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Opportunistic Routing in Multi
Opportunistic Routing in Multi

... candidate subset of all its neighboring nodes which could bring the packet closer to the destination. The sender lists this set in the packet header, prioritized by distance, as depicted in Figure 3. After transmission, each node that receives the packet looks for its address in the candidate list i ...
7. Medium Access Control Sublayer (17.3.) File
7. Medium Access Control Sublayer (17.3.) File

... NAV = channel not available ...
投影片 1
投影片 1

Network Layer
Network Layer

ap 12
ap 12

... Used to adapt higher-layer WAP protocol to the communication mechanism used between mobile node and WAP gateway WDP hides details of the various bearer networks from the other layers of WAP Adaptation may include: ...
Mobile IP and Wireless Application Protocol
Mobile IP and Wireless Application Protocol

Security in Computing - Pravin Shetty > Resume
Security in Computing - Pravin Shetty > Resume

... datagram, the router performs routine modifications to the IP datagram header, and sometimes fragments a datagram into several smaller ones (when the length exceeds a limit allowed by the underlying data link layer). No need to suspect message alteration, but techniques such as check sum are not ...
IMPORTANT QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
IMPORTANT QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

... the other end. Furthermore, all this must be done efficiently and in a way that isolates the upper layers from the inevitable changes in the hardware technology. The transport layer also determines what type of service to provide to the session layer, and, ultimately, to the users of the network. Th ...
Network layer (IP)
Network layer (IP)

... without notifying outside world  can change ISP without changing addresses of devices in local network  devices inside local net not explicitly addressable, visible by outside world (a security plus). ...
attacks in mobile adhoc networks: a survey
attacks in mobile adhoc networks: a survey

... to what effect it has on the state of the network as a whole. The effects can be measured in terms of route discovery failure, energy consumption, link breakage, initiating route discovery and so on. This layer suffers from basically two types of attacks [6,7]: a. MAC Misbehavior Attack MAC misbehav ...
Practice questions for exam
Practice questions for exam

... 73. Assume two hosts, A - 10.1.2.1/24 and B – 10.1.3.1/24 are connected through a switch. Can they communicate? If not, troubleshoot the problem. 74. List some basic functions performed at the MAC layer. 75. What is CSMA/CD. 76. What is the difference between an interior router protocol and an exte ...
TERMINOLOGIES
TERMINOLOGIES

... -The hardware communication interface (circuit board) required for the DTE (workstation, PC) to access the network. ...
P2P Lecture
P2P Lecture

... might ask, "Do you have any content that matches the string ‘Hey Jude"? • Peers check to see if they have matches & respond (if they have any matches) & send packet to connected peers • Continues for TTL (how many hops a packet can go before it dies ) Step 3: Downloading • Peers respond with a “Quer ...
from polyu.edu.hk - Department of Electronic and Information
from polyu.edu.hk - Department of Electronic and Information

... Music data for the selected compositions are sourced from the internet and are provided in MIDI (Musical Instrument Digital Interface) format. The MIDI format file stores music information in digital forms that can facilitate repeated performance at later times [14]. Referring to Table 2, tick n is ...
3rd Edition, Chapter 5
3rd Edition, Chapter 5

...  seldom used on low bit-error link (fiber, some twisted pair)  wireless links: high error rates • Q: why both link-level and end-end reliability? ...
WINE (IST-1999
WINE (IST-1999

... version” of other routing protocols If the routing protocol has some other mutable information, intermediate nodes that mutate part of the messages also have to sign it. Dynamic Source Routing (DSR) has been used as an example for other routing protocols DSR includes in its routing message the IP ad ...
SLALoM : A Scalable Location Management Scheme for Large Ad
SLALoM : A Scalable Location Management Scheme for Large Ad

... incur large overheads due to routing table maintenance Delayed topology updates can cause loops ...
Active Networks
Active Networks

... Security cannot be limited to peripheral nodes. Possible threats: Overload based Denial of Service Unauthorized access to the exposed control plane. Secure Node doesn’t mean Secure Network. ...
Gateway
Gateway

... repeater or an active hub. Those which operate at the physical and data link layers such as bridge or two-layer switch. Those which operate at the physical, data link and network layers such as the router or three-layer switch. Those which can operate at all five layers such as the gateway. ...
Introduction to Using OPNET Modeler
Introduction to Using OPNET Modeler

... Bus; Ring; Star; Tree; Unconnected Net; Mesh (Full or Randomized) • You control the number of nodes, the node and link models used, how nodes will be arranged, and node locations within the workspace ...
IEEE Paper Template in A4 (V1)
IEEE Paper Template in A4 (V1)

... algorithm used is Distance Vector Routing (DVR) algorithm [2,7]. Routing Information Protocol (RIP) is one of the simplest implementation of DVR but there are some problems with RIP[5].one of them is count to infinity. Many solutions are provided for this problem like split horizon and poison revers ...
EEE521 - Universiti Sains Malaysia
EEE521 - Universiti Sains Malaysia

... B: The Network Layer in the destination station announces to the network that it is the right receiver C: The Network Layer of the sending station adds to a header to the data segment. The header includes the IP addresses of the sender and the receiver. D: The Network Layers in the intermediate node ...
document
document

...  bits coming from one link go out all other links  at the same rate  no frame buffering  no CSMA/CD at hub: adapters detect collisions  provides net management functionality ...
MORA: a movement-based routing algorithm for ad hoc networks
MORA: a movement-based routing algorithm for ad hoc networks

Data Link Protocols TCP/IP Suite and OSI Reference
Data Link Protocols TCP/IP Suite and OSI Reference

... Switched networks • Some data link technologies can be used to build complete networks, with their own addressing, routing, and forwarding mechanisms. These networks are often called switched networks. • At the IP layer, a switched network may like a point-topoint link or like a broadcast link ...
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CAN bus

A controller area network (CAN bus) is a vehicle bus standard designed to allow microcontrollers and devices to communicate with each other in applications without a host computer. It is a message-based protocol, designed originally for multiplex electrical wiring within automobiles, but is also used in many other contexts.Development of the CAN bus started in 1983 at Robert Bosch GmbH. The protocol was officially released in 1986 at the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) congress in Detroit, Michigan. The first CAN controller chips, produced by Intel and Philips, came on the market in 1987. The 1988 BMW 8 Series was the first production vehicle to feature a CAN-based multiplex wiring system.Bosch published several versions of the CAN specification and the latest is CAN 2.0 published in 1991. This specification has two parts; part A is for the standard format with an 11-bit identifier, and part B is for the extended format with a 29-bit identifier. A CAN device that uses 11-bit identifiers is commonly called CAN 2.0A and a CAN device that uses 29-bit identifiers is commonly called CAN 2.0B. These standards are freely available from Bosch along with other specifications and white papers.In 1993 the International Organization for Standardization released the CAN standard ISO 11898 which was later restructured into two parts; ISO 11898-1 which covers the data link layer, and ISO 11898-2 which covers the CAN physical layer for high-speed CAN. ISO 11898-3 was released later and covers the CAN physical layer for low-speed, fault-tolerant CAN. The physical layer standards ISO 11898-2 and ISO 11898-3 are not part of the Bosch CAN 2.0 specification. These standards may be purchased from the International Organization for Standardization (ISO).CAN in Automation (CiA) also published CAN standards; CAN Specification 2.0 part A and part B, but their status is now obsolete (superseded by ISO 11898-1).Bosch is still active in extending the CAN standards. In 2012 Bosch released CAN FD 1.0 or CAN with Flexible Data-Rate. This specification uses a different frame format that allows a different data length as well as optionally switching to a faster bit rate after the arbitration is decided. CAN FD is compatible with existing CAN 2.0 networks so new CAN FD devices can coexist on the same network with existing CAN devices.CAN bus is one of five protocols used in the on-board diagnostics (OBD)-II vehicle diagnostics standard. The OBD-II standard has been mandatory for all cars and light trucks sold in the United States since 1996, and the EOBD standard has been mandatory for all petrol vehicles sold in the European Union since 2001 and all diesel vehicles since 2004.
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