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Doc - PJM.com
Doc - PJM.com

IXA-500CMA - Fire Alarm Resources
IXA-500CMA - Fire Alarm Resources

... (mini module) provide an initiating zone suitable for contact devices such as pull stations, waterflow switches and sprinkler supervisory devices. Each module reports an input from any contact device in its zone as a single address to the AUTOCALL TFX series systems. Each contact monitor module uses ...
ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺑﻧﮭﺎ ﮐﻟﯾﺔ اﻟﮭﻧدﺳﺔ ﺑﺑﻧﮭﺎ ﻗﺳم اﻟﮭﻧدﺳﺔ اﻟﮐﮭرﺑﯾ
ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺑﻧﮭﺎ ﮐﻟﯾﺔ اﻟﮭﻧدﺳﺔ ﺑﺑﻧﮭﺎ ﻗﺳم اﻟﮭﻧدﺳﺔ اﻟﮐﮭرﺑﯾ

... Q1b. Figure Q1b shows a simplified firing circuit which may be used to drive a single phase D.C. converter. It has some disadvantages, which? Explain the operation of this circuit, and what do you suggest to overcome its disadvantages? Remember that, S1 and S2 are Square waves. Question-2 (15 marks) ...
Kirchhoff`s Laws - Edvantage Science
Kirchhoff`s Laws - Edvantage Science

... A parallel circuit contains more than one pathway or branch for the electrons travel through as they make their way through the circuit. The current first splits at junction point C, to travel through one of 3 branches and then rejoins at junction point D. There is a conservation of electrons going ...
lecture7
lecture7

... Is the system given by y[n]  x[-n] causal or not? If n  0 , e.g n  4, y[4]  x[-4]. This says that at n  4, the output y[n] depend on past value of x[n]. However n  0, e.g n  -3, y[-3]  x[-(-3)], y[-3]  x[3], i.e. the output y[n] depends on future value of input x[ 3]. System is not causal. ...
Series Circuits
Series Circuits

... A series circuit is a circuit where there is only one path from the source through all of the loads and back to the source. This means that all of the current in the circuit must flow through all of the loads. One example of a series circuit is a string of old Christmas lights. There is only one pat ...
Retrofit for Siemens GIS Type 8D1 / 8D2
Retrofit for Siemens GIS Type 8D1 / 8D2

... breaker with a new, modern and low maintenance required self-compression 8DN8-circuit breaker with spring operating mechanism. Especially the SF6 – double pressure circuit breaker used at the beginning of the introduction to the market require very high maintenance. On the other hand, remaining GIS- ...
CLMMI00N31 - Touchscreen MMI Product Data
CLMMI00N31 - Touchscreen MMI Product Data

... If the operating voltage exceeds 27 Vac, a controlled leakage current to earth ground will protect the device against electrical damage. In this situation, if earth fault monitors have been installed, these will give alarm. If voltage peaks of more than 24 Vac + 10% (= 26.4 Vac) cannot be reliably e ...
Course outline - Hibbing Community College
Course outline - Hibbing Community College

... The student will attend class regularly, participate in class discussion, complete assignments and team design projects, and take a comprehensive final examination. The student will spend sufficient time to complete all assignments. ...
Real Time Simulation for Time-Varying Harmonic Distortion Analysis
Real Time Simulation for Time-Varying Harmonic Distortion Analysis

... 18.4 Conclusions and Future Work A novel power quality assessment method was proposed. The method is applied in the RT-HIL platform to test an industry firing board. The successful initial test results show that the tested board can tolerate highly distorted voltages, significant sudden frequency ch ...
Battery, Light Bulbs, and Wires
Battery, Light Bulbs, and Wires

PowerPoint-presentation
PowerPoint-presentation

... 4-pole (transformers)+..+10-pole vacuum tubes) ...
FB2202B Digital Output with Position Feedback
FB2202B Digital Output with Position Feedback

... The device can be used to switch solenoids, sounders, or indicators (without line fault detection) in the field. Furthermore, the device accepts digital input signals of NAMUR sensors or mechanical contacts from the field. ...
RAD750 System Flight Computer
RAD750 System Flight Computer

... Commercial processors, even with redundancy, have issues and exposures that far outweigh their benefits when compared to the RAD750 solution ...
Doubly-Fed Induction Generator Wind Turbine Model for Fault Ride-Through Investigation Yutana Chongjarearn
Doubly-Fed Induction Generator Wind Turbine Model for Fault Ride-Through Investigation Yutana Chongjarearn

... pu while in case 2 (no crowbar and DC chopper protection) the converter could be damaged. For DC link voltage, it can be increased until capacitor broken if no DC chopper. Therefore, as part of FRT capability of the DFIG, the crowbar is used to protect the converter while DC chopper helps the system ...
file - RAMPF Gruppe
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FB2201B Digital Output with Position Feedback
FB2201B Digital Output with Position Feedback

Recap
Recap

Series/Parallel Lab for Write Up ( 1 of the 4)
Series/Parallel Lab for Write Up ( 1 of the 4)

Hysteresis Brake and Clutch user`s manual.
Hysteresis Brake and Clutch user`s manual.

... Because Magtrol Hysteresis Brakes and Clutches rely purely on magnetic action working through an air gap to develop torque, there are no active components in contact and virtually no wear except for the normal wear of shaft bearings. Therefore, other than occasional bearing replacements, there is no ...
384-hole Heater
384-hole Heater

... Minco uses a proprietary trimming method for the thin, flexible heater to achieve a tight hole-to-hole tolerance. This allows for almost perfect registration of the 384-hole heater to the PCR sample block. The net effect is that the reaction process can be viewed without any infringement by the heat ...
Part 2
Part 2

High Voltage Batteries
High Voltage Batteries

Standard LED Exit Sign
Standard LED Exit Sign

920RAI Leaflet
920RAI Leaflet

... equipment range, NT920 Rudder Angle Indicators may be configured for 'add on' use with all Navitron Autopilot models or as components of an entirely independent Rudder lndicator system. Whether operating directly from an Autopilot or as an independent system, single or multi head installation is per ...
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Fault tolerance



Fault tolerance is the property that enables a system to continue operating properly in the event of the failure of (or one or more faults within) some of its components. If its operating quality decreases at all, the decrease is proportional to the severity of the failure, as compared to a naively designed system in which even a small failure can cause total breakdown. Fault tolerance is particularly sought after in high-availability or life-critical systems.A fault-tolerant design enables a system to continue its intended operation, possibly at a reduced level, rather than failing completely, when some part of the system fails. The term is most commonly used to describe computer systems designed to continue more or less fully operational with, perhaps, a reduction in throughput or an increase in response time in the event of some partial failure. That is, the system as a whole is not stopped due to problems either in the hardware or the software. An example in another field is a motor vehicle designed so it will continue to be drivable if one of the tires is punctured. A structure is able to retain its integrity in the presence of damage due to causes such as fatigue, corrosion, manufacturing flaws, or impact.Within the scope of an individual system, fault tolerance can be achieved by anticipating exceptional conditions and building the system to cope with them, and, in general, aiming for self-stabilization so that the system converges towards an error-free state. However, if the consequences of a system failure are catastrophic, or the cost of making it sufficiently reliable is very high, a better solution may be to use some form of duplication. In any case, if the consequence of a system failure is so catastrophic, the system must be able to use reversion to fall back to a safe mode. This is similar to roll-back recovery but can be a human action if humans are present in the loop.
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