

... Microbial Diagnostics Combating Bioterrorism • The use of biological materials as weapons to harm humans or animals and plants we depend on for food • Examples in History • Throwing plague infected dead bodies over the walls of their ...
The E. coli genome. - life.illinois.edu.
The E. coli genome. - life.illinois.edu.

... Venter and others have continued to push the envelope of bacterial genome sequencing, most prominently by doing metagenomics, in which genomic DNA is extracted from environmentally collected samples, e.g. ocean water or a mine dump or human skin, without trying to culture bacteria, and sequenced ext ...


... Biology Professor Awarded Grant to Purchase Ion Proton DNA Sequencer for ECU GREENVILLE, N.C. (April 10, 2014) — Dr. Edmund Stellwag, director of the East Carolina University Genomics Core Facility and Biotechnology Education Program and associate professor of biology, has received a North Carolina ...
Introductory Biological Sequence Analysis Through Spreadsheets
Introductory Biological Sequence Analysis Through Spreadsheets

... structure of DNA, RNA, and proteins are sequences of letters -- 4 letters in the case of DNA (ATGC) and RNA (AUGC) and 20 letters representing the sequence of amino acids which makes up a protein  Secondary and Tertiary structures (bending, folding and twisting) of structures determines function -- ...
research description
research description

... such gene exchange, probably because the strong selective advantage they confer greatly increases the genes' chances of being fixed in a population. Using a variety of bioinformatic approaches we identify laterally transferred genes and study their evolution. We also investigate why some gene functi ...
Using bioinformatics for better understanding of genes amplify
Using bioinformatics for better understanding of genes amplify

... How this project using DOGMA will help me teaching my genetics course The next time I teach the part of genomes and proteomes in my genetics course, in the explanation of comparative genomics, I can show similarities between different genomes and introduce them the evolutionary relationships betwee ...
Dangerous Ideas and Forbidden Knowledge: Quiz 2 Review Outline
Dangerous Ideas and Forbidden Knowledge: Quiz 2 Review Outline

... a) Individuals 2 and 3 share a more recent common ancestor that individuals 1 and 2 b) There are fewer differences between the DNA sequences of individual 1 and individual 4 than there are between individual 1 and individual 2. c) Individual 1 is more highly evolved than individual 3. d) All of thes ...
Chapter 19 - Microbiology and Molecular Genetics at Oklahoma
Chapter 19 - Microbiology and Molecular Genetics at Oklahoma

... – Useful for differentiating very similar organisms – Hybridization values 70% or higher suggest strains belong to the same species – Values of at least 25% suggest same genus ...
Document
Document

... ...
Introduction to Next-Generation Sequence analysis
Introduction to Next-Generation Sequence analysis

... the formation of egg and sperm (meiosis) – When egg and sperm fuse during fertilization, genes from mother and father become a new gene pair ...
P5: 5` AAT GAT ACG GCG ACC ACC GA 3` P7: 5` CAA GCA GAA
P5: 5` AAT GAT ACG GCG ACC ACC GA 3` P7: 5` CAA GCA GAA

... Libraries which begin with a linker, barcode, or other “non-random” sequence will not perform well unless they are basebalanced. This is particularly important on the MiSeq which has only 1 lane. If your sample has the same sequence in the first 6 positions, then we must add a balancer DNA, e.g. Phi ...
This examination paper consists of 4 pages
This examination paper consists of 4 pages

... Can hold large pieces of chromosomal DNA Are rodent cell lines Are produced by irradiation with UV light Have been used in mapping the yeast genome ...
Brian Shirey
Brian Shirey

... Denitrifying bacteria have a tremendous impact on the biosphere  Our biosphere is fueled by an underlying microbial world  The global community and the microbial community are eternally linked  Bacterial community as a window into past, present, and future ...
Panel Topics
Panel Topics

... genetic (SNP, CNV, somatic mutation) and clinical information.  How can expression (phenotype) and genotype information be integrated?  What kind of new information can be derived from the integration?  How can clinical information (treatment, survival, pathology) be utilized? ...
10 YEARS OF MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES IN ACTION
10 YEARS OF MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES IN ACTION

... Kalntremtziou, M.: Metagenomic analysis of microorganisms and molecular characterization of lignocellulose-degrading genes from Mediterranean soil habitats Discussion: Welcome Reception ...
Genética Molecular em Medicina Transfusional
Genética Molecular em Medicina Transfusional

... • Quick, highly redundant – requires 7-9X coverage for sequencing reads of 500-750bp. This means that for the Human Genome of 3 billion bp, 21-27 billion bases need to be sequence to provide adequate fragment overlap. • Computationally intensive • Troubles with repetitive DNA • Original strategy of ...
Lab Quiz 4 Key
Lab Quiz 4 Key

... [small ring of DNA found in bacteria that is separate from the main chromosome and that carry accessory genes (e.g., genes for antibiotic resistance and metabolic pathways)] ...
Paradigm Shifts in Biomedical Research
Paradigm Shifts in Biomedical Research

... Twirl stick You are spooling DNA! ...
Analytical methods to identify genes for complex traits in Genome
Analytical methods to identify genes for complex traits in Genome

... Current methods for GWA studies look for the association of simple DNA variants (eg, SNPs) with a complex trait of interest reducing the complexity of the approach to “n” simple univariate tests, with “n” equal to the total number of DNA variants under scrutiny. In this case, analyzing the genetic b ...
Macroevolution
Macroevolution

... There is growing evidence that duplication of fewer genes in organisms has been a major contributor to morphological diversity. – Polyploidy can result from either genome duplication in one species or from hybridization of two different species. ...
Whole genome sequencing - Center for Biological Sequence Analysis
Whole genome sequencing - Center for Biological Sequence Analysis

... – DNA fingerprint (RAPD, AFLP, ERIC, MLVA) – DNA sequencing (MLST, spa, dru, full genome) ...
Natural Selection on the Olfactory Receptor Gene Family in
Natural Selection on the Olfactory Receptor Gene Family in

... Human have more than 1000 OR genes, and about 40% have intact (non-mutated) coding region : functional  68 to 72% for apes  Comparing the variations at the OR genes with at intergenic region (a stretch of DNA sequences located between clusters of genes that contain few or no genes) ...
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Metagenomics



Metagenomics is the study of genetic material recovered directly from environmental samples. The broad field may also be referred to as environmental genomics, ecogenomics or community genomics. While traditional microbiology and microbial genome sequencing and genomics rely upon cultivated clonal cultures, early environmental gene sequencing cloned specific genes (often the 16S rRNA gene) to produce a profile of diversity in a natural sample. Such work revealed that the vast majority of microbial biodiversity had been missed by cultivation-based methods. Recent studies use either ""shotgun"" or PCR directed sequencing to get largely unbiased samples of all genes from all the members of the sampled communities. Because of its ability to reveal the previously hidden diversity of microscopic life, metagenomics offers a powerful lens for viewing the microbial world that has the potential to revolutionize understanding of the entire living world. As the price of DNA sequencing continues to fall, metagenomics now allows microbial ecology to be investigated at a much greater scale and detail than before.
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