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SPLIT-INTRANSITIVITY IN SWAHILI AND HITTITE
SPLIT-INTRANSITIVITY IN SWAHILI AND HITTITE

... that split the set of intransitive verbs into two subsets, but the properties do not all split them into the same two subsets. This is a problem since there are phenomena, such as choice between auxiliary have and be in some languages (as discussed in section 2.3 below), that require that a single s ...
IsiXhosa Style Guide - Center
IsiXhosa Style Guide - Center

... The purpose of this Style Guide is to provide everybody involved in the localization of IsiXhosa Microsoft products with Microsoft-specific linguistic guidelines and standard conventions that differ from or are more prescriptive than those found in language reference materials. These conventions hav ...
The Syntax of Meteorology: The Linguistic Status of Variadic Functions
The Syntax of Meteorology: The Linguistic Status of Variadic Functions

... but this will be a metaphysical inference, as it were, not one encoded linguistically (cf., Recanati, 2010, p. 89). It suffices for now if weather reports are acknowledged to be uncontroversially definite on most of their uses. There are other kinds of weather reports, such as those involving adject ...
Martina Mašková - Univerzita Karlova
Martina Mašková - Univerzita Karlova

... The English non-finite verb forms are the infinitive, the participle, and the gerund. Compared to finite verb forms, they are morphologically impoverished as they only express some of the morphological categories, namely voice and tense. Moreover, their temporal meaning is always only relational and ...
Michelle Anne Long A Thesis - Bibliothèque et Archives Canada
Michelle Anne Long A Thesis - Bibliothèque et Archives Canada

... implications of such a structure, we would expect only one type of subordinate clause in a Pronominal Argument (PA) language, an adjunct or non-argumental clause. These languages should lack complement clauses. There is evidence in Cree, however, which indicates that there are at least two types of ...
A survey of the forms of Java reference names
A survey of the forms of Java reference names

... icSigPs2CRD2Tag (JDK), and WEAVEMESSAGE ANNOTATES (AspectJ). The training set was used to obtain a model for the Stanford PoS tagger. A further 5,000 field names were manually tagged to provide a test set. In addition a smaller test set of 1,000 boolean field names was created to measure the perfor ...
the EMNLP 2011 paper - ReVerb
the EMNLP 2011 paper - ReVerb

... Incoherent extractions are cases where the extracted relation phrase has no meaningful interpretation (see Table 1 for examples). Incoherent extractions arise because the learned extractor makes a sequence of decisions about whether to include each word in the relation phrase, often resulting in inc ...
Identifying Relations for Open Information Extraction
Identifying Relations for Open Information Extraction

... Incoherent extractions are cases where the extracted relation phrase has no meaningful interpretation (see Table 1 for examples). Incoherent extractions arise because the learned extractor makes a sequence of decisions about whether to include each word in the relation phrase, often resulting in inc ...
First Experience Latin with Fr. Reginald Foster
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... • The endings of Block 1 Adjectives are identical to those we learned for Block 1 Nouns • This doesn't mean that the adjectives ending will always be identical to the noun it modifies, for the adjective must agree with the gender of the noun, as seen in the next lesson. Go here for a list of some ex ...


... [It implies from your words that you will not come tomorrow.] The principle of shifting of 'cognitive roles' can be interpreted as a 'middle course' between the strictly syntactically based and the strictly semantically based approaches. Verbal complementations can be realized either by single words ...
The Bamunka Noun Phrase
The Bamunka Noun Phrase

... The second line of each example is based on the most current orthography (Blackwell, 2011) but is broken down into individual morphemes, with some spelling adjustments, as deemed necessary to reflect the analysis. Any syllable-final /ŋ/ represents nasalisation of the vowel. It does not represent a s ...
Gerunds
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Dowty - Princeton University
Dowty - Princeton University

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AGU Grammar and Style Guide
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... around, before, and after nonrestrictive clauses and phrases. A nonrestrictive clause or phrases is one that could be omitted without changing the meaning of the sentence. Because of the technical nature of the material in AGU journals, it is sometimes difficult to be sure if a phrase or clause is n ...
Chapter 2: The problems with prepositions 0 Introduction
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... the Section 2 more thoroughly; it is concluded that it is unlikely that these three elements comprise one single, monolithic category. The answer must be more complex than selecting between either a single category or several separate categories. I return to this problem in Chapter 3, and offer a po ...
complete issue - FRITT
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... based on her PhD thesis defended at ILOS in 2013. Her comparative study involves twelve different Slavic languages with examples taken from the ParaSol corpus. The different distribution of imperfective and perfective aspect in Slavic ...
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... as well in simple as in compound words-the attributive root is, to the eye, in a manner lost amongst its accessories; but they are nevertheless simple, because synthetical, every syllable or modifying element carrying with it a de$nitive meaning. From this ...
A Study of the Microstructure of Monolingual Urdu Dictionaries
A Study of the Microstructure of Monolingual Urdu Dictionaries

... not to provide lexical relations. The figures in Table 2-b and the discussion indicate that these Urdu dictionaries mostly include synonyms as meanings, even though it creates ambiguities. This may be the reason these dictionaries avoid giving importance to synonymy as an additional element. The NOD ...
AGU Grammar and Style Guide
AGU Grammar and Style Guide

... The samples were collected in a glass beaker, which had been washed, dried, and weighed. (nonrestrictive) The data, the number of echo soundings per second, were entered into the computer. (nonrestrictive appositive) The distance per unit time, or velocity, is important to this calculation. (nonrest ...
IN GOD WE TRUST
IN GOD WE TRUST

... preferred • I found it difficult to accept Dr Smith's contention in chapter 3 that the new agonist has superior pharmacokinetics and is therefore more widely used. ...
Language Arts Curriculum Guide Template
Language Arts Curriculum Guide Template

... connection with students. Students can even arrange the pronouns according to quantity, from none to all, along a number line. ...
A GRAMMATICAL ANALYSIS OF THE TSWANA ADVERBIAL by
A GRAMMATICAL ANALYSIS OF THE TSWANA ADVERBIAL by

... and the vast array of analyses done on adverbials in other languages, we draw on the research of others whose works and findings are considered central. The language data used for exemplificatory purposes are mainly drawn from the Tswana corpus compiled by myself6. This corpus consists of approxima ...
infinitive clauses - E
infinitive clauses - E

... Infinitive constructions represent a complex, diversified type of subordinate clauses, with a central position in the complement system of English. Unlike that complements, infinitive complements are non-finite, i.e., the infinitive lacks deictic tense and agreement features. Origin. The infinitive ...
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... little rock ’n’ roll to the school system. Like it or not, we are teaching a new breed of children—one that watches more than four hours of values-distorting TV each day, plays mindless video games on a regular basis, and gobbles up entertainment far more than nutriment. We welcome these mediasavvy ...
9-12 Grammar Key
9-12 Grammar Key

... answers provide. For instance, do you give credit for ―adverb of place,‖ or insist on ―adverbial prepositional phrase of place‖? Is one better than the other? Unfortunately, we are not able to make that decision for you. You get to decide. In the key, we do not separate limiting adjectives in the an ...
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Chinese grammar



This article concerns Standard Chinese. For the grammars of other forms of Chinese, see their respective articles via links on Chinese language and varieties of Chinese.The grammar of Standard Chinese shares many features with other varieties of Chinese. The language almost entirely lacks inflection, so that words typically have only one grammatical form. Categories such as number (singular or plural) and verb tense are frequently not expressed by any grammatical means, although there are several particles that serve to express verbal aspect, and to some extent mood.The basic word order is subject–verb–object (SVO). Otherwise, Chinese is chiefly a head-last language, meaning that modifiers precede the words they modify – in a noun phrase, for example, the head noun comes last, and all modifiers, including relative clauses, come in front of it. (This phenomenon is more typically found in SOV languages like Turkish and Japanese.)Chinese frequently uses serial verb constructions, which involve two or more verbs or verb phrases in sequence. Chinese prepositions behave similarly to serialized verbs in some respects (several of the common prepositions can also be used as full verbs), and they are often referred to as coverbs. There are also location markers, placed after a noun, and hence often called postpositions; these are often used in combination with a coverb. Predicate adjectives are normally used without a copular verb (""to be""), and can thus be regarded as a type of verb.As in many east Asian languages, classifiers or measure words are required when using numerals (and sometimes other words such as demonstratives) with nouns. There are many different classifiers in the language, and each countable noun generally has a particular classifier associated with it. Informally, however, it is often acceptable to use the general classifier 个 [個] ge in place of other specific classifiers.Examples given in this article use simplified Chinese characters (with the traditional characters following in brackets if they differ) and standard pinyin Romanization.
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