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What are genetic disorders?
What are genetic disorders?

... • An absent or faulty gene is replaced by a normal, working gene • The body can then make the correct protein, usually an enzyme it needs. • This eliminates or lessens the disorder ...
Molecular biology
Molecular biology

... biochemistry and biophysics • Biochemistry – study of chemical substances and their vital processes in living organisms • Genetics – study of the effect of genetic differences in organisms • Molecular biology – study of molecular emphasizing the process of replication, transcription and translation ...
RESTRICTION ENZYMES
RESTRICTION ENZYMES

... engineering? RE’s that generate sticky ends or ones that produce blunt cuts? ...
Mutation
Mutation

... Only mutations in the sex cells (male sperm or female eggs) will be passed on to the offspring (child). A mutation in a stomach cell or liver cell will not be passed on to the child. Mutations can be caused by: cells being exposed to too much radiation, (such as x rays or ultraviolet rays from the ...
Genetics EOC Review
Genetics EOC Review

... 1. Gregor Mendel2. Trait3. _______________ - the pair of genes that make up a trait. (____________ from mom, and _____________ from dad) 4. ________________ - what the trait looks like ...
The nucleus contains an information-rich
The nucleus contains an information-rich

... Please SCAN documents properly and upload them to Archie. Avoid taking photographs of or uploading dark, washed out, side ways, or upside down homework. Please use the scanner in the school’s media lab if one is not at your disposal and keep completed guides organized in your binder to use as study ...
CS691K Bioinformatics Kulp Lecture Notes #0 Molecular
CS691K Bioinformatics Kulp Lecture Notes #0 Molecular

Fluorescent dye, SYBR Green, is incorporated into PCR reaction
Fluorescent dye, SYBR Green, is incorporated into PCR reaction

... • Probably ~ 1 MB or more in humans • Need very many families to get closer than this in human, or very large populations ...
Study Guide for LS
Study Guide for LS

... called genes. ● Most genetic disorders, such as Cystic Fibrosis, are due to a recessive gene. ● Sickle cell anemia could be caused by a change in the order of the bases in a person’s DNA. ● A normal human cell has 46 chromosomes; whereas a human sex cell has only 23 chromosomes. ● Genes are found on ...
I. Multiple Choice: choose one best answer (2.5 points each, 80 points)
I. Multiple Choice: choose one best answer (2.5 points each, 80 points)

How Does DNA Determine the Traits of an Organism
How Does DNA Determine the Traits of an Organism

... CUA ...
Genetic Disorders in Culture and Art
Genetic Disorders in Culture and Art

A Perspective on Human Genetics
A Perspective on Human Genetics

... • New technologies permit the identification of and determination of function of all 25,000 human genes (Human Genome Project) • Genes associated with hundreds of genetic diseases have been cloned and used to develop genetics tests and new treatments • In vitro fertilization and genetic testing help ...
cDNA cloning, expression and chromosomal localization of the
cDNA cloning, expression and chromosomal localization of the

... be necessary for protein-protein interaction (Eklund et al. 1991). Fourth, the Trx12 sequence is flanked by a 15 bp direct repeat (with only one mismatch) that is believed to play a role in the insertion of the sequence into the genome (Vanin 1985). Fifth, the promoter regions described for human T ...
Sections 3 and 4 ANSWERS
Sections 3 and 4 ANSWERS

Assembling and Annotating the Draft Human Genome
Assembling and Annotating the Draft Human Genome

... • Pseudogenes confound HMM and homology based gene prediction. • Processed pseudogenes can be identified by: – Lack of introns (but ~20% of real genes lack introns) – Not being the best place in genome an mRNA aligns (be careful not to filter out real paralogs) – Being inserted from another chromoso ...
Title goes here
Title goes here

... • If GenBank record says nothing about gene B annotation protocol, the annotation must be correct • If GenBank record says the gene was manually annotated, the annotation must be correct • If GenBank record says gene B was manually annotated, and it has a bi-directional best BLAST hit to gene A with ...
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overview

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Recombination is the principal source of variation in asexually
Recombination is the principal source of variation in asexually

... 44. Microsatellites (also known as Simple Sequence Repeats) are based on mutations involving single base substitutions of A for G or C for G. a) T b) F 45. Mutations are so weird that they are not particularly useful for genetic analysis. a) T b) F 46. Consider a gene in rice and a gene in corn that ...
WEBQUEST – DNA and Protein Synthesis
WEBQUEST – DNA and Protein Synthesis

... 7. a. The RNA polymerase makes a copy of the LUC gene in what form? _____________ b. Once transcription is complete, where does the mRNA go next? _________________ 8. What is the cell’s protein-making machine? _________________ 9. What is the being make through the string of amino acids? ___________ ...
Answers-to-examination-in-Gene-technology_20121020
Answers-to-examination-in-Gene-technology_20121020

... Change in the DNA sequence that do not cause any change in the amino acid sequence. e) A palindromic sequence: CTTTGA change to 5’-CTATAG-3’ or 5’-TTATAA-5 3’-GATATC-5’ 3’-AATATT-3’ f) The advantage is the possibility to regulate the transcription of the gene. If the gene product is toxic and harmfu ...
slides - Botany
slides - Botany

... percent of cases percent of cases wherewhere diploidsdiploids have higherhave rateshigher rates ...
TECHNICAL NOTE 4.1
TECHNICAL NOTE 4.1

... structure, a round ball that is filled with various particles (called organelles), and a smaller ball, somewhere in the middle, called the nucleus. The nucleus houses all of the “programming code” for the organism. The code for our observable characteristics (phenotype) such as hair and eye color, f ...
Genetic Control of Metabolism
Genetic Control of Metabolism

... • New strains are also produced by bacteria taking up DNA fragments from their environment. • Scientists try to produce new strains of useful bacteria by culturing existing strains together in conditions where horizontal transfer of DNA is most likely to occur. ...
Chapt24 slides - Workforce3One
Chapt24 slides - Workforce3One

... • Shared a common ancestor 450 million years ago • Some genes common were conserved and many are unique to both • 97% of human genome is repetitive DNA but less than 1/6 of Fugu sequence has repetitive DNA ...
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Genome editing

Genome editing, or genome editing with engineered nucleases (GEEN) is a type of genetic engineering in which DNA is inserted, replaced, or removed from a genome using artificially engineered nucleases, or ""molecular scissors."" The nucleases create specific double-stranded break (DSBs) at desired locations in the genome, and harness the cell’s endogenous mechanisms to repair the induced break by natural processes of homologous recombination (HR) and nonhomologous end-joining (NHEJ). There are currently four families of engineered nucleases being used: Zinc finger nucleases (ZFNs), Transcription Activator-Like Effector Nucleases (TALENs), the CRISPR/Cas system, and engineered meganuclease re-engineered homing endonucleases.It is commonly practiced in genetic analysis that in order to understand the function of a gene or a protein function one interferes with it in a sequence-specific way and monitors its effects on the organism. However, in some organisms it is difficult or impossible to perform site-specific mutagenesis, and therefore more indirect methods have to be used, such as silencing the gene of interest by short RNA interference (siRNA) . Yet gene disruption by siRNA can be variable and incomplete. Genome editing with nucleases such as ZFN is different from siRNA in that the engineered nuclease is able to modify DNA-binding specificity and therefore can in principle cut any targeted position in the genome, and introduce modification of the endogenous sequences for genes that are impossible to specifically target by conventional RNAi. Furthermore, the specificity of ZFNs and TALENs are enhanced as two ZFNs are required in the recognition of their portion of the target and subsequently direct to the neighboring sequences.It was chosen by Nature Methods as the 2011 Method of the Year.
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