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الشريحة 1
الشريحة 1

... electromagnetic spectrum and it includes the colors commonly observed (red, yellow, green, blue and violet). -The visible spectrum consists of electromagnetic radiation whose wavelengths range from 400 nm to nearly 800 nm ...
Chemistry - El Camino College
Chemistry - El Camino College

... C. Two major types of ______ join atoms: ionic and covalent bonds 1. ______ Bond - very strong attraction between negatively and positively charged ions a. In ionic reactions, atoms give or take _________ to get a full outer electron orbital b. Oppositely charged ions are strongly attracted to each ...
7.1 - Signals from Space
7.1 - Signals from Space

... Astronomers can detect radiation from space that has a wavelength of several millimetres. This can give information on the temperature of stars and hence their age. As the star reactions change, so will its temperature. Microwave ovens at home use microwave radiation which has a wavelength of about ...
Paper: Gamma Spectroscopy - Department of Physics and
Paper: Gamma Spectroscopy - Department of Physics and

... subsequently produces a pair of oppositely charged particle [4]. Thus, the γ-ray is transformed into an electron-positron pair. This interaction becomes important when an incident γray of energy MeV interacts with matter. Conservation of energy and momentum requires that this interaction cannot occu ...
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Int. to Basic Electronics - Kashif Bashir
Int. to Basic Electronics - Kashif Bashir

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... Realize that using the unit s–1 for frequency makes the units cancel more easily Be able to convert between various labels Be aware that quantum theory laid foundations for such areas as spectroscopy and nanotechnology Know the difference between the Bohr model and orbitals Be able to know what spec ...
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Particles and Waves booklet 1 Teacher (3.6MB Word)

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Electric Energy and Current Chapter 17

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Microsoft Word Format - McMaster University > ECE

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4. - period2chem

... Hydrogen atoms have specific energy levels. Therefore, the atoms can only gain or lose certain amounts of energy. When atoms lose energy, they emit photons which correspond to the lines in the emission spectrum. The more energy lost, the more energy the photon has. Bohr’s model stated that electrons ...
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Photoelectric effect

The photoelectric effect is the observation that many metals emit electrons when light shines upon them. Electrons emitted in this manner can be called photoelectrons. The phenomenon is commonly studied in electronic physics, as well as in fields of chemistry, such as quantum chemistry or electrochemistry.According to classical electromagnetic theory, this effect can be attributed to the transfer of energy from the light to an electron in the metal. From this perspective, an alteration in either the amplitude or wavelength of light would induce changes in the rate of emission of electrons from the metal. Furthermore, according to this theory, a sufficiently dim light would be expected to show a lag time between the initial shining of its light and the subsequent emission of an electron. However, the experimental results did not correlate with either of the two predictions made by this theory.Instead, as it turns out, electrons are only dislodged by the photoelectric effect if light reaches or exceeds a threshold frequency, below which no electrons can be emitted from the metal regardless of the amplitude and temporal length of exposure of light. To make sense of the fact that light can eject electrons even if its intensity is low, Albert Einstein proposed that a beam of light is not a wave propagating through space, but rather a collection of discrete wave packets (photons), each with energy hf. This shed light on Max Planck's previous discovery of the Planck relation (E = hf) linking energy (E) and frequency (f) as arising from quantization of energy. The factor h is known as the Planck constant.In 1887, Heinrich Hertz discovered that electrodes illuminated with ultraviolet light create electric sparks more easily. In 1905 Albert Einstein published a paper that explained experimental data from the photoelectric effect as being the result of light energy being carried in discrete quantized packets. This discovery led to the quantum revolution. In 1914, Robert Millikan's experiment confirmed Einstein's law on photoelectric effect. Einstein was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1921 for ""his discovery of the law of the photoelectric effect"", and Millikan was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1923 for ""his work on the elementary charge of electricity and on the photoelectric effect"".The photoelectric effect requires photons with energies from a few electronvolts to over 1 MeV in elements with a high atomic number. Study of the photoelectric effect led to important steps in understanding the quantum nature of light and electrons and influenced the formation of the concept of wave–particle duality. Other phenomena where light affects the movement of electric charges include the photoconductive effect (also known as photoconductivity or photoresistivity), the photovoltaic effect, and the photoelectrochemical effect.
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