009_namingaddressing
... PROM). This is the normal link source address used by an interface. A computer sends all packets which it creates with its own hardware source link address, and receives all packets which match the same hardware address in the destination field or one (or more) pre-selected broadcast/multicast addre ...
... PROM). This is the normal link source address used by an interface. A computer sends all packets which it creates with its own hardware source link address, and receives all packets which match the same hardware address in the destination field or one (or more) pre-selected broadcast/multicast addre ...
ppt
... • Mark frames with special bit sequence • must ensure data containing this sequence can be transmitted • example: suppose 11111111 is a special sequence. • transmitter inserts a 0 when this appears in the data: ...
... • Mark frames with special bit sequence • must ensure data containing this sequence can be transmitted • example: suppose 11111111 is a special sequence. • transmitter inserts a 0 when this appears in the data: ...
Fundamentals of Computer Networks ECE 478/578
... Keeping the address registries up to date What about mergers and acquisitions? Delegation of address blocks to customers? As a result, the registries are horribly out of date ...
... Keeping the address registries up to date What about mergers and acquisitions? Delegation of address blocks to customers? As a result, the registries are horribly out of date ...
PowerPoint - ECSE - Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
... transmit; all packets above this rate are dropped A user may transmit an unbounded number of simultaneous frames at the rate PIR. The DE bit if set does not guarantee that the packet will be dropped, but assigns it a higher effective drop probability during congestion The frame-relay rec ...
... transmit; all packets above this rate are dropped A user may transmit an unbounded number of simultaneous frames at the rate PIR. The DE bit if set does not guarantee that the packet will be dropped, but assigns it a higher effective drop probability during congestion The frame-relay rec ...
Slide 1
... (MAC) layer. The MAC layer interfaces directly with the network medium. Consequently, each different type of network medium requires a different MAC layer. • On networks that do not conform to the IEEE 802 standards but do conform to the OSI Reference Model, the node address is called the Data Link ...
... (MAC) layer. The MAC layer interfaces directly with the network medium. Consequently, each different type of network medium requires a different MAC layer. • On networks that do not conform to the IEEE 802 standards but do conform to the OSI Reference Model, the node address is called the Data Link ...
3rd Edition, Chapter 5 - Northwestern Networks Group
... … physical-layer (“dumb”) repeaters: bits coming in one link go out all other links at same rate all nodes connected to hub can collide with one another no frame buffering no CSMA/CD at hub: host NICs detect collisions ...
... … physical-layer (“dumb”) repeaters: bits coming in one link go out all other links at same rate all nodes connected to hub can collide with one another no frame buffering no CSMA/CD at hub: host NICs detect collisions ...
Chapter 18 - William Stallings, Data and Computer
... sent alerting the receiver that the ACK is lost and be resent. Keep-Alive timer: used in most implementations to prevent long idle connection, each time one end receive segment from other side, timer is reset, otherwise (after 2H) a probe is sent, after several probes terminates the connection. ...
... sent alerting the receiver that the ACK is lost and be resent. Keep-Alive timer: used in most implementations to prevent long idle connection, each time one end receive segment from other side, timer is reset, otherwise (after 2H) a probe is sent, after several probes terminates the connection. ...
FINS Omron on TCP/IP - Platforma Internetowa ASTOR.
... The applicom® client mode can be used to send several requests simultaneously to an equipment before having received the first response: this operation is called multirequest. To send several requests simultaneously, several connections are used. Each request is sent on a virtual communication chann ...
... The applicom® client mode can be used to send several requests simultaneously to an equipment before having received the first response: this operation is called multirequest. To send several requests simultaneously, several connections are used. Each request is sent on a virtual communication chann ...
$doc.title
... – Robust to changes in IP address, and disconnecTons – E.g., e-‐mail client contacTng the e-‐mail server – … and allowing reading/wriTng while disconnected ...
... – Robust to changes in IP address, and disconnecTons – E.g., e-‐mail client contacTng the e-‐mail server – … and allowing reading/wriTng while disconnected ...
ppt
... • Update the switches – Hosts retain their addresses – Switches rewrite the addresses, or encapsulate – Used in some data-center networks ...
... • Update the switches – Hosts retain their addresses – Switches rewrite the addresses, or encapsulate – Used in some data-center networks ...
Communication - Princeton CS
... • Update the switches – Hosts retain their addresses – Switches rewrite the addresses, or encapsulate – Used in some data-center networks ...
... • Update the switches – Hosts retain their addresses – Switches rewrite the addresses, or encapsulate – Used in some data-center networks ...
Multiple Access Protocols Link Layer Addressing
... carrier sensing: easy in some technologies (wire), hard in others (wireless) CSMA/CD used in Ethernet ...
... carrier sensing: easy in some technologies (wire), hard in others (wireless) CSMA/CD used in Ethernet ...
Networking Concepts
... devices on a local area network (LAN) or between two or more LANs • There are three basic network topologies: 1. the bus 2. the star 3. the ring ...
... devices on a local area network (LAN) or between two or more LANs • There are three basic network topologies: 1. the bus 2. the star 3. the ring ...
ppt
... – If someone else starts talking at the same time, stop – Realizing when two nodes are transmitting at once – …by detecting that the data on the wire is garbled ...
... – If someone else starts talking at the same time, stop – Realizing when two nodes are transmitting at once – …by detecting that the data on the wire is garbled ...
Com811: Building The Mobile Internet
... moving through differing types of access network. e.g. from Wi Fi to Cellular, or between different operators. • What we need is a ‘New Internet’ ...
... moving through differing types of access network. e.g. from Wi Fi to Cellular, or between different operators. • What we need is a ‘New Internet’ ...
Chapter 1
... moving through differing types of access network. e.g. from Wi Fi to Cellular, or between different operators. • What we need is a ‘New Internet’ ...
... moving through differing types of access network. e.g. from Wi Fi to Cellular, or between different operators. • What we need is a ‘New Internet’ ...
COS
461:
Computer
Networks
Midterm
Review Spring
2011
... – B only responds with one CTS (say, echo ing A s RTS) – C detects that CTS doesn t match and won t send ...
... – B only responds with one CTS (say, echo ing A s RTS) – C detects that CTS doesn t match and won t send ...
Ch08
... • To provide a trace of the path the packet took to reach the destination. • Operates by first sending out a packet with a Time To Live (TTL) of 1. The first hop then sends back an ICMP error message indicating that the packet could not be forwarded because the TTL expired. • The packet is then rese ...
... • To provide a trace of the path the packet took to reach the destination. • Operates by first sending out a packet with a Time To Live (TTL) of 1. The first hop then sends back an ICMP error message indicating that the packet could not be forwarded because the TTL expired. • The packet is then rese ...
Internet Protocols - NYU Computer Science Department
... system (one to which we are connected) We would like to send an IP packet to that system. The link layer (ethernet, for instance) only knows about MAC addresses! How do we determine the MAC address associated with the IP address? ...
... system (one to which we are connected) We would like to send an IP packet to that system. The link layer (ethernet, for instance) only knows about MAC addresses! How do we determine the MAC address associated with the IP address? ...
CSC 311 Fragmentation
... Header Length: number of 32 bit words in the packet header Type of Service: packet handling requests. More recently QofS issues addressed by complex protocols. Packet Length: length of entire packet Identification, Flags, Fragment Offset: used in fragmentation Time to Live: max. time for packet to r ...
... Header Length: number of 32 bit words in the packet header Type of Service: packet handling requests. More recently QofS issues addressed by complex protocols. Packet Length: length of entire packet Identification, Flags, Fragment Offset: used in fragmentation Time to Live: max. time for packet to r ...
computer network - model test paper
... CSMA/CD is what Ethernet uses to control access to the network medium (network cable). If there is no data, any node may attempt to transmit, if the nodes detect a collision, both stop transmitting and wait a random amount of time before retransmitting the data. The original 802.3 standard is 10 Mbp ...
... CSMA/CD is what Ethernet uses to control access to the network medium (network cable). If there is no data, any node may attempt to transmit, if the nodes detect a collision, both stop transmitting and wait a random amount of time before retransmitting the data. The original 802.3 standard is 10 Mbp ...
The Data Link Layer
... – No connection required but each frame is individually acknowledged – Useful for unreliable channel, such as wireless systems. – Transport layer may do message recovery but is more expensive than frame recovery at data link layer ...
... – No connection required but each frame is individually acknowledged – Useful for unreliable channel, such as wireless systems. – Transport layer may do message recovery but is more expensive than frame recovery at data link layer ...
View File - UET Taxila
... (65,536 addresses). The ISP needs to distribute these addresses to three groups of customers as follows: a. The first group has 64 customers; each needs 256 addresses. b. The second group has 128 customers; each needs 128 addresses. c. The third group has 128 customers; each needs 64 addresses. Desi ...
... (65,536 addresses). The ISP needs to distribute these addresses to three groups of customers as follows: a. The first group has 64 customers; each needs 256 addresses. b. The second group has 128 customers; each needs 128 addresses. c. The third group has 128 customers; each needs 64 addresses. Desi ...
TCP/IP For Security Administrators
... Block all in/out where SA | DA in RFC1918 or APIPA Block all source-routed datagrams Block all datagram fragments ...
... Block all in/out where SA | DA in RFC1918 or APIPA Block all source-routed datagrams Block all datagram fragments ...
I²C
I²C (Inter-Integrated Circuit), pronounced I-squared-C, is a multi-master, multi-slave, single-ended, serial computer bus invented by Philips Semiconductor (now NXP Semiconductors). It is typically used for attaching lower-speed peripheral ICs to processors and microcontrollers. Alternatively I²C is spelled I2C (pronounced I-two-C) or IIC (pronounced I-I-C). Since October 10, 2006, no licensing fees are required to implement the I²C protocol. However, fees are still required to obtain I²C slave addresses allocated by NXP.Several competitors, such as Siemens AG (later Infineon Technologies AG, now Intel mobile communications), NEC, Texas Instruments, STMicroelectronics (formerly SGS-Thomson), Motorola (later Freescale), and Intersil, have introduced compatible I²C products to the market since the mid-1990s.SMBus, defined by Intel in 1995, is a subset of I²C that defines the protocols more strictly. One purpose of SMBus is to promote robustness and interoperability. Accordingly, modern I²C systems incorporate policies and rules from SMBus, sometimes supporting both I²C and SMBus, requiring only minimal reconfiguration.