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Gerunds
Gerunds

... They agreed to sign the treaty. (not: They agreed signing the treaty.*) Because she was nervous, she hesitated to speak. (not: Because she was nervous, she hesitated speaking.*) They will attempt to resuscitate the victim (not: They will attempt resuscitating the victim.*) ...
Propbank-Br - Association for Computational Linguistics
Propbank-Br - Association for Computational Linguistics

... followed by the infinite form imposed to the auxiliated verb (infinitive, past participle or gerund). This table has been improved by results from Baptista and Mamede (2010) and enabled us to identify verbal chains and select, as argument taker, only the last verb at right of the chain (which corres ...
Adjective Worksheets 7th grade
Adjective Worksheets 7th grade

... NOUNS AS ADJECTIVES When a noun is used to modify another noun or a pronoun, it then becomes an adjective. For instance: I enjoy summer. (noun) but I enjoy summer vacation. (adjective) He lives in Asia. (noun) but He is an Asian citizen. (adjective) ...
Annotating tense, mood and voice for English, French and German
Annotating tense, mood and voice for English, French and German

... et al., 2014; Ramm and Fraser, 2016)). Identifying the morphosyntactic tense is also a necessary prerequisite for identifying the semantic tense in synthetic languages such as English, French or German (Reichart and Rappoport, 2010). The extracted tense-mood-voice (TMV) features may also be useful f ...
Lecture 3 - ELTE / SEAS
Lecture 3 - ELTE / SEAS

... structural description: aff + V structural change: # V + aff # ...
white.instructionaldesign
white.instructionaldesign

... Each student will then demonstrate in from of the class how he/she can do the action verb. Ex.: If the student listed “jump” on his/her poster, that student will then do the action of jumping in front of the class. Hand out word cards to students. Each card contains either a noun, pronoun, linking v ...
article - FernUni Hagen
article - FernUni Hagen

... The focus of the present paper is on deverbal nouns in German that can be interpreted as referring to the result of an action or event. More specifically, there are two sorts of results to be considered: result objects and result states. Examples of deverbal nouns with result object interpretation a ...
AdjectivesandAdverbuse
AdjectivesandAdverbuse

... You make an adverb out of an adjective by adding –ly in most cases (but not all) Intensifiers are adverbs like very and extremely that give more power to what you are saying. ...
UNIT 1
UNIT 1

... The study of grammar dates back to time immemorial. Grammar seems to be everybody business as long as we use a language. We must have some knowledge of it if we profess to be reasonably able to use a language with some degree of proficiency. Otherwise, we would not have progressed from early baby ta ...
Linguistic Characteristics of English Creole - communication
Linguistic Characteristics of English Creole - communication

... African sub-stratum. African slaves were multilingual, treated English, French and Portuguese in the same way. Bickerton: it is impossible to trace certain basic similarities back to an African source, e.g., the characteristic creole tense-aspect system for verbs. ...
Grammar Rules for Writing in Schwarz`s class
Grammar Rules for Writing in Schwarz`s class

... withdrawal. The policy had been written by a subcommittee on student behavior. If students withdraw from course work before suspension can take effect, the policy states, a mark of "IW." ...
On the VP Structure of Phrasal Verbs in English - NAOSITE
On the VP Structure of Phrasal Verbs in English - NAOSITE

... Many linguists have suggested that the sentences from個through involve Particle Movement : the particle adjacent to the verb undergoes movement to the right across the NP, yielding the [Verb-NP-Particle] configuration. By contrast, each (a) sentence from (19) to (22) (which has the verb-preposition c ...
Noden`s image grammar Power Point
Noden`s image grammar Power Point

... RESEARCH “Students often see revision, not as an opportunity to develop and improve a piece of writing, but as an indication that they have failed to do it right the first time.” - Donald M. Murray “Even high school students admit to little or no experience in revision. At best, they may recopy a p ...
ADE Functional English 1st Semester
ADE Functional English 1st Semester

... 7. There are two striking features of language that any scientific theory of this quintessentially human behavior must account for. 8. The first is that we do not all speak the same language. This would be a shocking observation were not so commonplace 9. The second striking feature of language is t ...
Grammar Packet: May
Grammar Packet: May

... Early in the morning describes how Jamie is doing something; it modifies the word finishes, which is a verb. Therefore, this group of words is acting like an adverb. When we have a group of words that work together, like who gave me the ticket or early in the morning, to do the same job, we call the ...
Five Parts of a Complete Sentence
Five Parts of a Complete Sentence

... complete thought. "The car drove." is an example of an incomplete sentence because it does not contain a main idea. This example contains a subject - car, a predicate - drove, a capital letter, and terminal punctuation, but without the essential complete thought it is not a complete sentence. A comp ...
湖南省第一师范学院外语系备课用纸
湖南省第一师范学院外语系备课用纸

... both the subject and the main verb can be omitted, eg.. His suggestions made John happy but (his suggestions made) Mary angry. If, on the other hand, the second clause has a different subject but an identical predication (that is, an identical "main verb + complementation"), one of the predications ...
THE SYNTAX-SEMANTICS INTERFACE
THE SYNTAX-SEMANTICS INTERFACE

... constitute two autonomous systems. Indeed this is widely assumed to be the case, though not entirely uncontroversial, e.g. Montague Grammar (see article 19) and functional approaches (see article 11) don't subscribe to this hypothesis. Consider two arguments brought forth in favor of the assumption ...
Grammar Terminology Guide
Grammar Terminology Guide

... Most adverbs, as their name suggests, tell us more about verbs. Adverbs like these are often formed by adding ‘-ly’ to an adjective. A few adverbs modify adjectives. ...
Where auxiliary verbs come from - chass.utoronto
Where auxiliary verbs come from - chass.utoronto

... c-selectional category features are checked immediately on Merge.3 I further assume that some, but not all, interpretable features of inflectional heads assign a value to the element that checks their category feature. The lowest Infl head, Event, carries a c-selectional feature [uV/uv], which can b ...
english - Films On Demand
english - Films On Demand

... 1. This program attempts to teach some basic principles and terminology of Standard Edited American English in a format that students will find entertaining and, we hope, clear. We believe that learning these principles and terms will contribute to students’ conscious understanding of the structure ...
MSG Style Guide - Michigan Sea Grant
MSG Style Guide - Michigan Sea Grant

... serial  comma.  No,  we  do  not  use  it.  Yet,  most  academics  (it’s  also  called  the  Harvard   Comma)  will  insist  upon  using  it.  For  our  purposes  –  particularly  outreach  material   –  it  should  not  be  used. ...
Y00-1008 - Association for Computational Linguistics
Y00-1008 - Association for Computational Linguistics

... semantic relation can be realized in an array of relationships such as whole-and-part, possessor-andpossessee, and so forth. 3 Finally, with the coreference between the object of ba and the subject of the subordinate verb, (7)c leads to a causative interpretation. Also note that the embedded verb in ...
here - Laroche
here - Laroche

... Division – arguing that because the parts have a certain property the whole has that property as well Equivocation – the same word is used with two different meanings Fallacy of Exclusion – important evidence is failed to be presented False Analogy – two objects are shown to be similar, but in reali ...
78VERBS
78VERBS

... Past – action that already happened Future – action that will happen Present Progressive – “be”, “am”, “is” or “are” plus a verb ending with “ing” – means something is in progress Past Progressive – “was” or “were” plus a verb ending with “ing” – means something was in progress Future Progressive – ...
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Chinese grammar



This article concerns Standard Chinese. For the grammars of other forms of Chinese, see their respective articles via links on Chinese language and varieties of Chinese.The grammar of Standard Chinese shares many features with other varieties of Chinese. The language almost entirely lacks inflection, so that words typically have only one grammatical form. Categories such as number (singular or plural) and verb tense are frequently not expressed by any grammatical means, although there are several particles that serve to express verbal aspect, and to some extent mood.The basic word order is subject–verb–object (SVO). Otherwise, Chinese is chiefly a head-last language, meaning that modifiers precede the words they modify – in a noun phrase, for example, the head noun comes last, and all modifiers, including relative clauses, come in front of it. (This phenomenon is more typically found in SOV languages like Turkish and Japanese.)Chinese frequently uses serial verb constructions, which involve two or more verbs or verb phrases in sequence. Chinese prepositions behave similarly to serialized verbs in some respects (several of the common prepositions can also be used as full verbs), and they are often referred to as coverbs. There are also location markers, placed after a noun, and hence often called postpositions; these are often used in combination with a coverb. Predicate adjectives are normally used without a copular verb (""to be""), and can thus be regarded as a type of verb.As in many east Asian languages, classifiers or measure words are required when using numerals (and sometimes other words such as demonstratives) with nouns. There are many different classifiers in the language, and each countable noun generally has a particular classifier associated with it. Informally, however, it is often acceptable to use the general classifier 个 [個] ge in place of other specific classifiers.Examples given in this article use simplified Chinese characters (with the traditional characters following in brackets if they differ) and standard pinyin Romanization.
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