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Fig. 1: Assessment and treatment of children presenting with abrupt
Fig. 1: Assessment and treatment of children presenting with abrupt

... * Consider switching or augmenting initial psychotropic medications * Consider antibiotic prophylaxis in consultation with a pediatrician * Consult with a child psychiatrist or neurologist or refer to the NIMH PANDAS study ...
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Multiple Sclerosis and non specific demyelination after treatment
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... Objective: Document clinical and radiological features of patients who developed a demyelinating disorder such as multiple sclerosis (MS) after the use of tumor necrosis factor alpha blockers (TNFα). Background: TNFα blockers (infliximab, etanercept, adalimumab, golimumab) are biologic drugs that sl ...
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Management of multiple sclerosis



Several therapies for multiple sclerosis (MS) exist, although there is no known cure. Multiple sclerosis is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating disease that affects the central nervous system (CNS).The most common initial course of the disease is the relapsing-remitting subtype, which is characterized by unpredictable attacks (relapses) followed by periods of relative remission with no new signs of disease activity. After some years, many of the people who have this subtype begin to experience neurologic decline without acute relapses. When this happens it is called secondary progressive multiple sclerosis. Other, less common, courses of the disease are the primary progressive (decline from the beginning without attacks) and the progressive-relapsing (steady neurologic decline and superimposed attacks). Different therapies are used for patients experiencing acute attacks, for patients who have the relapsing-remitting subtype, for patients who have the progressive subtypes, for patients without a diagnosis of MS who have a demyelinating event, and for managing the various consequences of MS.The primary aims of therapy are returning function after an attack, preventing new attacks, and preventing disability. As with any medical treatment, medications used in the management of MS may have several adverse effects, and many possible therapies are still under investigation. At the same time different alternative treatments are pursued by many patients, despite the paucity of supporting, comparable, replicated scientific study.This article focuses on therapies for standard MS; borderline forms of MS have particular treatments that are excluded.
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