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New York Mid and Low Back Injury Medical Treatment Guidelines©
New York Mid and Low Back Injury Medical Treatment Guidelines©

... Positive results are defined primarily as functional gains which can be objectively measured. Objective functional gains include, but are not limited to, positional tolerances, range of motion, strength, endurance, activities of daily living, cognition, psychological behavior, and efficiency/velocit ...
Management of Patients with Histoplasmosis
Management of Patients with Histoplasmosis

... Clinical manifestations. Severity of illness and disease manifestations after primary inhalation exposure to H. capsulatum vary, depending on the intensity of exposure and the immunity of the host. Acute exposure causes a spectrum of disease ranging from asymptomatic infection to severe pneumonitis ...
Tinnitus Masking Retraining Therapy | Clinical Review
Tinnitus Masking Retraining Therapy | Clinical Review

... intermittently or constantly. The American Tinnitus Association estimates that 50 million Americans have some degree of tinnitus with about 16 million of those experiencing significant enough symptoms to seek medical care and 2 million of them suffering so much that it ultimately interrupts normal d ...
Patients with Suspected Herpes Simplex Encephalitis: Rethinking
Patients with Suspected Herpes Simplex Encephalitis: Rethinking

... courses consistent with HSE (table 1). For all 3 patients, the first CSF sample was obtained at the time of treatment initiation (table 2). It has been speculated that an increase in the HSV- ...
Migraines suck
Migraines suck

... – Severe sx treatment limited due to concomitant GI sx’s. ...
Nembutal® Sodium Solution
Nembutal® Sodium Solution

... symptoms, including delirium, convulsions, and possibly death. Barbiturates should be withdrawn gradually from any patient known to be taking excessive dosage over long periods of time. (See “Drug Abuse and Dependence” section.) 2. IV administration: Too rapid administration may cause respiratory de ...
COPD update - Faculty of Medicine
COPD update - Faculty of Medicine

...  The most common causes of COPD exacerbations are viral upper respiratory tract infections and infection of the tracheobronchial tree.  Diagnosis relies exclusively on the clinical presentation of the patient complaining of an acute change of symptoms that is beyond normal day-today variation. ...
MACULAR DEGENERATION AND OCULAR TUMOR TREATMENT
MACULAR DEGENERATION AND OCULAR TUMOR TREATMENT

... Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is caused by deterioration of retinal photoreceptors in the central portion of the retina. As AMD progresses, it develops into a "dry" form or a "wet" form. Wet AMD is characterized by the growth of new blood vessels across the posterior of the eye, a process k ...
Surgical treatment of constipation
Surgical treatment of constipation

... suffer from gastrointestinal symptoms which well correlate with the GIQLI score. Kamm et al. [23] reported long-term efficacy of surgical treatment for constipation of 50 percent. 1/3 of patients suffered from diarrhea and 10 percent from recurrent constipation. Bielecki and Kamiński [24] presented ...
Bijlage 1 - Steungroep ME en Arbeidsongeschiktheid
Bijlage 1 - Steungroep ME en Arbeidsongeschiktheid

... Biddle 1992 (Review notes UBOs on MRI scans suggestive of enlarged Virchow-Robin spaces, possibly due to infiltration by lymphocytes? This is interesting but not evidence). Kommentaar: There is strong evidence for persistent infection or damage from infection in the CNS but little direct evidence of ...
physiological correlates of childhood abuse
physiological correlates of childhood abuse

... found in the patient’s appraisal of events. Adult survivors of childhood abuse have been found to have cognitive distortions about the world (Briere & Elliot, 1994). The abuse experience may have altered their “internal working model,” causing them to perceive the world as a dangerous place. They ma ...
Assessing, managing and monitoring biologic therapies for
Assessing, managing and monitoring biologic therapies for

... Innovation in treatment regimens are progressing, not only in relation to the way biologic therapies are utilised. For example, the early use of non-biologic disease modifying drugs (DMARDs) as a first-line treatment for patients with rheumatoid arthritis, ideally within three months of the onset of ...
Psychological factors associated with skin
Psychological factors associated with skin

... with effective prescription medications, who will be capable of treating complicated conditions? Individuals with far more knowledge than me have given several explanations including high costs of developing new drugs, problems with manufacturing and the lack of profit in producing ge- ...
Functional Gastroduodenal Disorders
Functional Gastroduodenal Disorders

... symptomatic properties and with some relationship to putative pathophysiological mechanisms like delayed gastric emptying and presence of H pylori.15 Thus, the Rome II committee proposed a subdivision according to the predominant symptom being pain or discomfort, but this subdivision has also been c ...
International Clinical Recommendations on Scar Management
International Clinical Recommendations on Scar Management

... scars and keloids have been proven through extensive use, but few have been supported by prospective studies with adequate control groups. Several new therapies showed good results in small-scale trials, but these have not been repeated in larger trials with long-term follow-up. This article reports ...
Gastroesophageal Reflux: Management Guidance for
Gastroesophageal Reflux: Management Guidance for

... European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition.4 These definitions have further been recognized as representing a global consensus.5 Therefore, it is important that all practitioners who treat children with reflux-related disorders are able to identify and distinguish those ...
PLAIN LANGUAGE SUMMARY: Tinnitus
PLAIN LANGUAGE SUMMARY: Tinnitus

... Tinnitus can be heard in one or both sides of the head. The noises can sound like they are either from within or outside the head. Tinnitus sounds can include ringing, roaring, buzzing, clicking, beating, whooshing, whistling, humming, or other noises. The person may ‘hear’ their tinnitus all the ti ...
Hodgkin Disease
Hodgkin Disease

...  Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) may be increased due to the presence of liver or bone involvement. Other uncommon laboratory findings include hypercalcemia, hypernatremia, and hypoglycemia (due to the presence of insulin autoantibodies).  An HIV test is important in the workup of Hodgkin disease (Hod ...
Atrial Fibrillation: Manual of Clinical Guidelines
Atrial Fibrillation: Manual of Clinical Guidelines

... rhythm. They include flecainide (150 – 300 mg “bolus”), propafenone (300-600 mg “bolus”), but both are contraindicated in patients with ischemic heart disease or significant LV dysfunction. These doses have been shown to increase cardioversion efficacy when compared to maintenance dosage regimens. D ...
lithicarb
lithicarb

... confusion, extrapyramidal symptoms and leucocytosis has occurred in a few patients treated with lithium and neuroleptics. In some instances, the syndrome was followed by irreversible brain damage. Because there is a possible causal relationship between these events and treatment with lithium and neu ...
3 Patients starting renal replacement therapy
3 Patients starting renal replacement therapy

... Figure 7 Proportion of patients starting renal replacement therapy with kidney transplant, according to ethnicity, per 100 incident patients .................................................................... 20 Figure 8 Prevalent modality of treatment for end-stage kidney disease ................. ...
finding the needle in the haystack just got easier.
finding the needle in the haystack just got easier.

... bias him towards industry. And while he avoids discussing drug prices, he recognizes that FDA can promote drug access by bringing more generic drugs to market, and that good information about medical product risks and benefits can support those who make coverage decisions. Califf’s expertise in biom ...
Jimson Weed Poisoning—A Case Report
Jimson Weed Poisoning—A Case Report

... dosage for adults is 1 mg given intravenously for one minute and repeated every five minutes (maximum dose, 5 mg); the dosage for children is 0.01 to 0.1 mg/kg, (maximum dose, 1 mg).3 Patients also need close observation for hyperpyrexia and convulsions, because either condition can be fatal.5 Cooli ...
Guidelines for the treatment of psoriatic arthritis with biologics
Guidelines for the treatment of psoriatic arthritis with biologics

... inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and/or DMARDs to qualify for inclusion. An adequate therapeutic trial of a  DMARD is usually defined as failure to tolerate a drug or active disease despite treatment of at least 12 weeks  with a target therapeutic dose.  Unfortunately, very little good quality evidence i ...
A guide to Multiple System Atrophy for: Speech and Language
A guide to Multiple System Atrophy for: Speech and Language

... to premature death. Currently, there is no known cause or cure. MSA causes degeneration or atrophy of nerve cells in several (or multiple) areas of the brain which results in problems with movement, balance and autonomic functions of the body such as swallowing, bowel, bladder and blood pressure con ...
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Management of multiple sclerosis



Several therapies for multiple sclerosis (MS) exist, although there is no known cure. Multiple sclerosis is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating disease that affects the central nervous system (CNS).The most common initial course of the disease is the relapsing-remitting subtype, which is characterized by unpredictable attacks (relapses) followed by periods of relative remission with no new signs of disease activity. After some years, many of the people who have this subtype begin to experience neurologic decline without acute relapses. When this happens it is called secondary progressive multiple sclerosis. Other, less common, courses of the disease are the primary progressive (decline from the beginning without attacks) and the progressive-relapsing (steady neurologic decline and superimposed attacks). Different therapies are used for patients experiencing acute attacks, for patients who have the relapsing-remitting subtype, for patients who have the progressive subtypes, for patients without a diagnosis of MS who have a demyelinating event, and for managing the various consequences of MS.The primary aims of therapy are returning function after an attack, preventing new attacks, and preventing disability. As with any medical treatment, medications used in the management of MS may have several adverse effects, and many possible therapies are still under investigation. At the same time different alternative treatments are pursued by many patients, despite the paucity of supporting, comparable, replicated scientific study.This article focuses on therapies for standard MS; borderline forms of MS have particular treatments that are excluded.
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