Nitrogen Cycle
... When the ammonia is converted back into inert nitrogen, the process is called as denitrification. Bacteria are involved in this process which takes place in anaerobic conditions. Places like deep soils and deep water are the places without oxygen. Pseudomonas and Clostridium are responsible ...
... When the ammonia is converted back into inert nitrogen, the process is called as denitrification. Bacteria are involved in this process which takes place in anaerobic conditions. Places like deep soils and deep water are the places without oxygen. Pseudomonas and Clostridium are responsible ...
Current understanding of fatty acid biosynthesis and the acyl carrier
... cis-3-decenoyl-ACP (Figure 4) [36,37]. Subsequently, the cis-3decenoyl group undergoes a condensation reaction with another malonyl-ACP group, yielding cis-5-dodecenoyl-ACP, since the two carbon groups are introduced closest to the carbonyl carbon (Figures 3 and 4). This reaction is catalysed by the ...
... cis-3-decenoyl-ACP (Figure 4) [36,37]. Subsequently, the cis-3decenoyl group undergoes a condensation reaction with another malonyl-ACP group, yielding cis-5-dodecenoyl-ACP, since the two carbon groups are introduced closest to the carbonyl carbon (Figures 3 and 4). This reaction is catalysed by the ...
Degradable heterobifunctional poly (ethylene glycol) acrylates and
... [0032] Where Z and W are as described above, T is a target, e.g., a protein or a drug, Which is linked to the PEG polymer as a result of the reaction betWeen the reactive moiety Q and a moiety on T, L is a covalent linkage formed in the reaction betWeen Q and a reactive group of T, and X is a number ...
... [0032] Where Z and W are as described above, T is a target, e.g., a protein or a drug, Which is linked to the PEG polymer as a result of the reaction betWeen the reactive moiety Q and a moiety on T, L is a covalent linkage formed in the reaction betWeen Q and a reactive group of T, and X is a number ...
Full-Text - Academic Journals
... A. O. Eni1, 2*, P. Lava Kumar3, R. Asiedu3, O. J. Alabi4, R. A. Naidu4, Jd'A. Hughes5 and M. E. C. Rey2 ...
... A. O. Eni1, 2*, P. Lava Kumar3, R. Asiedu3, O. J. Alabi4, R. A. Naidu4, Jd'A. Hughes5 and M. E. C. Rey2 ...
intolerance to lactose and other dietary sugars
... and galactose produced by lactose digestion, is certainly rare. Congenital alactasia is very rare indeed, although a cluster of cases has been reported in Finland, where this is one of the “Finnish recessive disorders”. Both are very severe conditions, which can be fatal if not diagnosed immediately ...
... and galactose produced by lactose digestion, is certainly rare. Congenital alactasia is very rare indeed, although a cluster of cases has been reported in Finland, where this is one of the “Finnish recessive disorders”. Both are very severe conditions, which can be fatal if not diagnosed immediately ...
Crystal structure of mouse coronavirus receptor
... whereas NTD binds to CEACAM1 in MHV or sugar in TGEV (9, 25). The sugar-binding domain has not yet been identified in the spike proteins of HCoV-OC43, BCoV, or IBV. The only atomic structures available for coronavirus S1 are C domains of HCoVNL63 and SARS-CoV, each complexed with their common recepto ...
... whereas NTD binds to CEACAM1 in MHV or sugar in TGEV (9, 25). The sugar-binding domain has not yet been identified in the spike proteins of HCoV-OC43, BCoV, or IBV. The only atomic structures available for coronavirus S1 are C domains of HCoVNL63 and SARS-CoV, each complexed with their common recepto ...
food produced from glyphosate tolerant sugar beet line 77
... GUS proteins. These proteins were detected at very low levels in root tissue of sugar beet line77 (58ppm and 0.5ppm for CP4 EPSPS and GUS respectively). They were also present at higher levels in leaf and stem tissue (237ppm and 3ppm for CP4-EPSPS and GUS respectively). Neither protein was detected ...
... GUS proteins. These proteins were detected at very low levels in root tissue of sugar beet line77 (58ppm and 0.5ppm for CP4 EPSPS and GUS respectively). They were also present at higher levels in leaf and stem tissue (237ppm and 3ppm for CP4-EPSPS and GUS respectively). Neither protein was detected ...
food produced from glyphosate
... GUS proteins. These proteins were detected at very low levels in root tissue of sugar beet line77 (58ppm and 0.5ppm for CP4 EPSPS and GUS respectively). They were also present at higher levels in leaf and stem tissue (237ppm and 3ppm for CP4-EPSPS and GUS respectively). Neither protein was detected ...
... GUS proteins. These proteins were detected at very low levels in root tissue of sugar beet line77 (58ppm and 0.5ppm for CP4 EPSPS and GUS respectively). They were also present at higher levels in leaf and stem tissue (237ppm and 3ppm for CP4-EPSPS and GUS respectively). Neither protein was detected ...
The Dihydropyridine-sensitive Calcium Channel of the Skeletal Muscle
... not sensitive to organic calcium channel blockers. The activation of the second, a L-type channel, leads to a large and long lasting conductance and inactivates slowly. This channel is blocked by organic calcium channel antagonists (Aimers et al. 1985). Adult skeletal muscle contains a third structu ...
... not sensitive to organic calcium channel blockers. The activation of the second, a L-type channel, leads to a large and long lasting conductance and inactivates slowly. This channel is blocked by organic calcium channel antagonists (Aimers et al. 1985). Adult skeletal muscle contains a third structu ...
AlgaVia® Whole Algae Ingredients
... Algae is typically labelled as “Whole Algae Flour” or “Whole Algal Flour.” (The term flour is a description of the ingredient’s appearance only, and the ingredient itself is not a grain, does not contain any gluten, and is not intended as a substitute for traditional wheat flours.) How are AlgaVia® ...
... Algae is typically labelled as “Whole Algae Flour” or “Whole Algal Flour.” (The term flour is a description of the ingredient’s appearance only, and the ingredient itself is not a grain, does not contain any gluten, and is not intended as a substitute for traditional wheat flours.) How are AlgaVia® ...
Sulfur Metabolism in Escherichia coli and Related Bacteria: Facts
... as well as molecules of reserve (or osmoprotectants, such as S-methylmethionine; Kocsis et al., 1998) or various types of sulfonates (Friedrich, 1998; Cook et al., 1999). It is also found in derivatives of secondary metabolism (in particular in garlic-related plants (Lim et al., 1998), where these s ...
... as well as molecules of reserve (or osmoprotectants, such as S-methylmethionine; Kocsis et al., 1998) or various types of sulfonates (Friedrich, 1998; Cook et al., 1999). It is also found in derivatives of secondary metabolism (in particular in garlic-related plants (Lim et al., 1998), where these s ...
Amino acid a
... – An object or a system cannot be superimposed on its mirror image. – One hand does not match the other when superimposed. ...
... – An object or a system cannot be superimposed on its mirror image. – One hand does not match the other when superimposed. ...
Evolution of Protein Structure - Theoretical and Computational
... remains an area of intense interest as, in addition to being a major constituent of the translation process, these proteins are also believed to contain vital information spanning the evolution of life from the ancient “RNA world” to the modern form of life. ...
... remains an area of intense interest as, in addition to being a major constituent of the translation process, these proteins are also believed to contain vital information spanning the evolution of life from the ancient “RNA world” to the modern form of life. ...
Phylogenetic and Conservational Analyses of Dengue Non
... The levels of conservation between the NS1 whole protein sequences of the four dengue serotypes and WNV or JEV were compared pair wise (Table 1). The level of conservation across the three flavivirus groups was approximately 50% (Table 1). The flavivirus groups, JEV and WNV, showed a conservation le ...
... The levels of conservation between the NS1 whole protein sequences of the four dengue serotypes and WNV or JEV were compared pair wise (Table 1). The level of conservation across the three flavivirus groups was approximately 50% (Table 1). The flavivirus groups, JEV and WNV, showed a conservation le ...
Gregory Moy - University of Pennsylvania
... The first step in the experiment was the determination of the solubility of ovalbumin. By taking a five-gram sample of ovalbumin and submersing it in 100mL of deionized water, microfuging, and dessicating for a week, the solubility was obtained. After the dessication process, the final sample was we ...
... The first step in the experiment was the determination of the solubility of ovalbumin. By taking a five-gram sample of ovalbumin and submersing it in 100mL of deionized water, microfuging, and dessicating for a week, the solubility was obtained. After the dessication process, the final sample was we ...
H 2 O 2
... protons are pumped across the membrane, but they re-enter the matrix using some other way than that represented by ATP synthase. The free energy derived from oxidation of substrates appears as heat.. There are four types of artificial or natural uncouplers: ...
... protons are pumped across the membrane, but they re-enter the matrix using some other way than that represented by ATP synthase. The free energy derived from oxidation of substrates appears as heat.. There are four types of artificial or natural uncouplers: ...
61 - Lab Times
... moter or by transfecting the cells with the phage lCE6, which produces T7 RNA polymerase. E. coli does not, however, express every recombinant gene as a soluble and functional protein. Some end up as clotted, unfeasible inclusion bodies inside the cell. Another shortcoming is its inability to perfor ...
... moter or by transfecting the cells with the phage lCE6, which produces T7 RNA polymerase. E. coli does not, however, express every recombinant gene as a soluble and functional protein. Some end up as clotted, unfeasible inclusion bodies inside the cell. Another shortcoming is its inability to perfor ...
TETHERING: Fragment-Based Drug Discovery
... TETHERING In general, the preceding three methods of fragment discovery rely on noncovalent interactions between the target protein and small-molecule ligands, requiring high ligand concentrations for detectable occupancy on the protein. In contrast, Tethering relies on reversible covalent bond form ...
... TETHERING In general, the preceding three methods of fragment discovery rely on noncovalent interactions between the target protein and small-molecule ligands, requiring high ligand concentrations for detectable occupancy on the protein. In contrast, Tethering relies on reversible covalent bond form ...
Assessment of the mathematical issues involved
... acid on protein synthesis is a difficult task. There is a large body of literature, which has recently been reviewed in [4], indicating that leucine flooding doses promote protein synthesis in vitro when other amino acids are plentiful. One should be cautious, however, when extrapolating from these ...
... acid on protein synthesis is a difficult task. There is a large body of literature, which has recently been reviewed in [4], indicating that leucine flooding doses promote protein synthesis in vitro when other amino acids are plentiful. One should be cautious, however, when extrapolating from these ...
Consortium for Educational Communication
... part and a non protein part. The protein part is called apoenzyme and the non protein part is called prosthetic group, coenzyme or cofactor. The complete enzyme including prosthetic group and or coenzyme or cofactor is called holoenzyme. Apopenzyme consists of one or more polypeptide chains of 10’s ...
... part and a non protein part. The protein part is called apoenzyme and the non protein part is called prosthetic group, coenzyme or cofactor. The complete enzyme including prosthetic group and or coenzyme or cofactor is called holoenzyme. Apopenzyme consists of one or more polypeptide chains of 10’s ...
enzymes - Yengage
... Enzymes: History En-zyme = in yeast In 1850s Louis Pasteur – “ferments” – fermentation of sugar into alcohol by yeast Urease – first enzyme to be isolated in crystalline form in 1926 Ribozymes ( made up of RNA) ...
... Enzymes: History En-zyme = in yeast In 1850s Louis Pasteur – “ferments” – fermentation of sugar into alcohol by yeast Urease – first enzyme to be isolated in crystalline form in 1926 Ribozymes ( made up of RNA) ...
Protein synthesis meets ABC ATPases: new roles for Rli1/ABCE1
... stop codons and catalyse the hydrolysis of the peptidyl-tRNA. RF3, a GTP-binding protein that is not essential in bacteria, does not participate in peptide release but, at the expense of GTP hydrolysis, promotes the dissociation of RF1 and RF2, thereby accelerating their turnover (Kisselev et al, 20 ...
... stop codons and catalyse the hydrolysis of the peptidyl-tRNA. RF3, a GTP-binding protein that is not essential in bacteria, does not participate in peptide release but, at the expense of GTP hydrolysis, promotes the dissociation of RF1 and RF2, thereby accelerating their turnover (Kisselev et al, 20 ...
Strain in Protein Structures as Viewed Through Nonrotameric Side
... tended to switch from a rotameric state to a nonrotameric state upon ligand binding, leading to an increase in protein internal energy. The induced nonrotameric states were not accompanied by increased hydrogen bonding or salt bridges, which could compensate for the elevated local strain. ...
... tended to switch from a rotameric state to a nonrotameric state upon ligand binding, leading to an increase in protein internal energy. The induced nonrotameric states were not accompanied by increased hydrogen bonding or salt bridges, which could compensate for the elevated local strain. ...
Western blot
The western blot (sometimes called the protein immunoblot) is a widely used analytical technique used to detect specific proteins in a sample of tissue homogenate or extract. It uses gel electrophoresis to separate native proteins by 3-D structure or denatured proteins by the length of the polypeptide. The proteins are then transferred to a membrane (typically nitrocellulose or PVDF), where they are stained with antibodies specific to the target protein. The gel electrophoresis step is included in western blot analysis to resolve the issue of the cross-reactivity of antibodies.There are many reagent companies that specialize in providing antibodies (both monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies) against tens of thousands of different proteins. Commercial antibodies can be expensive, although the unbound antibody can be reused between experiments. This method is used in the fields of molecular biology, immunogenetics and other molecular biology disciplines. A number of search engines, such as CiteAb, Antibodypedia, and SeekProducts, are available that can help researchers find suitable antibodies for use in western blotting.Other related techniques include dot blot analysis, immunohistochemistry and immunocytochemistry where antibodies are used to detect proteins in tissues and cells by immunostaining, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).The method originated in the laboratory of Harry Towbin at the Friedrich Miescher Institute. The name western blot was given to the technique by W. Neal Burnette and is a play on the name Southern blot, a technique for DNA detection developed earlier by Edwin Southern. Detection of RNA is termed northern blot and was developed by George Stark at Stanford.