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... As photosynthesizers, algae need light, water, and carbon dioxide for food production and growth, but they do not generally require organic compounds from the environment. As a result of photosynthesis, algae produce oxygen and carbohydrates that are then utilized by other organisms, including anima ...
Antibiotic Resistance of Pathogens Causing Community-Acquired Pneumonia Charles Feldman and Ronald Anderson
Antibiotic Resistance of Pathogens Causing Community-Acquired Pneumonia Charles Feldman and Ronald Anderson

... Mycoplasmal organisms lack a cell wall and are therefore resistant to cell wall synthesis inhibitors, such as beta-lactams, glycopeptides and fosfomycin. However, in addition to tetracyclines and fluoroquinolones, macrolide antibiotics are effective therapeutic agents against the so-called “atypical ...
Archaebacteria and Eubacteria
Archaebacteria and Eubacteria

... • Gram stain technique- used to distinguish between gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, which have distinct and consistent differences in their cell walls ...
Micrococcus luteus, rhodospirillum rubrum, and
Micrococcus luteus, rhodospirillum rubrum, and

... 1 In this experiment we learned that bacteria grows best on 1% sugar and nutrient broth but it grows the least 64% sugar and salt. It grows best in warm temperatures such as 16 degrees. 2 Can bacteria be harmful? 2 Yes bacteria can be harmful but not all bacteria can for example frozen yogurt is ful ...
Name
Name

... surfaces and in the soil. Archaebacteria or the ancient bacteria are found in extreme environments, like hot sulfur springs and thermal vents in the ocean floor. Archaebacteria are thought to be some of the oldest life forms on earth. Most bacteria are heterotrophic and don't make their own food. Th ...
MONERANS (bacteria) - Laguna Middle School
MONERANS (bacteria) - Laguna Middle School

... There are more bacteria in your mouth than all the people that have ever lived! Bacteria may outweigh trees in total biomass -- How possible? They are found deep in the soil, on the highest mountains and in the deepest oceans ...
- SlideBoom
- SlideBoom

... staining properties of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.  Gram stain  a stain used to distinguish two groups of bacteria by virtue of a structural difference in their cell walls  Gram +  simple cell walls with lots of ...
Kingdom: BACTERIA AND ARCHAEA
Kingdom: BACTERIA AND ARCHAEA

... Produce toxins, which are chemicals that are poisonous to the body. Botulism, TB, Pneumonia are examples. Vaccines…..remember them. They help prevent many bacterial diseases. ...
L6- Problem Solving with Exponential Growth and Decay
L6- Problem Solving with Exponential Growth and Decay

... bacteria after t hours. a) What is the doubling time? b) How many bacteria are present after 8 hours? c) How many bacteria are present after 16 hours? ...
Bioleaching of nickel from olivine using chemoheterotrophic fungi
Bioleaching of nickel from olivine using chemoheterotrophic fungi

... The increasing demand and diminishing availability of raw materials requires us to look beyond conventional sources. The importance of low-grade ores and waste residues as a source for raw materials is expected to increase in the near future. In particular, the escalating depletion of highgrade sulp ...
Archebacteria & Eubacteria
Archebacteria & Eubacteria

... endospores. An endospore occurs when a portion of the cytoplasm plus the chromosome dehydrates. The rest of the bacterial cell deteriorates. This endospore is then highly resistant to the unfavorable conditions; conditions such as high temperatures, harsh chemicals and drying out. When good conditio ...
Kingdom Bacteria - Effingham County Schools
Kingdom Bacteria - Effingham County Schools

... from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration • Diffusion – the tendency of a substance to move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration ...
Azobacter, Rhizobium, Enterobacteriaceae
Azobacter, Rhizobium, Enterobacteriaceae

... A correct proportion of bacterial growth could ensure a high quality of biofertilizer Its capability in maintaining the pH, safe to use and compatible as chemical fertilizer ...
Bacteria Reproduction
Bacteria Reproduction

... forming two genetically identical copies. Then, the cell enlarges and divides into two new daughter cells. The two daughter cells are identical to the parent cell. Binary fission can happen very rapidly. Some species of bacteria can double their population in less than ten minutes! Exchanging DNA ...
Bacteria
Bacteria

... 1. Name the shapes of bacteria: 2. Name 3 diseases that bacteria can cause: 3. Name 3 non-dairy products of bacteria: 4. What is the highest form of cleanliness? 5. What are antibiotics used for? 6. Where would you find a thermophilic bacteria? 7. Name the salt loving bacteria. 8. Bacteria that caus ...
Bacteria Reproduction
Bacteria Reproduction

... binary fission: Type of asexual reproduction in bacteria where a single cell divides into two cells. conjugation: Transfer of DNA from one bacterium to another. transduction: DNA transfer from one bacterium to another by a virus. transformation: Picking up pieces of DNA from a bacterium’s environmen ...
Sterilization & Disinfection
Sterilization & Disinfection

... Factors affecting microbial growth 1. Availability of nutrients: 92 natural elements 2. Moisture: Cells composed of 70-95% water ...
Object 15: Gram stain
Object 15: Gram stain

... What is it? The Gram stain is one of the most important stains in the microbiology laboratory, forming the basis of the identification and classification of bacteria. It divides bacteria into two broad categories according to the properties of their cell walls. Gram-positive bacteria, such as MRSA, ...
Bacteria Reproduction
Bacteria Reproduction

... daughter cells are identical to the parent cell. Binary fission can happen very rapidly. Some species of bacteria can double their population in less than ten minutes! This process makes it possible for a tremendous bacterial colony to start from a single cell. ...
Full-Text PDF
Full-Text PDF

... may not have evolved, in some or many cases, specifically to serve as stand-alone disrupters of intact biofilms. This could be the case because of one or more of the following, with counter arguments presented parenthetically: (1) Biofilms at least in part tend to be inherently resistant to antibiot ...
Bacteria - denkc.com
Bacteria - denkc.com

...  True bacteria are the oldest organisms on earth  organisms made up of just one cell  capable of multiplying by themselves, as they have the power to divide  some bacteria can cause diseases  Sometimes they are just in the wrong place but other times they are designed to invade our bodies!!  B ...
scope and history of microbiology
scope and history of microbiology

... Antibiotics in Animals Tied to Risk of Human Infection A federal analysis of 30 antibiotics used in animal feed found that the majority of them were likely to be contributing to the growing problem of bacterial infections that are resistant to treatment in people, according to documents released Mo ...
Prokaryote notes
Prokaryote notes

... In bacteria, genetic recombination can occur in three ways. a. Conjugation occurs when a bacterium passes DNA to a second bacterium through a tube (sex pilus) that temporarily joins two cells; this occurs only between bacteria in the same or closely related species. b. Transformation involves bacter ...
Bacteria - St Paul`s School Intranet
Bacteria - St Paul`s School Intranet

... Pneumonia is spread by droplet infection. An infected person coughs out droplets of water or mucus which contain the bacteria. These may be inhaled by someone else, or land on a surface which someone else then touches. The bacteria are then likely to enter their body when the person eats, rubs thei ...
KIngdomClassifications15
KIngdomClassifications15

... – Love extreme pH level (acidic or basic) – Love heat ...
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Biofilm



A biofilm is any group of microorganisms in which cells stick to each other on a surface. These adherent cells are frequently embedded within a self-produced matrix of extracellular polymeric substance (EPS). Biofilm extracellular polymeric substance, which is also referred to as slime (although not everything described as slime is a biofilm), is a polymeric conglomeration generally composed of extracellular DNA, proteins, and polysaccharides. Biofilms may form on living or non-living surfaces and can be prevalent in natural, industrial and hospital settings. The microbial cells growing in a biofilm are physiologically distinct from planktonic cells of the same organism, which, by contrast, are single-cells that may float or swim in a liquid medium.Microbes form a biofilm in response to many factors, which may include cellular recognition of specific or non-specific attachment sites on a surface, nutritional cues, or in some cases, by exposure of planktonic cells to sub-inhibitory concentrations of antibiotics. When a cell switches to the biofilm mode of growth, it undergoes a phenotypic shift in behavior in which large suites of genes are differentially regulated.
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