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Extract from the Clinical Evaluation Report for Diemthyl Fumarate
Extract from the Clinical Evaluation Report for Diemthyl Fumarate

... predominantly affects young adults, causing plaques of demyelination. Plaques are most common in the white matter of the brain, spinal cord and optic nerves, but occasionally plaques affect the cerebral grey matter. The most common pattern of disease is that patients experience bouts of inflammation ...
Once versus twice daily budesonide metered
Once versus twice daily budesonide metered

... once daily compared to twice daily in patients with mild to moderate asthma found that once-daily budesonide regimen has a similar efficacy to a twice-daily regimen in doses up to 800␮g per day and the authors have suggested that once-daily regimen has potential advantages in terms of patient compli ...
Management of Acute Atrial Fibrillation and Atrial Flutter in
Management of Acute Atrial Fibrillation and Atrial Flutter in

... as a second line rate control agent when first line agents fail, usually in consultation with cardiology or EP. May be useful in patients with decompensated systolic heart failure. Also may be useful in situations when an accessory pathway is suspected. [Class IIa, LOE C] Second line rate control ag ...


... improved results regarding PMS/PMDD. Conclusions: Limited evidence supports the efficacy of alternative medicinal interventions such as acupuncture and herbal medicine in controlling premenstrual syndrome and premenstrual dysphoric disorder. Acupuncture and herbal medicine treatments for premenstrua ...
Bacterial Infections-
Bacterial Infections-

... potential TB, pending test results  PCP: evaluate if clinically indicated (PCP may coexist with bacterial pneumonia)  P aeruginosa: if CD4 ≤50 cells/µL, preexisting lung disease, neutropenia, on corticosteroids, recent hospitalization, or residence in a health care facility  S aureus: if recent i ...
Temporomandibular Joint Disorders
Temporomandibular Joint Disorders

... diseased joint) may also be performed. In general, arthroscopy is one of the recommended treatments for patients with a demonstrable intra-articular condition such as disc displacement (with or without reduction), who have had prior conservative treatment for a period of time without relief. In a Co ...
Idiopathic Rhinitis
Idiopathic Rhinitis

... controlled with avoidance measures and pharmacotherapy. It also is appropriate for those with symptoms lasting more than 1 season and documented allergen-specific IgE antibodies. Immunotherapy should be considered only in individuals who can comply with weekly injections for approximately 3 years. I ...
Vol 7 No. 2 - Indian Journal of Practical Pediatrics, Chennai
Vol 7 No. 2 - Indian Journal of Practical Pediatrics, Chennai

... Failing to comply with the requirement at the time of submission would lead to the rejection of the article. Author’s contribution / Authorship Criteria All persons designated as authors should qualify for the authorship. Authorship credit should be based on substantial contributions to i) concept a ...
Cutaneous Kaposi sarComa – Case report
Cutaneous Kaposi sarComa – Case report

... sarcoma of the skin. Typically, classic Kaposi sarcoma is observed in men from Sub-Saharan Africa, Eastern Europe or Middle Eastern descent. It is rare observed in North America and Northern Europe. Surgical biopsy is important in diagnosis of this neoplasm. Every patient with Kaposi sarcoma must ha ...
Psoriasis - Wright State Physicians
Psoriasis - Wright State Physicians

... eyes must be protected for one to two days with UVA­ absorbing glasses. Long­term treatment is associated with an increased risk of squamous­cell and, possibly, melanoma skin cancers. Simultaneous use of drugs that suppress the immune system, such as cyclosporine, have little beneficial effect and i ...
Salbutamol Guaifenesin
Salbutamol Guaifenesin

... little or no action on the ß1 adrenoceptors of the heart. The combination of salbutamol with guaifenesin is designed to relieve respiratory obstruction and improve pulmonary ventilation. Bronchodilators should not be the only or main treatment in patients with severe or unstable asthma. Severe asthm ...
Public Summary Document (PSD) July 2015 PBAC Meeting
Public Summary Document (PSD) July 2015 PBAC Meeting

... Clinical claim Ponatinib non-inferior in terms of comparative effectiveness to dasatinib and Ponatinib non-inferior in nilotinib. terms of comparative No specific claim in terms of comparative safety. effectiveness and inferior in terms of comparative safety PBAC Comment: [Paragraph 7.5 in November ...
Conjunctivitis - Review of Optometry
Conjunctivitis - Review of Optometry

... and is predominantly found in newborns born to mothers with gonorrhea or adults who have become infected through sexual contact. These patients usually require systemic and topical drug therapy and are probably best co-managed with a primary care physician. • Adult inclusion conjunctivitis. Another ...
T A J M
T A J M

... Most patients with symptoms of acute rhinosinusitis are treated with antibiotics. However, many cases of rhinosinusitis are secondary to viral infections and unlikely to benefit from antibiotic therapy. Inappropriate use of antibiotics in patients with acute nonbacterial rhinosinusitis contributes t ...
Reasons why some children receiving tacrolimus
Reasons why some children receiving tacrolimus

... agents at our institution, and this will probably also occur in other centers. In selected patients, Gomez et al. (19) has shown withdrawal of steroids after 1 yr on CsA monotherapy without azathioprine. Padbury et al. (20) reported the successful withdrawal of steroid in 93% of patients (n5168) 3 m ...
Mechanisms of heteroresistance to isoniazid and rifampin of Mycobacterium
Mechanisms of heteroresistance to isoniazid and rifampin of Mycobacterium

... ABSTRACT: Heteroresistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) is defined as the coexistence of susceptible and resistant organisms to anti-tuberculosis (TB) drugs in the same patient. Heteroresistance of MTB is considered a preliminary stage to full resistance. To date, no mechanism causing heteror ...
Protopic PRODUCT MONOGRAPH
Protopic PRODUCT MONOGRAPH

... intervals in patients with moderate to severe atopic dermatitis experiencing a high frequency of flares (i.e., occurring 5 or more times per year) who have had an initial response (i.e., lesions cleared, almost cleared or mildly affected) with up to 6 weeks of treatment with twice daily Protopic. Fo ...
- Iranian Journal of Neurology
- Iranian Journal of Neurology

... evaluating headaches happening during relapses and remissions of RRMS and depicting the characteristics of these headaches and their possible relationship with different MS attack variants and factors such as depression and disease modifying drugs (DMDs) at the same time are scarce. Thus, in this cu ...
Management Of Cold Haemolytic Syndrome
Management Of Cold Haemolytic Syndrome

... of four patients (Sokol et al, 1998), two showed strong positive findings for the Donath–Landsteiner antibody. One was positive only when papain-treated red blood cells were used; for the other, a two-stage procedure was required to obtain a positive result. This report emphasised that initial tests ...
Drug-induced myasthenic syndromes
Drug-induced myasthenic syndromes

... Presentation and course Drug-induced myasthenic syndromes are characterized by progressive, and typically symmetric, muscle weakness. The most common manifestations are those of autoimmune myasthenia gravis; ptosis, diplopia, dysphagia, and dysarthria as well as weakness of the limbs and respiratory ...
Romanian Journal of Oral Rehabilitation
Romanian Journal of Oral Rehabilitation

... Rehabilitation" will constitute a viable starting point for the establishment of the bridges between general and oral rehabilitation with profound implications in the integrative holistic approach of the patient. The Romanian Society of Oral Rehabilitation and the Romanian Society of General and Ora ...
Psychological e ects of living with rheumatoid arthritis
Psychological e ects of living with rheumatoid arthritis

... depression who were prescribed anti-tumour necrosis factor (anti-TNF) therapy had significantly smaller reductions in disease activity compared with patients without persistent depression who were given the same agents (Hider et al 2009). Complete time out activity 3 ...
Disorders of the Endocrine System: Anatomy, Physiology, and
Disorders of the Endocrine System: Anatomy, Physiology, and

... Receptors, the third component of the endocrine system, are protein molecules. Receptors bind with other molecules (such as hormones) to cause specific physiologic changes in target cells [1]. Negative and positive feedback The endocrine system depends on both negative and positive feedback for its ...
New York Mid and Low Back Injury Medical Treatment Guidelines©
New York Mid and Low Back Injury Medical Treatment Guidelines©

... Positive results are defined primarily as functional gains which can be objectively measured. Objective functional gains include, but are not limited to, positional tolerances, range of motion, strength, endurance, activities of daily living, cognition, psychological behavior, and efficiency/velocit ...
Chapter 4: Disorders of the Endocrine System: Anatomy, Physiology
Chapter 4: Disorders of the Endocrine System: Anatomy, Physiology

... Receptors, the third component of the endocrine system, are protein molecules. Receptors bind with other molecules (such as hormones) to cause specific physiologic changes in target cells [1]. Negative and positive feedback The endocrine system depends on both negative and positive feedback for its ...
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Management of multiple sclerosis



Several therapies for multiple sclerosis (MS) exist, although there is no known cure. Multiple sclerosis is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating disease that affects the central nervous system (CNS).The most common initial course of the disease is the relapsing-remitting subtype, which is characterized by unpredictable attacks (relapses) followed by periods of relative remission with no new signs of disease activity. After some years, many of the people who have this subtype begin to experience neurologic decline without acute relapses. When this happens it is called secondary progressive multiple sclerosis. Other, less common, courses of the disease are the primary progressive (decline from the beginning without attacks) and the progressive-relapsing (steady neurologic decline and superimposed attacks). Different therapies are used for patients experiencing acute attacks, for patients who have the relapsing-remitting subtype, for patients who have the progressive subtypes, for patients without a diagnosis of MS who have a demyelinating event, and for managing the various consequences of MS.The primary aims of therapy are returning function after an attack, preventing new attacks, and preventing disability. As with any medical treatment, medications used in the management of MS may have several adverse effects, and many possible therapies are still under investigation. At the same time different alternative treatments are pursued by many patients, despite the paucity of supporting, comparable, replicated scientific study.This article focuses on therapies for standard MS; borderline forms of MS have particular treatments that are excluded.
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