What roles do proteins (polypeptides) play? 1. Enzymes (catalysts) 2
... • 4 different groups bonded to Cα • These molecules cannot be superimposed (are mirror images of each other) • Therefore they are not identical, and are referred to as stereoisomers. • Using spectrographic instrumentation, the two configurations can be deciphered as either L or D based on how they r ...
... • 4 different groups bonded to Cα • These molecules cannot be superimposed (are mirror images of each other) • Therefore they are not identical, and are referred to as stereoisomers. • Using spectrographic instrumentation, the two configurations can be deciphered as either L or D based on how they r ...
IV RNA Synthesis: Transcription
... PCR is also used routinely in comparative or phylogenetic studies to amplify genes from various sources. In these cases the primers are made for regions of the gene that are conserved in sequence across a wide variety of organisms. Because 16S rRNA, a molecule used for phylogenetic analyses, has bot ...
... PCR is also used routinely in comparative or phylogenetic studies to amplify genes from various sources. In these cases the primers are made for regions of the gene that are conserved in sequence across a wide variety of organisms. Because 16S rRNA, a molecule used for phylogenetic analyses, has bot ...
Noncovalently Associated Complexes: Apomyoglobin and
... In general, picomoles or less of a protein complex are required for analysis by ESI/MS and analysis times using infusion for sample introduction are only a few minutes. The low-energy ESI process is well suited to study protein complexes because in many cases the energy associated with the ionic int ...
... In general, picomoles or less of a protein complex are required for analysis by ESI/MS and analysis times using infusion for sample introduction are only a few minutes. The low-energy ESI process is well suited to study protein complexes because in many cases the energy associated with the ionic int ...
A nuclear matrix-associated high molecular mass nuclear antigen
... decreased substantially at 1.5 and 2.5 hours after release from the aphidicolin block at the G1/S boundary, but then increased again and reached a high level at 4.5 hours (Fig. 2B). Flow cytometry on PI-stained cells indicated that the 1.5- and 2.5 hour points corresponded to mid S and late S/G2 pha ...
... decreased substantially at 1.5 and 2.5 hours after release from the aphidicolin block at the G1/S boundary, but then increased again and reached a high level at 4.5 hours (Fig. 2B). Flow cytometry on PI-stained cells indicated that the 1.5- and 2.5 hour points corresponded to mid S and late S/G2 pha ...
Organic Compounds Essential to Human Functioning
... phosphate-containing group at the head of the compound is polar and thereby hydrophilic. In other words, one end of the molecule can interact with oil, and the other end with water. This makes phospholipids ideal emulsi ers, compounds that help disperse fats in aqueous liquids, and enables them to i ...
... phosphate-containing group at the head of the compound is polar and thereby hydrophilic. In other words, one end of the molecule can interact with oil, and the other end with water. This makes phospholipids ideal emulsi ers, compounds that help disperse fats in aqueous liquids, and enables them to i ...
Comparison of Rumen Amino Acid Protection Technologies
... Glutamic acid Glutamine Glycine Proline Serine Tyrosine ...
... Glutamic acid Glutamine Glycine Proline Serine Tyrosine ...
The role of xylulokinase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae xylulose
... which is closer to the ratio observed for other yeasts. However, despite over-expressing xylulokinase, the growth rate on xylulose is still several fold lower than on glucose. In S. pombe for example, the doubling times on xylulose and glucose are 5 and 3 h, respectively [1]. This means that in S. c ...
... which is closer to the ratio observed for other yeasts. However, despite over-expressing xylulokinase, the growth rate on xylulose is still several fold lower than on glucose. In S. pombe for example, the doubling times on xylulose and glucose are 5 and 3 h, respectively [1]. This means that in S. c ...
The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules
... monomers are then absorbed into the bloodstream for distribution to all body cells. Those cells can then use dehydration reactions to assemble the monomers into new, different polymers that can perform specific functions required by the cell. ...
... monomers are then absorbed into the bloodstream for distribution to all body cells. Those cells can then use dehydration reactions to assemble the monomers into new, different polymers that can perform specific functions required by the cell. ...
molecular dynamics studies on mammalian apometallothioneins
... the understanding of apo-MT, it is not possible to study the metallation process of MT which is the key process involved in various functions of MT like metal transfer and heavy metal detoxification. The functional role of apo-MT is related to its structure. Considering the difficulty of spectroscop ...
... the understanding of apo-MT, it is not possible to study the metallation process of MT which is the key process involved in various functions of MT like metal transfer and heavy metal detoxification. The functional role of apo-MT is related to its structure. Considering the difficulty of spectroscop ...
Capabilities and limitations of gel electrophoresis for elemental
... Native gel electrophoresis is a widely used technique, in which the tertiary structure of the proteins is preserved. Hence, it is often applied if an enzyme has to retain its activity after separation. This is why it is a possible separation technique for metal–protein complexes, which would be dist ...
... Native gel electrophoresis is a widely used technique, in which the tertiary structure of the proteins is preserved. Hence, it is often applied if an enzyme has to retain its activity after separation. This is why it is a possible separation technique for metal–protein complexes, which would be dist ...
The About... - Plasma Protein Therapeutics Association
... In Europe, source plasma can be given at 27 IQPP-certified centers regulated by their appropriate national authorities. During this process, whole blood is separated into cellular and other components by using specialized equipment called a plasmapheresis device. This sterile, self-contained, automa ...
... In Europe, source plasma can be given at 27 IQPP-certified centers regulated by their appropriate national authorities. During this process, whole blood is separated into cellular and other components by using specialized equipment called a plasmapheresis device. This sterile, self-contained, automa ...
Lh6Ch18AAOxid
... carbamoyl phosphate and passed into the urea cycle 4. Amino acids are degraded to pyruvate, acetyl-CoA, αketoglutarate, succinyl-CoA, and/or oxaloacetate 5. Amino acids yielding acetyl-CoA are ketogenic. 6. Amino acids yielding other end products are glucogenic. 7. Genetic defects in amino degradati ...
... carbamoyl phosphate and passed into the urea cycle 4. Amino acids are degraded to pyruvate, acetyl-CoA, αketoglutarate, succinyl-CoA, and/or oxaloacetate 5. Amino acids yielding acetyl-CoA are ketogenic. 6. Amino acids yielding other end products are glucogenic. 7. Genetic defects in amino degradati ...
Overcoming stalled translation in human mitochondria
... in Janssen and Hayes, 2012) but the best characterized is transtranslation promoted by tmRNA (reviewed in Moore and Sauer, 2007). This system, present in all eubacteria utilizes a molecule that folds to present two very different domains. The 5 domain resembles a tRNA, which is recognized and amino ...
... in Janssen and Hayes, 2012) but the best characterized is transtranslation promoted by tmRNA (reviewed in Moore and Sauer, 2007). This system, present in all eubacteria utilizes a molecule that folds to present two very different domains. The 5 domain resembles a tRNA, which is recognized and amino ...
1 This exam consists of 5 pages and 15
... Protein purification – antibody binds to protein of interest, allowing its purification. Cell labeling – antibody is fluorescent and binds to a cell component, indicating its location Immune system – inactivates pathogens Cancer treatment – antibody carries toxin to a cancer cell Drug detoxification ...
... Protein purification – antibody binds to protein of interest, allowing its purification. Cell labeling – antibody is fluorescent and binds to a cell component, indicating its location Immune system – inactivates pathogens Cancer treatment – antibody carries toxin to a cancer cell Drug detoxification ...
Synthetic human prion protein octapeptide repeat binds to the
... after binding copper ions [8]. In any case, this part of the ...
... after binding copper ions [8]. In any case, this part of the ...
A tale of two functions: enzymatic activity and
... pETBlue-2 was used and the his-tag was placed on the C-terminus of the b-subunit. To construct the minioperon, the gene encoding the a-subunit of E. coli CT was amplified by PCR using pCZB2 (8) as template and primers CTa5 and CTa3 (Table 1), digested with NcoI and HindIII, and cloned into equivalent ...
... pETBlue-2 was used and the his-tag was placed on the C-terminus of the b-subunit. To construct the minioperon, the gene encoding the a-subunit of E. coli CT was amplified by PCR using pCZB2 (8) as template and primers CTa5 and CTa3 (Table 1), digested with NcoI and HindIII, and cloned into equivalent ...
Chapter 10 - Protein Synthesis: Transcription and Translation
... • RNA polymerase• adds RNA nucleotides complimentary to the DNA template strand • Transcription factors• proteins that recognize specific sequences in DNA when making mRNA and help RNA polymerase bind • ATPase• converts ATP to ADP and releases energy to do work ( used to bond tRNA to mRNA and GTPase ...
... • RNA polymerase• adds RNA nucleotides complimentary to the DNA template strand • Transcription factors• proteins that recognize specific sequences in DNA when making mRNA and help RNA polymerase bind • ATPase• converts ATP to ADP and releases energy to do work ( used to bond tRNA to mRNA and GTPase ...
Dehydrogenase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
... derived from the LPDl nucleotide sequence of S. cereuisiae, supports the conclusion that, in this organism, the lipoamide dehydrogenase N-terminal region represents a mitochondrial targeting sequence. The first 20 amino acids are rich in seryl, threonyl and basic residues, and show a complete absenc ...
... derived from the LPDl nucleotide sequence of S. cereuisiae, supports the conclusion that, in this organism, the lipoamide dehydrogenase N-terminal region represents a mitochondrial targeting sequence. The first 20 amino acids are rich in seryl, threonyl and basic residues, and show a complete absenc ...
Supplemental Material
... Construction of pSwtRlacZblueRz and pSwtRlacZwhiteRz plasmids: The -complementation of E. coli’s -gal activity was used as the basis for phage strain differentiation. The choice of the marker is based on a previous observation that the fulllength -gal still retains its activity while fused at t ...
... Construction of pSwtRlacZblueRz and pSwtRlacZwhiteRz plasmids: The -complementation of E. coli’s -gal activity was used as the basis for phage strain differentiation. The choice of the marker is based on a previous observation that the fulllength -gal still retains its activity while fused at t ...
Identification of a novel testis‐specific gene and its potential roles in
... other cell types. Most of these genes also exhibit stagespecific expression during spermatogenesis, which could be considered as spermatogenic cell type-specific since the occurrence of different spermatogenic cell types is also stage-specific during spermatogenesis. Therefore, the spermatogenic cel ...
... other cell types. Most of these genes also exhibit stagespecific expression during spermatogenesis, which could be considered as spermatogenic cell type-specific since the occurrence of different spermatogenic cell types is also stage-specific during spermatogenesis. Therefore, the spermatogenic cel ...
Functional characterisation and cell walll interactions of
... 182, 196). S-layers are composed of regularly arranged protein subunits of a single protein or glycoprotein, which form a 2-dimensional layer that completely covers the cell (197). S-layer proteins can represent 10 to 15 % of the total protein content of a bacterial cell (23). The molecular masses o ...
... 182, 196). S-layers are composed of regularly arranged protein subunits of a single protein or glycoprotein, which form a 2-dimensional layer that completely covers the cell (197). S-layer proteins can represent 10 to 15 % of the total protein content of a bacterial cell (23). The molecular masses o ...
Dehydrogenase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
... derived from the LPDl nucleotide sequence of S. cereuisiae, supports the conclusion that, in this organism, the lipoamide dehydrogenase N-terminal region represents a mitochondrial targeting sequence. The first 20 amino acids are rich in seryl, threonyl and basic residues, and show a complete absenc ...
... derived from the LPDl nucleotide sequence of S. cereuisiae, supports the conclusion that, in this organism, the lipoamide dehydrogenase N-terminal region represents a mitochondrial targeting sequence. The first 20 amino acids are rich in seryl, threonyl and basic residues, and show a complete absenc ...
Two-hybrid screening
Two-hybrid screening (also known as yeast two-hybrid system or Y2H) is a molecular biology technique used to discover protein–protein interactions (PPIs) and protein–DNA interactions by testing for physical interactions (such as binding) between two proteins or a single protein and a DNA molecule, respectively.The premise behind the test is the activation of downstream reporter gene(s) by the binding of a transcription factor onto an upstream activating sequence (UAS). For two-hybrid screening, the transcription factor is split into two separate fragments, called the binding domain (BD) and activating domain (AD). The BD is the domain responsible for binding to the UAS and the AD is the domain responsible for the activation of transcription. The Y2H is thus a protein-fragment complementation assay.