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3rd Edition, Chapter 5
3rd Edition, Chapter 5

...  we learned how to do this already (chapter 3)!  seldom used on low bit error link (i.e. fiber, some twisted pair)  wireless links: high error rates • Q: why both link-level and end-end reliability? 5: DataLink Layer ...
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... segments may be:  lost  delivered out of order to app  connectionless:  no handshaking between UDP sender, receiver  each UDP segment handled independently of others ...
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... enhanced if it takes into account the nature of the network environment in which it is applied.  Discusses the transport layer protocols that were designed specifically for ad hoc wireless networks.  Even though interworking with TCP is very important, there exist several application scenarios suc ...
LNET Fine Grained Routing - paper
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... the Cray High Speed Network (HSN) (where the compute node Lustre clients exist) and the Infiniband (IB) network (where the Lustre servers exist). LNET router nodes are then a pool of available resources that provide data connectivity between the two different physical networks. B. Flat LNET In a tra ...
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... Tuning is critical for achieving optimal performance Don’t run “out of the box”. 66% improvement after (minimal) tuning ...
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... MIP agent deliver packets to MNs through link-layer connectivity; however in ad hoc network, its multihop functionality need to use layer-3 identifier. On gateway, the ad hoc routing protocol must be used instead of MIP forwarding. ...
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... 3.1 The Ethernet port shall comply with the requirements of the IEEE 802.3 10/100Base-T standard. 3.2 The Ethernet port shall include LED indicators for Link status and 10/100 speed status. 4.0 Processor 4.1 Each node shall have sufficient processing power to merge up to four (4) incoming DMX univer ...
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... inspected. However, some malwares have been reported to detect these VM environments [8]. With either bare-metal machines or virtual machines, it is very hard to enumerate the Storm network: (i) only a few of the Storm nodes are controlled, and (ii) only a partial view of the network is obtained. ...
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... Class C – Continuously listening ......................................................................................... 70 17 Class C: Continuously listening end-device................................................................ 71 17.1 Second receive window duration for Class C ............. ...
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...  Big delays when the incoming rate to a router is near to the link capability.  The tx must retx the lost segments due to the router overflow.  Unnecessary BW is used for the retx of duplicated copies of segments (due to delays).  Upstream transmission capacity used for a packet is wasted when i ...
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... DCF mode poses significant challenges, because the performance characteristics of their physical and MAC layers are much worse than their wireline counterparts. The voice capacity of a WLAN, which is defined as the maximum number of voice connections that can be supported with satisfactory userperce ...
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... • Originally built for the simulation of fixed networks • OPNET contains a huge library of accurate models from commercially available fixed network hardware and protocols • The possibilities for wireless network simulations are also wide in the recent versions • Accurate radio transmission pipeline ...
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... CSMA with Collision detection  CSMA with Collision detection (CD) = CSMA/CD  CSMA protocols are clearly improved over ALOHA  CSMA protocols can improve if stations abort their transmission as soon as they detect a collision.  Used with LANs. In CSMA/CD, when a station detects a collision, it s ...
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... After 3 duplicate RNs are received the packet is retransmitted After retransmission, continue to send new data ...
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... Provide connected routes between different VLANs Cost effectively integrate external routers into switching architecture by using one or more high speed backbone connection like: – Fast Ethernet, or ATM connection • Increasing the throughput between switches and routers • Consolidating number of phy ...
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CAN bus

A controller area network (CAN bus) is a vehicle bus standard designed to allow microcontrollers and devices to communicate with each other in applications without a host computer. It is a message-based protocol, designed originally for multiplex electrical wiring within automobiles, but is also used in many other contexts.Development of the CAN bus started in 1983 at Robert Bosch GmbH. The protocol was officially released in 1986 at the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) congress in Detroit, Michigan. The first CAN controller chips, produced by Intel and Philips, came on the market in 1987. The 1988 BMW 8 Series was the first production vehicle to feature a CAN-based multiplex wiring system.Bosch published several versions of the CAN specification and the latest is CAN 2.0 published in 1991. This specification has two parts; part A is for the standard format with an 11-bit identifier, and part B is for the extended format with a 29-bit identifier. A CAN device that uses 11-bit identifiers is commonly called CAN 2.0A and a CAN device that uses 29-bit identifiers is commonly called CAN 2.0B. These standards are freely available from Bosch along with other specifications and white papers.In 1993 the International Organization for Standardization released the CAN standard ISO 11898 which was later restructured into two parts; ISO 11898-1 which covers the data link layer, and ISO 11898-2 which covers the CAN physical layer for high-speed CAN. ISO 11898-3 was released later and covers the CAN physical layer for low-speed, fault-tolerant CAN. The physical layer standards ISO 11898-2 and ISO 11898-3 are not part of the Bosch CAN 2.0 specification. These standards may be purchased from the International Organization for Standardization (ISO).CAN in Automation (CiA) also published CAN standards; CAN Specification 2.0 part A and part B, but their status is now obsolete (superseded by ISO 11898-1).Bosch is still active in extending the CAN standards. In 2012 Bosch released CAN FD 1.0 or CAN with Flexible Data-Rate. This specification uses a different frame format that allows a different data length as well as optionally switching to a faster bit rate after the arbitration is decided. CAN FD is compatible with existing CAN 2.0 networks so new CAN FD devices can coexist on the same network with existing CAN devices.CAN bus is one of five protocols used in the on-board diagnostics (OBD)-II vehicle diagnostics standard. The OBD-II standard has been mandatory for all cars and light trucks sold in the United States since 1996, and the EOBD standard has been mandatory for all petrol vehicles sold in the European Union since 2001 and all diesel vehicles since 2004.
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