Pronouns can be very useful when standing in for other
... The different types of pronouns include the following: personal pronouns possessive pronouns intensive and reflexive pronouns relative pronouns interrogative pronouns demonstrative pronouns indefinite pronouns All of them have different forms, even if they may refer to the same antecedent. The form ...
... The different types of pronouns include the following: personal pronouns possessive pronouns intensive and reflexive pronouns relative pronouns interrogative pronouns demonstrative pronouns indefinite pronouns All of them have different forms, even if they may refer to the same antecedent. The form ...
The Two be`s of English
... others). In this characterization of the lexicon, lexical verbs form an open class of words that have certain syntactic features and tend to express rich (complex) semantic content. Examples of lexical verbs in English include eat, advertise, read, dichotomize, and a very large number of others. Aux ...
... others). In this characterization of the lexicon, lexical verbs form an open class of words that have certain syntactic features and tend to express rich (complex) semantic content. Examples of lexical verbs in English include eat, advertise, read, dichotomize, and a very large number of others. Aux ...
Thematic Roles and Syntactic Structure
... expressed as subjects when there is no causer/agent. This idea could be made compatible with a weakened version of the UTAH under certain conditions (see section 4.2.1), but it would mean that syntactic structure is coarser-grained than thematic structure. Because of this, I tentatively adopt a slig ...
... expressed as subjects when there is no causer/agent. This idea could be made compatible with a weakened version of the UTAH under certain conditions (see section 4.2.1), but it would mean that syntactic structure is coarser-grained than thematic structure. Because of this, I tentatively adopt a slig ...
On the expression of TAM on nouns: Evidence from Tundra Nenets
... feature on D(eterminer) is uninterpretable and licenses the nominative Case with all associated effects, a Salishan language Halkomelem possesses interpretable T on D and the category of nominal tense. However, in Matthewson’s (2005) analyses of St’aʹt’imcets, a related Salishan language, the tempor ...
... feature on D(eterminer) is uninterpretable and licenses the nominative Case with all associated effects, a Salishan language Halkomelem possesses interpretable T on D and the category of nominal tense. However, in Matthewson’s (2005) analyses of St’aʹt’imcets, a related Salishan language, the tempor ...
Teachers` Guide
... in simple sentences. Then they add complements—the words that answer the questions “Whom?” or “What?” after the verb. Then they add compounds, then prepositional phrases, then adjectives and adverbs, etc. In other words, there is constant review for those students who need it. Students who do not ne ...
... in simple sentences. Then they add complements—the words that answer the questions “Whom?” or “What?” after the verb. Then they add compounds, then prepositional phrases, then adjectives and adverbs, etc. In other words, there is constant review for those students who need it. Students who do not ne ...
Motivation for studying Italian
... of conjugation membership with those of inflectional processes, even though in neither case is there a direct mapping between the two sets of properties in Italian. It is true that only the first conjugation shows unrestricted productivity in Italian and can accommodate any type of root, but verbs b ...
... of conjugation membership with those of inflectional processes, even though in neither case is there a direct mapping between the two sets of properties in Italian. It is true that only the first conjugation shows unrestricted productivity in Italian and can accommodate any type of root, but verbs b ...
A Left-Branching Grammar Design for Incremental Parsing
... features are entered onto the stack, the SLASH feature is passed up from the (first) daughter to the mother.5 Since the SLASH feature in this way is passed on to the embedded structure, rather than the stack, the mechanism allows us to keep the assumption that the extraction rule dominates the fille ...
... features are entered onto the stack, the SLASH feature is passed up from the (first) daughter to the mother.5 Since the SLASH feature in this way is passed on to the embedded structure, rather than the stack, the mechanism allows us to keep the assumption that the extraction rule dominates the fille ...
Greek 1001 Elementary Greek
... • verbs which modify their subjects using adjective endings (instead of using personal endings to indicate their subject) AND • adjectives which describe a noun as involved in a verbal action ...
... • verbs which modify their subjects using adjective endings (instead of using personal endings to indicate their subject) AND • adjectives which describe a noun as involved in a verbal action ...
Welcome to Grammaropolis
... The adjective will fill my palette plenty Which one? What kind? How much? DESCRIBE how many! The words you think The thoughts you say Should never let your day go gray The world of words will help you paint the way VERSE 2 But it isn’t just nouns There are pronouns I’ve found Who need adjectives ...
... The adjective will fill my palette plenty Which one? What kind? How much? DESCRIBE how many! The words you think The thoughts you say Should never let your day go gray The world of words will help you paint the way VERSE 2 But it isn’t just nouns There are pronouns I’ve found Who need adjectives ...
Morpho-syntactic Lexical Generalization for CCG
... in Section 4, model the syntactic and semantic aspects of lexical entries that are shared within each word class. Previous approaches have also used hand-engineered lexical templates, as described in Section 2, but we differ by (1) using more templates allowing for more fine grained analysis and (2) ...
... in Section 4, model the syntactic and semantic aspects of lexical entries that are shared within each word class. Previous approaches have also used hand-engineered lexical templates, as described in Section 2, but we differ by (1) using more templates allowing for more fine grained analysis and (2) ...
Danish: An Essential Grammar
... of Danish structure that in our experience tend to pose special problems for learners whose first language is English. To help learners, most of the examples have been translated. The ‘new comma’, as recommended by the Danish National Language Council, has been used throughout. The book is largely t ...
... of Danish structure that in our experience tend to pose special problems for learners whose first language is English. To help learners, most of the examples have been translated. The ‘new comma’, as recommended by the Danish National Language Council, has been used throughout. The book is largely t ...
Morphological and Syntactic Analysis
... – Verbs: predicates of clauses. – Adverbs: modify verbs, usually as adjuncts (non-obligatory). – Prepositions: govern noun phrases, dictate their case, semantically modify their relation to verbs or other nouns. – Coordinating conjunctions (and, or, but). – Subordinating conjunctions (that): join de ...
... – Verbs: predicates of clauses. – Adverbs: modify verbs, usually as adjuncts (non-obligatory). – Prepositions: govern noun phrases, dictate their case, semantically modify their relation to verbs or other nouns. – Coordinating conjunctions (and, or, but). – Subordinating conjunctions (that): join de ...
Comparative Constructions II
... The boy who plays football is sick. A boy who plays football is sick. In Arabic, relative clauses modify definite nouns only. For example: ...
... The boy who plays football is sick. A boy who plays football is sick. In Arabic, relative clauses modify definite nouns only. For example: ...
THE SYNTAX-SEMANTICS INTERFACE
... constitute two autonomous systems. Indeed this is widely assumed to be the case, though not entirely uncontroversial, e.g. Montague Grammar (see article 19) and functional approaches (see article 11) don't subscribe to this hypothesis. Consider two arguments brought forth in favor of the assumption ...
... constitute two autonomous systems. Indeed this is widely assumed to be the case, though not entirely uncontroversial, e.g. Montague Grammar (see article 19) and functional approaches (see article 11) don't subscribe to this hypothesis. Consider two arguments brought forth in favor of the assumption ...
to-infinitive clauses
... 2. PPs functioning as Subject (5) 〔PP Under the stairs〕 was a safe area to be during the war. (5) Was under the stairs a safe area to be during the war? (6) 〔PP Outside the fridge〕 is a bad place to keep milk. (6) Is outside the fridge a bad place to keep milk? (7) 〔PP After Saturday〕 would be a goo ...
... 2. PPs functioning as Subject (5) 〔PP Under the stairs〕 was a safe area to be during the war. (5) Was under the stairs a safe area to be during the war? (6) 〔PP Outside the fridge〕 is a bad place to keep milk. (6) Is outside the fridge a bad place to keep milk? (7) 〔PP After Saturday〕 would be a goo ...
Orf, Amy - Ohio State University Knowledge Bank
... meaning, or "semantic bleaching," these main verbs may undergo other linguistic changes, including increased frequency, fixed word order, fusion, phonetic erosion, and decategorialization, or the loss of verbal characteristics. In addition, Heine argues that certain types of verbs tend to evolve int ...
... meaning, or "semantic bleaching," these main verbs may undergo other linguistic changes, including increased frequency, fixed word order, fusion, phonetic erosion, and decategorialization, or the loss of verbal characteristics. In addition, Heine argues that certain types of verbs tend to evolve int ...
Word-class-changing inflection and morphological theory
... all-or-nothing features. Some linguists (e.g. Dressler 1989, Luraghi 1994) have discussed inflection and derivation in terms of prototypicality, pointing out that some types of affixes are prototypically inflectional (e.g. case affixes and person/number agreement affixes), whereas others are prototy ...
... all-or-nothing features. Some linguists (e.g. Dressler 1989, Luraghi 1994) have discussed inflection and derivation in terms of prototypicality, pointing out that some types of affixes are prototypically inflectional (e.g. case affixes and person/number agreement affixes), whereas others are prototy ...
Case marking in infinitive (ad- form) clauses in Old Georgian1
... Non-finite forms in Modern Georgian include participles and masdars (verbnouns). Participles are declined as nouns, are formed from the finite forms of the verb, and usually they have the same functions as adjectives. Masdars are also case marked like nouns, but are formed from the finite forms of t ...
... Non-finite forms in Modern Georgian include participles and masdars (verbnouns). Participles are declined as nouns, are formed from the finite forms of the verb, and usually they have the same functions as adjectives. Masdars are also case marked like nouns, but are formed from the finite forms of t ...
Lisa filled water into the cup: The roles of
... Goldberg 2011, Goldberg 2011) have found evidence for this effect. The third mechanism that learners seem to use to acquire verbs’ argument structure restrictions is fit between verb and construction semantics. There exist both class-based and more probabilistic versions of this account (e.g. Pinker ...
... Goldberg 2011, Goldberg 2011) have found evidence for this effect. The third mechanism that learners seem to use to acquire verbs’ argument structure restrictions is fit between verb and construction semantics. There exist both class-based and more probabilistic versions of this account (e.g. Pinker ...
East Cree nominalizations: negotiating category1 - Marie
... (N=Noun; V=Verb; n/a: test not available; --no data) Like neighboring languages Innu and Naskapi, East Cree participles exhibit mixed verbal and nominal properties, but are even more limited in their nominal properties. They bear clear nominal morphology only in the locative, in the rare case when t ...
... (N=Noun; V=Verb; n/a: test not available; --no data) Like neighboring languages Innu and Naskapi, East Cree participles exhibit mixed verbal and nominal properties, but are even more limited in their nominal properties. They bear clear nominal morphology only in the locative, in the rare case when t ...
LOGIC, SYNTAX, AND GRAMMATICAL AGREEMENT* Geoffrey K
... [PER 2], and sometimes other person categories, to indicate various degrees of politeness or formality (four degrees in Japanese, for example); and the Algonquian and Athabaskan languages are well known to divide [PER 3] into subcategories of "obviation" (for example, in Potawatomi and Cree there a ...
... [PER 2], and sometimes other person categories, to indicate various degrees of politeness or formality (four degrees in Japanese, for example); and the Algonquian and Athabaskan languages are well known to divide [PER 3] into subcategories of "obviation" (for example, in Potawatomi and Cree there a ...
Kraken LATIN 1
... high age group—enjoy tales told in traditional norms (“Once upon a time there were three sons . . .“) with bizarre or random elements (thus my usage of camels, goats, etc.). Your job as the teacher is to make the Latin language come alive for your students; if they do not love it as you do (brace yo ...
... high age group—enjoy tales told in traditional norms (“Once upon a time there were three sons . . .“) with bizarre or random elements (thus my usage of camels, goats, etc.). Your job as the teacher is to make the Latin language come alive for your students; if they do not love it as you do (brace yo ...
null object constructions in standard spanish revisited* 111
... are variables, Campos analyzes a number of other possibilities. He considers that in a structure like (4b), the analysis of the empty category as fRQ must be discarded since e in that position is governed by the verb "traer'' and according to the PRO Theorem (Chomsky 1982:21) "PRO must be ungoverned ...
... are variables, Campos analyzes a number of other possibilities. He considers that in a structure like (4b), the analysis of the empty category as fRQ must be discarded since e in that position is governed by the verb "traer'' and according to the PRO Theorem (Chomsky 1982:21) "PRO must be ungoverned ...
Remarks on Denominal Verbs
... adopt the less surprising position that word meanings arise from the interaction of linguistic predispositions with empirical experience. This follows from their view that universal grammar specifies not word meanings themselves but rather principles constraining their construction. Of course, if th ...
... adopt the less surprising position that word meanings arise from the interaction of linguistic predispositions with empirical experience. This follows from their view that universal grammar specifies not word meanings themselves but rather principles constraining their construction. Of course, if th ...