Theta phase shift in spike timing and modulation of gamma oscillation
... task events in the nose-poke paradigm. The sequence starting from the top represents a LEFT-TO-RIGHT (LR) trial [starting from the bottom: RIGHT-TO-LEFT (RL) trial]. ITI, intertrial interval. B: raster plots and spike histograms from six examples of the sequence-dependent fixation cell (black lines: ...
... task events in the nose-poke paradigm. The sequence starting from the top represents a LEFT-TO-RIGHT (LR) trial [starting from the bottom: RIGHT-TO-LEFT (RL) trial]. ITI, intertrial interval. B: raster plots and spike histograms from six examples of the sequence-dependent fixation cell (black lines: ...
Extracellular Glutamate, Glutamine, and GABA in the Hippocampus
... Epilepsy, a disorder characterized by repeated unprovoked seizures, affects 1-3% of the population (1). Epilepsy is broadly classified as localization-related or generalized, depending on whether it originates in one hemisphere or involves the cortex bilaterally, respectively. Epilepsy can be furthe ...
... Epilepsy, a disorder characterized by repeated unprovoked seizures, affects 1-3% of the population (1). Epilepsy is broadly classified as localization-related or generalized, depending on whether it originates in one hemisphere or involves the cortex bilaterally, respectively. Epilepsy can be furthe ...
Theta Modulation in the Medial and the Lateral Entorhinal Cortices
... doi:10.1152/jn.01141.2009. Hippocampal neurons show a strong modulation by theta frequency oscillations. This modulation is thought to be important not only for temporal encoding and decoding of information in the hippocampal system, but also for temporal ordering of neuronal activities on timescale ...
... doi:10.1152/jn.01141.2009. Hippocampal neurons show a strong modulation by theta frequency oscillations. This modulation is thought to be important not only for temporal encoding and decoding of information in the hippocampal system, but also for temporal ordering of neuronal activities on timescale ...
Jennifer McFarland - University of Evansville Faculty Web sites
... interpreted to suggest that REM sleep promotes neurogenesis, but this is unlikely. Despite the fact that the exact mechanism by which sleep deprivation reduces neurogenesis in the adult hippocampus is unknown, there is strong evidence supporting glucocorticoid release, due to the stress of chronic s ...
... interpreted to suggest that REM sleep promotes neurogenesis, but this is unlikely. Despite the fact that the exact mechanism by which sleep deprivation reduces neurogenesis in the adult hippocampus is unknown, there is strong evidence supporting glucocorticoid release, due to the stress of chronic s ...
Laminar Selectivity of the Cholinergic Suppression of Synaptic
... CA1 by input from the entorhinal cortex. The recall ofthese associations could be tested by inducing activity in region CA3 alone and evaluating how closely the activity spreading into region CA1 resembled the activity previously provided by input from the entorhinal cortex. Most previous models of ...
... CA1 by input from the entorhinal cortex. The recall ofthese associations could be tested by inducing activity in region CA3 alone and evaluating how closely the activity spreading into region CA1 resembled the activity previously provided by input from the entorhinal cortex. Most previous models of ...
Activity dynamics and behavioral correlates of CA3 and CA1
... 2007). In both regions, the majority of pyramidal cells give rise to similar firing fields controlled by distant and local cues. The firing pattern similarity can be explained by treating the CA3-CA1 system as a single computational unit, with one subset (CA1) embedded in the interconnected subset (CA3 ...
... 2007). In both regions, the majority of pyramidal cells give rise to similar firing fields controlled by distant and local cues. The firing pattern similarity can be explained by treating the CA3-CA1 system as a single computational unit, with one subset (CA1) embedded in the interconnected subset (CA3 ...
Learning-related postburst afterhyperpolarization reduction in CA1
... Transgenic mice with a constitutively active form of CREB have recently been shown to have CA1 pyramidal neurons with significantly reduced AHPs (28). Interestingly, EBC is also significantly impaired by disruption of the cAMP/PKA pathway in the cerebellum (29), a structure known to be critically in ...
... Transgenic mice with a constitutively active form of CREB have recently been shown to have CA1 pyramidal neurons with significantly reduced AHPs (28). Interestingly, EBC is also significantly impaired by disruption of the cAMP/PKA pathway in the cerebellum (29), a structure known to be critically in ...
Immunohistochemical Analysis of Trk Receptor Activation in Epilepsy
... (Figure 1). For the neurotrophin family, these target proteins have been shown to include PLCγ1 (phospholipase C gamma 1), p85 (the noncatalytic subunit of phosphatidyl inositol (PI)-3 kinase), and Shc (SH2-containing sequence); activation of these target proteins can then lead to a variety of intra ...
... (Figure 1). For the neurotrophin family, these target proteins have been shown to include PLCγ1 (phospholipase C gamma 1), p85 (the noncatalytic subunit of phosphatidyl inositol (PI)-3 kinase), and Shc (SH2-containing sequence); activation of these target proteins can then lead to a variety of intra ...
Projections of the median raphe nucleus in the rat
... the autoradiographic technique. Although our report described projections to these regions, it also was incomplete in that certain areas of the brain were omitted, significantly, the brainstem and neocortex. In essence then, although several reports have examined MR projections, none have described ...
... the autoradiographic technique. Although our report described projections to these regions, it also was incomplete in that certain areas of the brain were omitted, significantly, the brainstem and neocortex. In essence then, although several reports have examined MR projections, none have described ...
Examination of Rhythmicity of Extracellularly Recorded Neurons in the Entorhinal Cortex
... analysis of the timing of action potentials. In the rodent hippocampal circuit, theta frequency (6–10 Hz) oscillations are a prominent part of the local field potential (Green and Arduini, 1954; Vanderwolf, 1969; Buzsaki et al., 1983; Stewart and Fox, 1991; Buzsaki, 2002). Although the exact mecha ...
... analysis of the timing of action potentials. In the rodent hippocampal circuit, theta frequency (6–10 Hz) oscillations are a prominent part of the local field potential (Green and Arduini, 1954; Vanderwolf, 1969; Buzsaki et al., 1983; Stewart and Fox, 1991; Buzsaki, 2002). Although the exact mecha ...
Free recall and recognition in a network model of the... simulating effects of scopolamine on human memory function
... human memory function, we have developed a model of hippocampal episodic memory function which can be used to link these effects to specific parameters of cholinergic physiology. Modeling the hippocampus is appropriate because of the neuropsychological data showing that lesions of the hippocampus se ...
... human memory function, we have developed a model of hippocampal episodic memory function which can be used to link these effects to specific parameters of cholinergic physiology. Modeling the hippocampus is appropriate because of the neuropsychological data showing that lesions of the hippocampus se ...
Episodic memory, amnesia, and the hippocampal–anterior thalamic
... 1. The anatomical focus of the model concerns the connections between the hippocampus, the mamillary bodies, and the medial thalamus. (As a matter of terminology the term hippocampus is used here to refer to the hippocampal fields CA1-4, the dentate gyrus, and the subicular complex. The mamillary bo ...
... 1. The anatomical focus of the model concerns the connections between the hippocampus, the mamillary bodies, and the medial thalamus. (As a matter of terminology the term hippocampus is used here to refer to the hippocampal fields CA1-4, the dentate gyrus, and the subicular complex. The mamillary bo ...
The Journal of Neuroscience http://jneurosci.msubmit.net Ana
... cortical-hippocampal circuitry, a network with complex information processing capabilities (Eichenbaum, 2000). The shape of hippocampal dendritic arbors, and the resulting pattern of afferent connections, can be dramatically affected by changes in environmental cues and by how new information is bei ...
... cortical-hippocampal circuitry, a network with complex information processing capabilities (Eichenbaum, 2000). The shape of hippocampal dendritic arbors, and the resulting pattern of afferent connections, can be dramatically affected by changes in environmental cues and by how new information is bei ...
Gap Junctions in the Ventral Hippocampal-Medial
... Correspondence should be addressed to Elizabeth Gould, Department of Psychology and Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544. E-mail: [email protected]. ...
... Correspondence should be addressed to Elizabeth Gould, Department of Psychology and Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544. E-mail: [email protected]. ...
Gamma Oscillations in the Hippocampus
... oscillations provided the precise temporal synchrony necessary for binding distributed cells involved in coding various aspects of a particular stimulus. Gamma synchronized firing was recorded across neurons in separate columns of primary visual cortex when cells responded to different aspects of th ...
... oscillations provided the precise temporal synchrony necessary for binding distributed cells involved in coding various aspects of a particular stimulus. Gamma synchronized firing was recorded across neurons in separate columns of primary visual cortex when cells responded to different aspects of th ...
theta oscillation in the hippocampus
... synaptic potentials that entrain the discharge of neuronal populations within the D100–200 ms range. The cellular-synaptic generation of theta activity in the hippocampus was investigated by intracellular recordings from the somata and dendrites of CA1 pyramidal cells in urethaneanesthetized rats. T ...
... synaptic potentials that entrain the discharge of neuronal populations within the D100–200 ms range. The cellular-synaptic generation of theta activity in the hippocampus was investigated by intracellular recordings from the somata and dendrites of CA1 pyramidal cells in urethaneanesthetized rats. T ...
The Roles of the Amygdala and the Hippocampus in Fear
... THE ROLES OF THE AMYGDALA AND THE HIPPOCAMPUS IN FEAR CONDITIONING ...
... THE ROLES OF THE AMYGDALA AND THE HIPPOCAMPUS IN FEAR CONDITIONING ...
Hippocampus, 22, 1703-1719
... Learning-dependent AHP plasticity has been repeatedly reported in multiple species following acquisition of several different multitrial tasks. In the earliest example, decreases in peak AHP amplitude of rabbit CA1 pyramidal neurons from trained animals after delay eyeblink conditioning (EBC) were r ...
... Learning-dependent AHP plasticity has been repeatedly reported in multiple species following acquisition of several different multitrial tasks. In the earliest example, decreases in peak AHP amplitude of rabbit CA1 pyramidal neurons from trained animals after delay eyeblink conditioning (EBC) were r ...
Ensemble Patterns of Hippocampal CA3
... Transfer of neuronal patterns from the CA3 to CA1 region was studied by simultaneous recording of neuronal ensembles in the behaving rat. A nonlinear interaction among pyramidal neurons was observed during sharp wave (SPW)–related population bursts, with stronger synchrony associated with more wides ...
... Transfer of neuronal patterns from the CA3 to CA1 region was studied by simultaneous recording of neuronal ensembles in the behaving rat. A nonlinear interaction among pyramidal neurons was observed during sharp wave (SPW)–related population bursts, with stronger synchrony associated with more wides ...
High acetylcholine sets circuit dynamics for attention and
... changes in acetylcholine concentration could contribute to the change in EEG dynamics and functional properties of cortical circuits during these different periods. 2.) Anatomical support for volume transmission In the computational modeling work presented here and previously (Hasselmo et al., 1992; ...
... changes in acetylcholine concentration could contribute to the change in EEG dynamics and functional properties of cortical circuits during these different periods. 2.) Anatomical support for volume transmission In the computational modeling work presented here and previously (Hasselmo et al., 1992; ...
Background Paper 3 - Yale School of Medicine
... been shown that in young monkeys the capacity for persistent firing during the delay phase is dependent on key signaling events in spines. For example, signals that inhibit cAMP levels within the spine, such as α2A-adrenoreceptor (α2A AR) activation, enhance firing during the delay phase46. This is ...
... been shown that in young monkeys the capacity for persistent firing during the delay phase is dependent on key signaling events in spines. For example, signals that inhibit cAMP levels within the spine, such as α2A-adrenoreceptor (α2A AR) activation, enhance firing during the delay phase46. This is ...
Topographically Specific Hippocampal Projections Target Functionally Distinct Prefrontal Areas in the
... significant number of neurons from the presubiculum and area 29a-c. Only a few labeled neurons were found in the parasubiculum, and most projected to medial prefrontal areas. The results suggest that functionally distinct prefrontal cortices receive projections from different components of the hippo ...
... significant number of neurons from the presubiculum and area 29a-c. Only a few labeled neurons were found in the parasubiculum, and most projected to medial prefrontal areas. The results suggest that functionally distinct prefrontal cortices receive projections from different components of the hippo ...
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... and research and opening me so many opportunities. ... my brother and sister-in-law, for keeping the surfin’ dreams alive. ... my great culé friends Anna-Felipe and Aisha-José. ... all my Costa family, friends and in-laws in Belo Horizonte. ... all my family in Rio de Janeiro. In special to my dear ...
... and research and opening me so many opportunities. ... my brother and sister-in-law, for keeping the surfin’ dreams alive. ... my great culé friends Anna-Felipe and Aisha-José. ... all my Costa family, friends and in-laws in Belo Horizonte. ... all my family in Rio de Janeiro. In special to my dear ...
Anxiolytic action on the behavioural inhibition system implies
... a complex set of neural networks which contribute to different aspects of anxiety — and it is the interaction of the SHS with other structures that determines changes in behaviour. Thus, the SHS is not the only structure which we postulate is involved in the control of anxiety. Nor is the proposed f ...
... a complex set of neural networks which contribute to different aspects of anxiety — and it is the interaction of the SHS with other structures that determines changes in behaviour. Thus, the SHS is not the only structure which we postulate is involved in the control of anxiety. Nor is the proposed f ...
On the use of cognitive maps - David Redish
... A reinforcement learning approach to animal behavior was used to develop a theory of cognitive map function. Reinforcement learning provides a theoretical framework within which the components of cognitive map function can be readily defined and explored. This approach addresses long-standing critici ...
... A reinforcement learning approach to animal behavior was used to develop a theory of cognitive map function. Reinforcement learning provides a theoretical framework within which the components of cognitive map function can be readily defined and explored. This approach addresses long-standing critici ...
Hippocampus
The hippocampus (named after its resemblance to the seahorse, from the Greek ἱππόκαμπος, ""seahorse"" from ἵππος hippos, ""horse"" and κάμπος kampos, ""sea monster"") is a major component of the brains of humans and other vertebrates. Humans and other mammals have two hippocampi, one in each side of the brain. It belongs to the limbic system and plays important roles in the consolidation of information from short-term memory to long-term memory and spatial navigation. The hippocampus is located under the cerebral cortex; and in primates it is located in the medial temporal lobe, underneath the cortical surface. It contains two main interlocking parts: Ammon's horn and the dentate gyrus.In Alzheimer's disease, the hippocampus is one of the first regions of the brain to suffer damage; memory loss and disorientation are included among the early symptoms. Damage to the hippocampus can also result from oxygen starvation (hypoxia), encephalitis, or medial temporal lobe epilepsy. People with extensive, bilateral hippocampal damage may experience anterograde amnesia—the inability to form and retain new memories.In rodents, the hippocampus has been studied extensively as part of a brain system responsible for spatial memory and navigation. Many neurons in the rat and mouse hippocampus respond as place cells: that is, they fire bursts of action potentials when the animal passes through a specific part of its environment. Hippocampal place cells interact extensively with head direction cells, whose activity acts as an inertial compass, and conjecturally with grid cells in the neighboring entorhinal cortex.Since different neuronal cell types are neatly organized into layers in the hippocampus, it has frequently been used as a model system for studying neurophysiology. The form of neural plasticity known as long-term potentiation (LTP) was first discovered to occur in the hippocampus and has often been studied in this structure. LTP is widely believed to be one of the main neural mechanisms by which memory is stored in the brain.