HDLC and PPP
... High-Level Data Link Control (HDLC) • HDLC was defined by ISO for use on both pointto-point and multipoint data links. • It supports full-duplex communication • Other similar protocols are – Synchronous Data Link Control (SDLC) by IBM – Advanced Data Communication Control Procedure (ADCCP) by ANSI ...
... High-Level Data Link Control (HDLC) • HDLC was defined by ISO for use on both pointto-point and multipoint data links. • It supports full-duplex communication • Other similar protocols are – Synchronous Data Link Control (SDLC) by IBM – Advanced Data Communication Control Procedure (ADCCP) by ANSI ...
II. General presentation of Voice over IP
... interconnection schema, thus a MASTER initiates a bus cycle to a target SLAVE. The target SLAVE then participates in one or more bus cycles with the MASTER. An arbiter (not shown in the Figure) determines when a MASTER may gain access to the shared bus. The main advantage to this technique is that s ...
... interconnection schema, thus a MASTER initiates a bus cycle to a target SLAVE. The target SLAVE then participates in one or more bus cycles with the MASTER. An arbiter (not shown in the Figure) determines when a MASTER may gain access to the shared bus. The main advantage to this technique is that s ...
Chapter 15 - William Stallings, Data and Computer
... optical fiber may be used out to 500m physically star, logically bus transmission from a station seen by all others if two stations transmit at the same time have a collision ...
... optical fiber may be used out to 500m physically star, logically bus transmission from a station seen by all others if two stations transmit at the same time have a collision ...
d - CSIE -NCKU
... grouping the n-bit key into m-bit hash result through a simple process XORing every n/m key bits into a final hash bit. Such a random XORing process (so-called“group-XOR” in this paper) may not always lead to a desirable outcome. ...
... grouping the n-bit key into m-bit hash result through a simple process XORing every n/m key bits into a final hash bit. Such a random XORing process (so-called“group-XOR” in this paper) may not always lead to a desirable outcome. ...
Bridges
... optical fiber may be used out to 500m physically star, logically bus transmission from a station seen by all others if two stations transmit at the same time have a collision ...
... optical fiber may be used out to 500m physically star, logically bus transmission from a station seen by all others if two stations transmit at the same time have a collision ...
Document
... At t = 0 A transmits. At t = 576 , A would finish transmitting. In the worst case, B begins transmitting at time t = 224 . At time t = 224 + 225 = 449 B 's first bit arrives at A . Because 449 < 576 , A aborts before completing the transmission of the packet, as it is supposed to do. Thus A cannot f ...
... At t = 0 A transmits. At t = 576 , A would finish transmitting. In the worst case, B begins transmitting at time t = 224 . At time t = 224 + 225 = 449 B 's first bit arrives at A . Because 449 < 576 , A aborts before completing the transmission of the packet, as it is supposed to do. Thus A cannot f ...
Network Layer (Part IV) - SI-35-02
... • When a DHCP client boots, it enters an initialize state. It sends DHCPDISCOVER broadcast messages, which are UDP packets with the port number set to the BOOTP port. • After sending the DHCPDISCOVER packets, the client moves into the select state and collects DHCPOFFER responses from ...
... • When a DHCP client boots, it enters an initialize state. It sends DHCPDISCOVER broadcast messages, which are UDP packets with the port number set to the BOOTP port. • After sending the DHCPDISCOVER packets, the client moves into the select state and collects DHCPOFFER responses from ...
Q and A slides
... Q: Did it use a lot more memory to start storing a 32 bit mask along with every 32 IP address? A: The question is, where is this extra memory required? The IP packet header didn’t change at all. Routing tables didn’t change either – because subnetting was available before CIDR. The only thing that c ...
... Q: Did it use a lot more memory to start storing a 32 bit mask along with every 32 IP address? A: The question is, where is this extra memory required? The IP packet header didn’t change at all. Routing tables didn’t change either – because subnetting was available before CIDR. The only thing that c ...
Marks for each part of each question are
... be received correctly so that we can correctly recover the bit. Clearly this scheme is using 8 times the capacity, hence the bandwidth, of a conventional modulation scheme. By varying the chipping ratio we can spread the signal over an arbitrary bandwidth. b) i) The sequence 1010 1110 0011 0111 1111 ...
... be received correctly so that we can correctly recover the bit. Clearly this scheme is using 8 times the capacity, hence the bandwidth, of a conventional modulation scheme. By varying the chipping ratio we can spread the signal over an arbitrary bandwidth. b) i) The sequence 1010 1110 0011 0111 1111 ...
Ch_19 - UCF EECS
... finally mentions some security issues in IPv4, which are addressed in Chapter 32. The second section discusses ICMPv4, one of the auxiliary protocols used in the network layer to help IPv4. First, it briefly discusses the purpose of each option. The section then shows how ICMP can be used as a deb ...
... finally mentions some security issues in IPv4, which are addressed in Chapter 32. The second section discusses ICMPv4, one of the auxiliary protocols used in the network layer to help IPv4. First, it briefly discusses the purpose of each option. The section then shows how ICMP can be used as a deb ...
ppt for Chapters 1-5 - Computer and Information Sciences
... Figure 2.2 Format of an Ethernet Frame From the incoming packet final router knows the destination IP address. ...
... Figure 2.2 Format of an Ethernet Frame From the incoming packet final router knows the destination IP address. ...
Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)
... Sender reduces window by half, the ssthresh is set to half of current window, and congestion avoidance is performed (window increases only by 1 every round-trip time) Fast recovery ensures that pipe does not become empty Window cut-down to 1 (and subsequent slowstart) performed only on time-out ...
... Sender reduces window by half, the ssthresh is set to half of current window, and congestion avoidance is performed (window increases only by 1 every round-trip time) Fast recovery ensures that pipe does not become empty Window cut-down to 1 (and subsequent slowstart) performed only on time-out ...
Solution
... finally mentions some security issues in IPv4, which are addressed in Chapter 32. The second section discusses ICMPv4, one of the auxiliary protocols used in the network layer to help IPv4. First, it briefly discusses the purpose of each option. The section then shows how ICMP can be used as a deb ...
... finally mentions some security issues in IPv4, which are addressed in Chapter 32. The second section discusses ICMPv4, one of the auxiliary protocols used in the network layer to help IPv4. First, it briefly discusses the purpose of each option. The section then shows how ICMP can be used as a deb ...
LANs - UQAC
... no encapsulation (if only on bridge is used) exact bitwise copy of frame buffering to meet peak demand contains routing and address “intelligence” may connect more than two LANs bridging is transparent to stations ...
... no encapsulation (if only on bridge is used) exact bitwise copy of frame buffering to meet peak demand contains routing and address “intelligence” may connect more than two LANs bridging is transparent to stations ...
Module 1 - IT, Sligo
... • Eliminates re-assigning each host a new IP address when changing to a new ISP • Eliminates the need to re-address all hosts that require external access, saving time and money • Conserves addresses through application port-level multiplexing • Protects network security ...
... • Eliminates re-assigning each host a new IP address when changing to a new ISP • Eliminates the need to re-address all hosts that require external access, saving time and money • Conserves addresses through application port-level multiplexing • Protects network security ...
BCS THE CHARTERED INSTITUTE FOR IT COMPUTER NETWORKS BCS HIGHER EDUCATION QUALIFICATIONS
... Wide Area Network (WAN) encapsulation protocols are used when connecting a router to an externally provided WAN service. These protocols are based on the High Level Data Link Control (HDLC) in which each message starts and ends with the unique flag sequence of 01111110. In order to prevent this flag ...
... Wide Area Network (WAN) encapsulation protocols are used when connecting a router to an externally provided WAN service. These protocols are based on the High Level Data Link Control (HDLC) in which each message starts and ends with the unique flag sequence of 01111110. In order to prevent this flag ...
3.1 Introduction to ARP
... 3.4 ARP Related Issues • ARP requests contain the device's IP/physical address pair, so the destination host and other hosts on the physical network can note them in their tables. • ARP cache to reduce ARP broadcast (high cost because all hosts need to process). Entries in the cache can be updated. ...
... 3.4 ARP Related Issues • ARP requests contain the device's IP/physical address pair, so the destination host and other hosts on the physical network can note them in their tables. • ARP cache to reduce ARP broadcast (high cost because all hosts need to process). Entries in the cache can be updated. ...
IP over InfiniBand: Connected Mode
... Service ID of: 1:Protocol or FF:0:0:0:0:0:0 – Protocol indicates IPv4 or IPv6 – FF indicates both IPv4 and IPv6 packets will use this connection – Private Data includes the IP address that was resolved ...
... Service ID of: 1:Protocol or FF:0:0:0:0:0:0 – Protocol indicates IPv4 or IPv6 – FF indicates both IPv4 and IPv6 packets will use this connection – Private Data includes the IP address that was resolved ...
in NAT translation table
... • Motivation: local network uses just one IP address as far as outside world is concerned: – no need to be allocated range of addresses from ISP: just one IP address is used for all devices – can change addresses of devices in local network without notifying outside world – can change ISP without ch ...
... • Motivation: local network uses just one IP address as far as outside world is concerned: – no need to be allocated range of addresses from ISP: just one IP address is used for all devices – can change addresses of devices in local network without notifying outside world – can change ISP without ch ...
Ethernet
... Many E-net technologies (cable, fiber etc). But they all share common characteristics Original Metcalfe design that led to the 10Base5 Ethernet standard (mid 1970s) Ethernet could use either a bus or a star topology 5: Link Layer and Local Area Networks ...
... Many E-net technologies (cable, fiber etc). But they all share common characteristics Original Metcalfe design that led to the 10Base5 Ethernet standard (mid 1970s) Ethernet could use either a bus or a star topology 5: Link Layer and Local Area Networks ...
CISC6725, Data Comm. and Network
... Why? In the Ethernet frame (containing the IP datagram destined to B) that is delivered to router R1, what are the source and destination IP and MAC addresses? c. Suppose Host A would like to send an IP datagram to Host B, and neither A’s ARP cache contains B’s MAC address nor does B’s ARP cache con ...
... Why? In the Ethernet frame (containing the IP datagram destined to B) that is delivered to router R1, what are the source and destination IP and MAC addresses? c. Suppose Host A would like to send an IP datagram to Host B, and neither A’s ARP cache contains B’s MAC address nor does B’s ARP cache con ...
Discovery 2 Chapter 4 2008
... • Inside hosts have private IP – Only devices that connect directly to Internet have a public IP – Consumer ISR/Routers give out private addresses ...
... • Inside hosts have private IP – Only devices that connect directly to Internet have a public IP – Consumer ISR/Routers give out private addresses ...
PPT - Pages
... – Tunneling adds (of course) processing overhead – Tunneling increases the packet length, which may cause fragmentation • BIG hit in performance in most systems • Tunneling in effect reduces the MTU of the path, but endpoints often do not know this ...
... – Tunneling adds (of course) processing overhead – Tunneling increases the packet length, which may cause fragmentation • BIG hit in performance in most systems • Tunneling in effect reduces the MTU of the path, but endpoints often do not know this ...
IP Network Addressing
... translation, because if the processor gets too busy, packets will be lost. Set all three Display Option check boxes (to select to see packets in real time). Press Start (and if necessary, Continue without Saving) The sniffer is now started and we need to generate data to observe. At the DOS command ...
... translation, because if the processor gets too busy, packets will be lost. Set all three Display Option check boxes (to select to see packets in real time). Press Start (and if necessary, Continue without Saving) The sniffer is now started and we need to generate data to observe. At the DOS command ...
I²C
I²C (Inter-Integrated Circuit), pronounced I-squared-C, is a multi-master, multi-slave, single-ended, serial computer bus invented by Philips Semiconductor (now NXP Semiconductors). It is typically used for attaching lower-speed peripheral ICs to processors and microcontrollers. Alternatively I²C is spelled I2C (pronounced I-two-C) or IIC (pronounced I-I-C). Since October 10, 2006, no licensing fees are required to implement the I²C protocol. However, fees are still required to obtain I²C slave addresses allocated by NXP.Several competitors, such as Siemens AG (later Infineon Technologies AG, now Intel mobile communications), NEC, Texas Instruments, STMicroelectronics (formerly SGS-Thomson), Motorola (later Freescale), and Intersil, have introduced compatible I²C products to the market since the mid-1990s.SMBus, defined by Intel in 1995, is a subset of I²C that defines the protocols more strictly. One purpose of SMBus is to promote robustness and interoperability. Accordingly, modern I²C systems incorporate policies and rules from SMBus, sometimes supporting both I²C and SMBus, requiring only minimal reconfiguration.