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repeated morphs in munduruku
repeated morphs in munduruku

... Munduruku is a Tupi language as classified by Norman A. McQuown, "The Indigenous Languages of Latin America", American Anthropologist. Vol. 57, No. 3, June 1955, pp. 501-570, and by Dr. Aryon D. Rodrigues, "Classification of Tupi-Guarani", International Journal of American Linguistics, Vol. 24, No. ...
Non-finite forms of the verb
Non-finite forms of the verb

... • The continuous infinitive shows the continuation of the action expressed by the infinitive. Example: He is thought to be hiding in Mexico. • The perfect infinitive is used with can't, couldn't must, may, should, could, would like, etc. Example: She may have turned up. He cannot (couldn't) have lif ...
The Infinitive and the Infinitive Phrase
The Infinitive and the Infinitive Phrase

... PN (follows a linking verb) DO (follows an action verb; answers “what”) ADJ (follows and describes a noun or pronoun…answers “what or which”) ADV (follows and describes a verb, adjective, or adverb…answers “why”) ...
Grammar SkillBuilder: Predicate Nouns and Predicate Adjectives
Grammar SkillBuilder: Predicate Nouns and Predicate Adjectives

... linking verbs. Common linking verbs include forms of the verb to be and the verbs appear, become, feel, grow, look, remain, seem, smell, sound, stay, taste, and turn. Predicate nouns rename, identify, or define subjects. Terry is an athlete. subject ...
Document
Document

... Skim  your  paper,  looking  only  at  the  first  two  or   three  words  of  each  sentence.     Stop  if  one  of  these  words  is  a  dependent  clause   marker  word  (after,  although,  as,  as  if,  as  long  as,   as ...
Adverbs
Adverbs

... • Ex. Yesterday my favorite hamster couldn’t juggle three pineapples carefully here. STEPS: First, find the verb. Ask yourself, what is the subject doing? In this case, the subject hamster could juggle. Second, ask the four questions: Could juggle how? Could juggle where? Could juggle when? Could ju ...
WRITING COMPLETE SENTENCES
WRITING COMPLETE SENTENCES

... clause as a separate sentence when it follows clearly from the preceding main clause, as in the last example above. This is a conventional journalistic practice, often used for emphasis. For academic (school) writing and other more formal writing situations, however, you should avoid such journalist ...
Español 3-4
Español 3-4

... The masculine form of most adjectives ends in ___o____, and the feminine form usually ends in ___a___. Adjectives that end in ___e___ have the same masculine and feminine forms. Adjectives that end in consonants do not add an “a” to become feminine unless they end in “or” or describe a nationality. ...
Using part-of-speech information in word alignment
Using part-of-speech information in word alignment

... Compared with other word alignment algorithms, PosAlign does not require large amount of data for training, and was shown to produce alignment with high precision in complete alignment (taking 0-1 and 10 mapping into consideration). The program is much more general in the sense that it has the poten ...
Grammar Preview 3: Verbs This preview of basic grammar covers
Grammar Preview 3: Verbs This preview of basic grammar covers

... throughout this presentation so they’ll really jump out at you ─ verbs are words that show action, like “run, jump, sit, play, come, act, go, blow, wait, watch, wiggle,” and English has thousands upon thousands more. The main verb in a sentence is the word which represents the sentence’s central act ...
independent clause
independent clause

... Read the paragraphs below. Choose the paragraph that is more effective. I love living in the city. I have a wonderful view of the entire city. I have an apartment. I can see the Golden Gate Bridge. I can see many cargo ships pass under the bridge each day. I like the restaurants in San Francisco. I ...
ESLG 50 STUDY GUIDE for MIDTERM EXAM: VERB TENSES
ESLG 50 STUDY GUIDE for MIDTERM EXAM: VERB TENSES

... Be sure you can form correct information and yes/no questions using HAVE as the helping verb. 9.6 Idea: Present Perfect for actions continuing from past to present (before now AND now) Understand the reason why we use present perfect tense – to talk about actions that are not only past and not only ...
noun phrases
noun phrases

... • When teaching verbs, it is important to cover the positive, negative and interrogative forms. • A verb can be multiword, comprising a main verb and one or more particles (phrasal verbs or prepositional verbs). ...
통사론 발표 verb
통사론 발표 verb

... ☞ An auxiliary helps a main verb to the extent that it adds more specific meaning to it. ∴ laughing is ongoing. ...
Gerunds
Gerunds

... WHAT IS A GERUND PHRASE? A gerund phrase is a phrase that begins with a gerund (the –ing form of a verb) and includes objects or modifiers. It also functions as a noun. Walking around the block is her daily exercise. In this sentence, “walking around the block” is the gerund phrase functioning as th ...
Eight Parts of Speech
Eight Parts of Speech

... • A linking verb links the subject of a sentence to a word in the predicate. • There are two groups of linking verbs: – forms of to be • Is, am, are, was, were, been, being – Verbs that express condition • Look, smell, feel, sound, taste, grow, appear, become, seem, remain ...
Martha Smith FRIT 7430:Instructional Design Stage 2
Martha Smith FRIT 7430:Instructional Design Stage 2

...  The function of each complement within a sentence.  How to compose a sentence correctly using complements.  Predicate nouns and predicate adjectives follow linking verbs.  Direct objects follow transitive verbs.  Intransitive verbs do not have indirect objects or direct objects.  Predicate no ...
língua inglesa iii
língua inglesa iii

... a) We have a computer here. (give two different transforms) b) Full-scale computers use a large number of programs. c) These programs have to be changed from time to time. d) A special period will need to be set aside for this operation. e) We must change all the programs tomorrow. 2) Indicate by (S ...
Direct objects and direct object pronouns
Direct objects and direct object pronouns

... (The thing that receives the action of the verb) Pablo kicked the ball. (What was kicked?) The teacher gave homework (What was given?) My sister called her boyfriend (Who was called?) The dog ate the hamburger (What was eaten?) ...
Unit 3
Unit 3

... 5. A novelist can find it interesting to create plots based on the city’s rich history. ...
Chapter 2 Verbs (28) Action Verbs: Verbs that show what the subject
Chapter 2 Verbs (28) Action Verbs: Verbs that show what the subject

... A verb tense that shows an action or state of being now (also used for regular routines or habits). It may also be used to described general truths or facts.  I eat a good breakfast in the morning.  Once every month, the rent is due. Note: with present verb tense the subject changes the ending of ...
The Spanish Auxiliary Verb System in HPSG
The Spanish Auxiliary Verb System in HPSG

... participle, do not count as auxiliaries in our criteria. On the other hand, the verb haber in the conjugation of composite tenses do counts as a normal auxiliary verb. As all five properties also occur in English, our analysis also shows that despite traditional perception, the auxiliary verbal syst ...
LANGUAGE LANGUAGE: Standard 1 Conventions of Standard
LANGUAGE LANGUAGE: Standard 1 Conventions of Standard

... e. Use adjectives and adverbs, and choose between them depending on what is to be modified. f. Produce, expand, and rearrange complete simple and compound sentences (e.g., The boy watched the movie; The little boy watched the movie; The action movie was watched by the little boy). Demonstrate comman ...
IJST-Vivek_RPaper_01
IJST-Vivek_RPaper_01

... the most challenging jobs is the proper treatment of multiword chunk (MWC). They are lexical items [1] that are composed of a word i.e. boy, dog, go, etc, a part of word i.e. nonsense, topmost or a group of words i.e. ask for, smart card, again and again, all of a sudden. Ambiguities [2,3,11] in NLP ...
Lecture 14
Lecture 14

...  Adjectives: properties, qualities  Adverbs: hodgepodge! • Unfortunately, John walked home extremely slowly yesterday ...
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Chinese grammar



This article concerns Standard Chinese. For the grammars of other forms of Chinese, see their respective articles via links on Chinese language and varieties of Chinese.The grammar of Standard Chinese shares many features with other varieties of Chinese. The language almost entirely lacks inflection, so that words typically have only one grammatical form. Categories such as number (singular or plural) and verb tense are frequently not expressed by any grammatical means, although there are several particles that serve to express verbal aspect, and to some extent mood.The basic word order is subject–verb–object (SVO). Otherwise, Chinese is chiefly a head-last language, meaning that modifiers precede the words they modify – in a noun phrase, for example, the head noun comes last, and all modifiers, including relative clauses, come in front of it. (This phenomenon is more typically found in SOV languages like Turkish and Japanese.)Chinese frequently uses serial verb constructions, which involve two or more verbs or verb phrases in sequence. Chinese prepositions behave similarly to serialized verbs in some respects (several of the common prepositions can also be used as full verbs), and they are often referred to as coverbs. There are also location markers, placed after a noun, and hence often called postpositions; these are often used in combination with a coverb. Predicate adjectives are normally used without a copular verb (""to be""), and can thus be regarded as a type of verb.As in many east Asian languages, classifiers or measure words are required when using numerals (and sometimes other words such as demonstratives) with nouns. There are many different classifiers in the language, and each countable noun generally has a particular classifier associated with it. Informally, however, it is often acceptable to use the general classifier 个 [個] ge in place of other specific classifiers.Examples given in this article use simplified Chinese characters (with the traditional characters following in brackets if they differ) and standard pinyin Romanization.
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