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AN583: Safety Considerations and Layout
AN583: Safety Considerations and Layout

... For safety reasons, it is recommended that standard epoxy-glass PCB material Flame Retardant 4 (FR-4) be used in all designs since it meets the requirements of Underwriters Laboratories UL94-V0. Cheaper alternatives have higher dielectric losses at high frequencies, absorb more moisture, and provide ...
Signal to Noise Ratio.
Signal to Noise Ratio.

Methods for detecting ground faults in medium-voltage
Methods for detecting ground faults in medium-voltage

... HIFs on multigrounded distribution systems are difficult to detect at the substation level. Singlephase loads and the multipath returns of unbalanced currents contribute to the difficulty in detecting these faults. A grounded system can be very unbalanced when a major single-phase lateral is out of ...
AD8215 - Analog Devices
AD8215 - Analog Devices

Evaluates:  MAX1711 MAX1711 Voltage Positioning Evaluation Kit General Description Features
Evaluates: MAX1711 MAX1711 Voltage Positioning Evaluation Kit General Description Features

... Testing the power conversion efficiency POUT/PIN fairly and accurately requires more careful instrumentation than might be expected. One common error is to use inaccurate DMMs. Another is to use only one DMM, and move it from one spot to another to measure the various input/output voltages and curre ...
Simulation and Analysis of Faults in High Voltage DC
Simulation and Analysis of Faults in High Voltage DC

... multi:terminal DC (MTDC) is considered to be one of the suitable methods in structuring the meshed DC grid. There are various methods for controlling the HVDC in the multi: terminal grid but as far as the protection system is concerned, it is still lagging behind the AC systems, without rated protec ...
Bonding_CSST - Cutting Edge Solutions, LLC
Bonding_CSST - Cutting Edge Solutions, LLC

... grounding conductor. • Any metallic system can become energized by electric currents induced by an indirect lightning strike. • The gas piping does not fail from current flow, but from arcing (caused by a difference in electrical potential) between the grounded electrical system and any other electr ...


... potential as analog ground (within 100mV). Analog and Digital grounds should be connected at some point in the system, usually at the power supply connections to the circuit board. A separate Digital Ground is provided so that noisy logic signals can be referenced to separate circuit board traces. ...
Instruction manual Readout and control modules for
Instruction manual Readout and control modules for

News Release
News Release

... The hybrid PS3F Series’ power contacts support up to 100 Amps with rated voltage to 1000V AC/DC. The signal contacts support up to 1 Amp per contact, and interface with two of Hirose’s GT8E connectors, utilizing one 8 and one 10 position connector (18 signal lines total). The power contact structure ...
P84824
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Evaluates:  MAX256 MAX256 Evaluation Kit General Description Features
Evaluates: MAX256 MAX256 Evaluation Kit General Description Features

... up to 600mA from either output, or 300mA from each of the two outputs. Input power for the circuit is provided from a +5VDC source, or operates at any input voltage down to +3V with a corresponding reduction in the output voltages. The EV kit provides greater than 85% overall efficiency at +5V betwe ...
as440 automatic voltage regulator (avr)
as440 automatic voltage regulator (avr)

ESD Statshield® Protective Smocks Grounding, Testing
ESD Statshield® Protective Smocks Grounding, Testing

... are one of the causes of ESD damage. It is important that such charged garments do not come into contact with ESDS [ESD sensitive items]. The covering garments need to be grounded, either through direct contact with the wearer’s skin, or by alternative means such as being electrically connected to a ...
Introduction to the Mechatronic Engineering Laboratory Equipment
Introduction to the Mechatronic Engineering Laboratory Equipment

... conductor. Through wear (or by someone jamming too large a lead into one of the holes), the Uchannel can be bent open, which will result in a poor or intermittent electrical connection. (This is one of the major disadvantages of using a solderless breadboard and something to keep in mind when you ar ...
Transmission lines () - Lyle School of Engineering
Transmission lines () - Lyle School of Engineering

Hardware Conditioning of Sensor Signals
Hardware Conditioning of Sensor Signals

... the physical parameter being measured would require different signal conditioning from a sensor that produces variable resistance. But essentially, there are certain typical signal conditioning requirements in sensor applications. First, the signals generated by the sensor must be as free of noise a ...
Understanding Ground
Understanding Ground

... The term “ground” is defined as a conducting connection by which a circuit or equipment is connected to the earth. The connection is used to establish and maintain as closely as possible the potential of the earth on the circuit or equipment connected to it. A “ground” consists of a grounding conduc ...
electrical equipment definitions
electrical equipment definitions

Is the lowest forward voltage drop of real schottky diodes always the
Is the lowest forward voltage drop of real schottky diodes always the

JB Operators Manual
JB Operators Manual

Analysis of Envelope Signal Injection for Improvement of RF Amplifier Intermodulation Distortion
Analysis of Envelope Signal Injection for Improvement of RF Amplifier Intermodulation Distortion

... As a result, the amplifier circuit should exhibit high average efficiency to prolong battery life. This necessitates adaptive amplifier bias; for small-signal conditions, the quiescent current should be kept to its minimum to enhance the efficiency. For large-signal conditions, the current should au ...
Introduction
Introduction

C2175 Datasheet
C2175 Datasheet

... mode; the remainder charges capacitor Caux. As soon as the AUX pin voltage rises to VAUXRUN, the C2175 changes to Initialise mode. Current consumption increases to IAUXRUN while internal circuits are enabled. At the same time the internal clock starts the timer that ensures the VSHUTDN threshold to ...
Lab 2: Oscilloscopes and Function Generators
Lab 2: Oscilloscopes and Function Generators

... 5.  Configure the function generator to output a 5.0 Vpp square wave at a frequency of 1.7 kHz.  Repeat step 4 for this waveform.  Note:    most multimeters are only designed to measure dc ...
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Ground loop (electricity)

In an electrical system, a ground loop is an equipment and wiring configuration which results in excessive unwanted current in a conductor connecting two points that are supposed to be at the same electric potential, often ground, but are actually at different potentials.Ground loops are a major cause of noise, hum, and interference in audio, video, and computer systems. They do not in themselves create an electric shock hazard, the inappropriate connections merely create a not necessarily very good instance of Electrical_bonding, which is explicitly required by safety regulations in certain circumstances. In any case the voltage difference between the ground terminals of each item of equipment is small. A severe risk of electric shock occurs when equipment grounds are improperly removed in an attempt to cure the problems thought to be caused by ground loops.
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