English in relation to grammar
... understanding that a simple sentence expresses a single idea, represented grammatically by a single independent clause (for example 'A kangaroo tiger is a mammal.’ or ‘A mammal suckles its young' Incorrect example in the content elaborations ‘noting how writers often leave out words substitute a gen ...
... understanding that a simple sentence expresses a single idea, represented grammatically by a single independent clause (for example 'A kangaroo tiger is a mammal.’ or ‘A mammal suckles its young' Incorrect example in the content elaborations ‘noting how writers often leave out words substitute a gen ...
LESSON 26: DEPENDENT CLAUSES (ADVERB)
... Dependent clauses cannot stand alone. They are dependent and need to be attached to an independent clause in order to make sense. Examples: ...
... Dependent clauses cannot stand alone. They are dependent and need to be attached to an independent clause in order to make sense. Examples: ...
File
... A Compound Sentence has two independent clauses connected by a comma and a coordinating conjunction. ...
... A Compound Sentence has two independent clauses connected by a comma and a coordinating conjunction. ...
Words and morphemes
... In some languages, the application of these terms is even clearer. In languages like Latin, for example, words can usually be "scrambled" into nearly any order in a phrase. As Allen and Greenough's New Latin Grammar says, "In connected discourse the word most prominent in the speaker's mind comes fi ...
... In some languages, the application of these terms is even clearer. In languages like Latin, for example, words can usually be "scrambled" into nearly any order in a phrase. As Allen and Greenough's New Latin Grammar says, "In connected discourse the word most prominent in the speaker's mind comes fi ...
3015 FRENCH MARK SCHEME for the May/June 2013 series
... accept minor spelling errors which do not affect a correct phonetic rendition – Je m’apelle (sic) = 1, Elle courais (sic) = 1. Accept - ait for - aient and vice versa. Reject et for est and ons/ont for on. Where compound tenses are used, please accept, provided it is phonetically correct, the use of ...
... accept minor spelling errors which do not affect a correct phonetic rendition – Je m’apelle (sic) = 1, Elle courais (sic) = 1. Accept - ait for - aient and vice versa. Reject et for est and ons/ont for on. Where compound tenses are used, please accept, provided it is phonetically correct, the use of ...
Supersense Tagging of Unknown Nouns using Semantic Similarity
... Caraballo and Charniak (1999) have explored determining noun specificity from raw text. They find that simple frequency counts are the most effective way of determining the parent-child ordering, achieving 83% accuracy over types of vehicle, food and occupation. The other measure they found to be su ...
... Caraballo and Charniak (1999) have explored determining noun specificity from raw text. They find that simple frequency counts are the most effective way of determining the parent-child ordering, achieving 83% accuracy over types of vehicle, food and occupation. The other measure they found to be su ...
The Clause:
... – Concession: although, even though, though – Condition: if, than, unless • After completing our homework, we watched a long movie. ...
... – Concession: although, even though, though – Condition: if, than, unless • After completing our homework, we watched a long movie. ...
PDF - UCSB Linguistics
... yes one cuts board with it just also I want 'Yes, I want a saw, too' In both cases.ftni' links the content of the statementto the rest of the discourse,but the link is semantic,not s)'ntactic'The fall in (24) is not syntactically coordinatewith other misadventuresin previousdiscourse,nor is the saw ...
... yes one cuts board with it just also I want 'Yes, I want a saw, too' In both cases.ftni' links the content of the statementto the rest of the discourse,but the link is semantic,not s)'ntactic'The fall in (24) is not syntactically coordinatewith other misadventuresin previousdiscourse,nor is the saw ...
Clause processing in complex sentences
... Word by word processing is one of the most traditional approaches in linguistics and can be attributed to Hockett (1955) and his finite-state grammar. According to Chomsky (1957, p. 20), in his criticism of Hockett’s model, the speaker when producing a sentence “begins in the initial state, produces ...
... Word by word processing is one of the most traditional approaches in linguistics and can be attributed to Hockett (1955) and his finite-state grammar. According to Chomsky (1957, p. 20), in his criticism of Hockett’s model, the speaker when producing a sentence “begins in the initial state, produces ...
Spanish Learning Resources
... or condition. The examples used the verbs in conjunction with adjectives to clearly illustrate this point. In practice, ser and estar are not always used with adjectives, nor is it always easy for the non-native speaker to choose between the two verbs. Therefore, it is extremely useful to learn some ...
... or condition. The examples used the verbs in conjunction with adjectives to clearly illustrate this point. In practice, ser and estar are not always used with adjectives, nor is it always easy for the non-native speaker to choose between the two verbs. Therefore, it is extremely useful to learn some ...
one - Newton-British
... Put a prefix at the beginning of each word to make it mean the opposite. ...
... Put a prefix at the beginning of each word to make it mean the opposite. ...
Mende Grammar Essentials
... language agrees rather well to Greenberg's universals. The following universals correspond with the Mende language. U1. In declarative sentences with nominal subject and object, the dominant order is almost always one in which the subject precedes object. U4. With overwhelmingly greater than chance ...
... language agrees rather well to Greenberg's universals. The following universals correspond with the Mende language. U1. In declarative sentences with nominal subject and object, the dominant order is almost always one in which the subject precedes object. U4. With overwhelmingly greater than chance ...
sentence structure basics
... Yesterday, both Christine and Philip studied hard for their biology midterm and wrote essays for English. Introductory word (adverb of time) ...
... Yesterday, both Christine and Philip studied hard for their biology midterm and wrote essays for English. Introductory word (adverb of time) ...
Modal auxiliaries
... to indicate a degree of certainty to try to influence other people in various ways (authority/submission, permission, make people do things or stop them from doing things). ...
... to indicate a degree of certainty to try to influence other people in various ways (authority/submission, permission, make people do things or stop them from doing things). ...
Chapter 6 Verb stems and incorporation
... which increase or decrease the valence of the verb. The valence changing processes will be the topic of chapter 7; the present chapter focuses on stem-internal structure (a necessary preliminary to the discussion in chapter 7) and on incorporation. 6.1. introduces the Algonquianist terminology of in ...
... which increase or decrease the valence of the verb. The valence changing processes will be the topic of chapter 7; the present chapter focuses on stem-internal structure (a necessary preliminary to the discussion in chapter 7) and on incorporation. 6.1. introduces the Algonquianist terminology of in ...
Performance Grammar: a Declarative Definition
... How is the focussed Direct OBJect NP Kim ‘extracted’ from the subordinate clause and ‘moved’ into the main clause? Movement of phrases between clauses is due to lateral topology sharing (i.e. left– and/or right–peripheral sharing). If a sentence contains more than one verb, each of the verb frames c ...
... How is the focussed Direct OBJect NP Kim ‘extracted’ from the subordinate clause and ‘moved’ into the main clause? Movement of phrases between clauses is due to lateral topology sharing (i.e. left– and/or right–peripheral sharing). If a sentence contains more than one verb, each of the verb frames c ...
Gerundive Complements in English: A Constraint
... (13) Constraint on the type clause: Its SUBJ value is either empty or nonempty, and if nonempty, it is either a PRO or a gap. This means that the type clause is a saturated phrase, satisfying all the valence requirements. (That the SUBJ value is PRO means that the clause has an unexpressed or 'under ...
... (13) Constraint on the type clause: Its SUBJ value is either empty or nonempty, and if nonempty, it is either a PRO or a gap. This means that the type clause is a saturated phrase, satisfying all the valence requirements. (That the SUBJ value is PRO means that the clause has an unexpressed or 'under ...
Chunking/POS tagging
... therefore, be marked as a postposition. Similarly, in 5.2.1. (h3) and (h6) above, it is a noun, therefore, mark it as a noun and so on. Alternatively, since these words are more like nouns, as is evident from 5.2.1 above they can be tagged as nouns in all there occurrences. The same would apply to ' ...
... therefore, be marked as a postposition. Similarly, in 5.2.1. (h3) and (h6) above, it is a noun, therefore, mark it as a noun and so on. Alternatively, since these words are more like nouns, as is evident from 5.2.1 above they can be tagged as nouns in all there occurrences. The same would apply to ' ...
Prepositions The key to understanding prepositions is perhaps
... preposition use is not always easily categorized, but also that it isn't easily categorized in a number of limited ways. Prepositions are difficult for learners, in the sense that they generally continue to make mistakes with them as they progress, while still being, for the most part, understood. I ...
... preposition use is not always easily categorized, but also that it isn't easily categorized in a number of limited ways. Prepositions are difficult for learners, in the sense that they generally continue to make mistakes with them as they progress, while still being, for the most part, understood. I ...
The Syntactic Cartography of the TP Layer in Minimalism
... formal feature valuation, one can assume that the inflectional head T in SVO order values its formal features against the vP-internal DP and, as a reflex, assigns the Case of the subject DP in-situ. Another valid option to account for the VSO order is to assume that the verb is raised into a higher ...
... formal feature valuation, one can assume that the inflectional head T in SVO order values its formal features against the vP-internal DP and, as a reflex, assigns the Case of the subject DP in-situ. Another valid option to account for the VSO order is to assume that the verb is raised into a higher ...
John ate the cake
... Augmenting a DCG to handle case There are other grammatical features we need to match, and if we keep making more specialized grammar rules, we will end up with exponential number of rules. Alternative is to augment grammar. s --> np(sub), vp. vp --> v, np(obj). vp --> v. pp --> prep, np(obj). np(C ...
... Augmenting a DCG to handle case There are other grammatical features we need to match, and if we keep making more specialized grammar rules, we will end up with exponential number of rules. Alternative is to augment grammar. s --> np(sub), vp. vp --> v, np(obj). vp --> v. pp --> prep, np(obj). np(C ...
Vajda Yeniseian Derivation
... qa-ru ‘the person is big’ (with masculine-class singular predicative agreement suffix -du), but kɛ’t qa-s ‘the person is a big one’ (with nominalizing -s). In rare cases nominalizing -s is added to a noun used predicatively to derive a more abstract meaning: qīˑm ‘woman’ > qim-s ‘is a female’ (Werne ...
... qa-ru ‘the person is big’ (with masculine-class singular predicative agreement suffix -du), but kɛ’t qa-s ‘the person is a big one’ (with nominalizing -s). In rare cases nominalizing -s is added to a noun used predicatively to derive a more abstract meaning: qīˑm ‘woman’ > qim-s ‘is a female’ (Werne ...
LI2013 (10) – Syntax (for students)
... Head Types In Noun Phrase (NP): Functions like a noun, head is noun (N) Ex. The car, a clever student ...
... Head Types In Noun Phrase (NP): Functions like a noun, head is noun (N) Ex. The car, a clever student ...
Chinese grammar
This article concerns Standard Chinese. For the grammars of other forms of Chinese, see their respective articles via links on Chinese language and varieties of Chinese.The grammar of Standard Chinese shares many features with other varieties of Chinese. The language almost entirely lacks inflection, so that words typically have only one grammatical form. Categories such as number (singular or plural) and verb tense are frequently not expressed by any grammatical means, although there are several particles that serve to express verbal aspect, and to some extent mood.The basic word order is subject–verb–object (SVO). Otherwise, Chinese is chiefly a head-last language, meaning that modifiers precede the words they modify – in a noun phrase, for example, the head noun comes last, and all modifiers, including relative clauses, come in front of it. (This phenomenon is more typically found in SOV languages like Turkish and Japanese.)Chinese frequently uses serial verb constructions, which involve two or more verbs or verb phrases in sequence. Chinese prepositions behave similarly to serialized verbs in some respects (several of the common prepositions can also be used as full verbs), and they are often referred to as coverbs. There are also location markers, placed after a noun, and hence often called postpositions; these are often used in combination with a coverb. Predicate adjectives are normally used without a copular verb (""to be""), and can thus be regarded as a type of verb.As in many east Asian languages, classifiers or measure words are required when using numerals (and sometimes other words such as demonstratives) with nouns. There are many different classifiers in the language, and each countable noun generally has a particular classifier associated with it. Informally, however, it is often acceptable to use the general classifier 个 [個] ge in place of other specific classifiers.Examples given in this article use simplified Chinese characters (with the traditional characters following in brackets if they differ) and standard pinyin Romanization.