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Nucleotide sequence of the genomic RNA of pepper mild mottle
Nucleotide sequence of the genomic RNA of pepper mild mottle

... eDNA synthesis and cloning, cDNA was prepared as described by Gubler & Hoffman (1983), using a commercial cDNA synthesis kit (Boehringer-Mannheim). PMMV-S RNA was 3' polyadenylated in vitro with Escherichia coti poly(A) polymerase (0-25 unit/~tg of RNA) for 7 min at 37 °C, under the conditions recom ...
Compounds of Living Things
Compounds of Living Things

... type of protein in a cell has its own special structure. This structure depends on the way the amino acid chains fold together. Think of folding a shirt while doing laundry. There are different ways to fold it. With proteins, the way one is folded affects its function in the body. There are only 20 ...
CHAPTER 3 THE CHEMISTRY OF ORGANIC MOLECULES
CHAPTER 3 THE CHEMISTRY OF ORGANIC MOLECULES

... the amino acids. Secondary structure contains α-helices and β-pleated sheets in place by hydrogen bonding between amino acids along the backbone of the polypeptide chain. The tertiary structure is the final folding of the polypeptide, which is held in place by interactions between R groups. Proteins ...
Biological Molecules
Biological Molecules

... or domains in proteins have distinct structures and function  Signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) protein example  Each domain of this protein is involved in a distinct biological function  Proteins that share one of these domains also share that function ...
Protein Kinases - School of Medicine
Protein Kinases - School of Medicine

... chicken virus, and this was the first oncogene to be described as such • c-Src, the normal homolog, is activated by PDGF and CSF receptors, which are in turn activated by their ligands and proteinphosphorylated • Src may be activated by transmembrane receptors that lack proteintyrosine kinase activi ...
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... B. Discovery of DNA structure 1. Many scientists worked to determine the source of heredity. Heredity is the passing of traits from parent to offspring. But how are those traits passed? a. First, scientists determined that chromosomes controlled heredity and are made of DNA and proteins. b. Then, sc ...
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macromolecules notes

... 4. The nucleotide adenosine triphosphate (ATP), helps in storing and transferring energy. Three Phosphate groups ...
Protein aggregation and amyloid fibril formation prediction software
Protein aggregation and amyloid fibril formation prediction software

... Proteins might aggregate into ordered or amorphous structures, utilizing relatively short sequence stretches, usually organized in b-sheet-like assemblies. Here, we attempt to list all available software, developed during the last decade or so, for the prediction of such aggregation-prone stretches ...
everything you need to know about protein - Bio
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... Everyone knows that protein is important for building and repairing muscle fibres after exercise, but proteins in the body have thousands of other essential roles, including: • Producing antibodies for the immune system • Manufacturing hormones and enzymes that are involved in most reactions in you ...
Innovative Purification Protocol for Heparin Binding
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... between several related structures while they perform their biological function, these functional rearrangements, these tertiary and quaternary structures are referred to as conformations and transition between them are called conformational changes [7, 14, 28]. The structure of proteins can be divi ...
National Exam
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... How  might  Phe1324  and  Ile1270  contribute  to  the  structure  and  function  of  the  Cas9  protein?  (2  pts)   These  sidechains  are  hydrophobic  in  nature  –  and  are  closely  packed  in  the  inside  of  a  sub-­‐domain ...
Chapter 5 Proteins - Liberty Public Schools
Chapter 5 Proteins - Liberty Public Schools

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... It is evident from this study and the few previous reports, that chronic exposure to UVR in sunlight can promote AGE formation. However, the functional implications of AGE accumulation, particularly in the epidermis, are still unclear. The dermis contains long-lived proteins that are thus more susce ...
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... generate a mixed disulfide after air oxidation. However, under such conditions unwanted symmetrical disulfides can form. In contrast, reagents that bear methanethiosulfonate (MTS),24,25 phenylthiosulfonate (PTS),26 or phenylselenenylsulfide (SeS),27 react rapidly and specifically with cysteine to pr ...
Probability-Based Scoring Function as a Software
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Gene regulation in physiological stress
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... is less well understood [6] but is an area of active interest in my lab due to the obvious need to suppress this energy-expensive activity in animals that exhibit stress-induced MRD [2]. More specific controls on individual genes or groups of genes are applied via the actions of gene-specific transc ...
Chapter 5 - Trimble County Schools
Chapter 5 - Trimble County Schools

... • Lipids are the one class of large biological molecules that do not form polymers • The unifying feature of lipids is having little or no affinity for water • Lipids are hydrophobic because they consist mostly of hydrocarbons, which form nonpolar covalent bonds • The most biologically important lip ...
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... membrane pumps chlorine out of the cell while a sodium/potassium ATP’ase transport protein pumps sodium out of the cell and potassium into the cell, creating a trans-membrane gradient of these important electrolytes; gradients that provide useful functions for the cell. Calcium ATP’ase transport pro ...
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...  Phospholipids have both polar and nonpolar sections. As a result, they are able to dissolve in both type of solvents as well.  They are important for living things because they form the borders of all cells (cell membranes) and also participate in forming many cell organelles. ...
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CS5238: Combinatorial Methods in Computation
CS5238: Combinatorial Methods in Computation

... neutral ...
BIOL562_Lecture_13
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... 13-2. Ribosome in protein synthesis. In E. coli, ribosome is assembled on mRNA at initiation codon w/translation initiation factor IF-3 (prevents premature dissociation); 3’ of 16S rRNA attached to ribosome binding site (Shine-Dalgarno sequence). ...
Membrane pore architecture of the CslF6
Membrane pore architecture of the CslF6

... Many plant cell wall polysaccharides such as (1-4)-b-glucan (cellulose) and (1-3,1-4)-b-glucan (also known as mixed linkage glucan or simply b-glucan), mannans, and xyloglucans are synthesized by large integral membrane proteins with a cytoplasmic active site and a membrane pore through which the po ...
Predicted function of the vaccinia virus G5R protein
Predicted function of the vaccinia virus G5R protein

... each protein associated with the intracellular mature virion using mass spectrometry were unable to detect G5R within the intracellular mature virion (Yoder et al., 2006; Chung et al., 2006). When we employed a hidden Markov model (HMM) comparison search tool (HHsearch) to screen for the functions o ...
Iron-Binding Activity of FutA1 Subunit of an ABC
Iron-Binding Activity of FutA1 Subunit of an ABC

... the solution containing deferrated rFutA1. A similar absorption band has been observed with the Fbp protein and attributed to the absorption by the coordinated Fe3+ atom (Nowalk et al. 1994). Based on these results, we attributed this band to the absorption by the iron associated with rFutA1. The ab ...
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Two-hybrid screening



Two-hybrid screening (also known as yeast two-hybrid system or Y2H) is a molecular biology technique used to discover protein–protein interactions (PPIs) and protein–DNA interactions by testing for physical interactions (such as binding) between two proteins or a single protein and a DNA molecule, respectively.The premise behind the test is the activation of downstream reporter gene(s) by the binding of a transcription factor onto an upstream activating sequence (UAS). For two-hybrid screening, the transcription factor is split into two separate fragments, called the binding domain (BD) and activating domain (AD). The BD is the domain responsible for binding to the UAS and the AD is the domain responsible for the activation of transcription. The Y2H is thus a protein-fragment complementation assay.
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