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sentences: elements, patterns, types
sentences: elements, patterns, types

... Four basic patterns express thoughts in English sentences. As a business or professional writer, you’ll most often use Patterns 1, 2, and 3 because readers want to know the subject first. For variety and emphasis, however, you can use introductory elements and inverted order in Pattern 4. ...
Grammar Packet #1: The Present Participle
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Syntactic Deviations / Stylistic Variants in Poetry
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second exam1 - Philadelphia University Jordan

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on finiteness - Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics
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... this will be discussed in section 2. There are also many ‘fully-fledged’ languages without verb inflection, such as Chinese or Vietnamese. What is ‘finiteness’ in these languages? The same question may be asked for languages with a very rich inflection, such as all polysynthetic languages. The forme ...
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Chapter 2: Pluractionality in Hausa

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The Sentence - Olympic High School
The Sentence - Olympic High School

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Shurley Grammar Unit 4
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Subject, Topic and Topic Chain in Chinese
Subject, Topic and Topic Chain in Chinese

...  how they interact in the grammar of Chinese 2) Topic is realized as a discourse notion, but their discussion is still sentence-oriented. ...
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Portuguese grammar

Portuguese grammar, the morphology and syntax of the Portuguese language, is similar to the grammar of most other Romance languages—especially that of Spanish, and even more so to that of Galician. It is a relatively synthetic, fusional language.Nouns, adjectives, pronouns, and articles are moderately inflected: there are two genders (masculine and feminine) and two numbers (singular and plural). The case system of the ancestor language, Latin, has been lost, but personal pronouns are still declined with three main types of forms: subject, object of verb, and object of preposition. Most nouns and many adjectives can take diminutive or augmentative derivational suffixes, and most adjectives can take a so-called ""superlative"" derivational suffix. Adjectives usually follow the noun.Verbs are highly inflected: there are three tenses (past, present, future), three moods (indicative, subjunctive, imperative), three aspects (perfective, imperfective, and progressive), three voices (active, passive, reflexive), and an inflected infinitive. Most perfect and imperfect tenses are synthetic, totaling 11 conjugational paradigms, while all progressive tenses and passive constructions are periphrastic. As in other Romance languages, there is also an impersonal passive construction, with the agent replaced by an indefinite pronoun. Portuguese is basically an SVO language, although SOV syntax may occur with a few object pronouns, and word order is generally not as rigid as in English. It is a null subject language, with a tendency to drop object pronouns as well, in colloquial varieties. Like Spanish, it has two main copular verbs: ser and estar.It has a number of grammatical features that distinguish it from most other Romance languages, such as a synthetic pluperfect, a future subjunctive tense, the inflected infinitive, and a present perfect with an iterative sense. A rare feature of Portuguese is mesoclisis, the infixing of clitic pronouns in some verbal forms.
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