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01-Long Report-cover
01-Long Report-cover

... Figure 1.2. Locations of significant changes in data series of physical systems (snow, ice and frozen ground; hydrology; and coastal processes) and biological systems (terrestrial, marine, and freshwater biological systems), are shown together with surface air temperature changes over the period 197 ...
PDF
PDF

... indirect substitution between energy types and types of fossil fuels. For example, a shift in the transport sector from road transport to rail implies a change in the fossil fuel mix as trucks use oil-based products while the rail sector uses electricity, which can be generated by gas-fueled powerp ...
Climate Change and Tax Policy - Digital Commons @ Boston
Climate Change and Tax Policy - Digital Commons @ Boston

... B. Human Activities Raising Levels of Greenhouse Gases (GHGs) Scientists seem to agree that the Earth’s temperature is always changing; however, for the majority, the “key question is how much of the observed warming is due to human activities.”14 Some GHGs occur naturally in the atmosphere, while o ...
Presentation
Presentation

...  States not so smart because of sovereignty  States not so smart because of lack of legally binding rules  States not so smart because international climate change rules cannot be enforced properly…. ...
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Document

... • HB 1303: directs the state to analyze vehicle electrification, sets goal for all state fleets to run on electricity or biofuel by 2015 • ESSHB 2815: Climate Change Framework/Green-Collar Jobs Act • Emissions monitoring and reporting system • Clean energy jobs/Green Economy Jobs Growth Initiative • ...
Adapting to Climate Change
Adapting to Climate Change

... Responding to climate-related risks involves decision-making in a changing world, with continuing uncertainty about the severity and timing of climate-change impacts and with limits to the effectiveness of adaptation (high confidence). Risk management provides a useful framework for most climate cha ...
Appendix D: Economic modelling and adaptation to climate change
Appendix D: Economic modelling and adaptation to climate change

... ‘Shocks’ were estimated based on detailed reports of the physical impacts of climate change on each of these sectors, which were provided to the Garnaut Review by expert groups. These ‘shocks’ were incorporated into the Monash Multi-Regional Forecasting (MMRF) model — a dynamic multi-sector CGE mode ...
M01P02SusCO2Emiss
M01P02SusCO2Emiss

... Source: http://cdiac.ornl.gov/ftp/trends/co2/siple2.013 and http://cdiac.ornl.gov/trends/co2/sio-mlo.html ...
Climate Engineering under the Paris Agreement
Climate Engineering under the Paris Agreement

... which carry with them human rights concerns and trade-offs against other sustainability goals. SRM technologies involve greater scientific uncertainty and also involve significant risks. For example, changes to global average temperatures would not be uniform and could have consequential impacts on ...
ECOLE POLYTECHNIQUE DEPARTEMENT D`ECONOMIE
ECOLE POLYTECHNIQUE DEPARTEMENT D`ECONOMIE

... countries. For example, the value added to GDP from agriculture is around 33% for less developed countries, whereas for upper middle income countries only 6.2% (WDID [4]). In addition, around 54% of the developing world's population works in the agricultural sector but only 7% of the developed count ...
loss and damage
loss and damage

... The Himalayan Glaciers form an important source of fresh water for millions of people living downstream, providing water for hydropower, agriculture, irrigation and domestic purposes. The glaciers are the main source of water for the river systems in the region. But in the last 30-year period from 1 ...
Click here to Heike`s CV
Click here to Heike`s CV

... Schroeder, H. (2010), “Agency in International Climate Negotiations: The Case of Indigenous Peoples and Avoided Deforestation”, International Environmental Agreements: Politics, Law and Economics 10, 4, 317–332 Biermann, F., M. Betsill, J. Gupta, N. Kanie, L. Lebel, D. Liverman, H. Schroeder, and B. ...
The Kyoto Protocol and Beyond: The World After 2012
The Kyoto Protocol and Beyond: The World After 2012

... projects and integration into its sector work and the Country Assistance Strategy process, for example. A report on the GEF commenting on the Bank’s activities also found that it had not ‘taken steps to create staff incentives necessary to put global environmental concerns on a par with traditional ...
Forests and Climate Change in Latin America: Linking Adaptation
Forests and Climate Change in Latin America: Linking Adaptation

... services relevant for adaptation as well as the global ecosystem service of carbon sequestration, relevant for mitigation. Consequently, just as there are synergies and trade-offs between global and local ecosystem services, there are synergies and trade-offs between mitigation and adaptation in for ...
eoi maría moliner listening february 2011
eoi maría moliner listening february 2011

... We are content to pay for the other utilities we receive – water, gas and electricity – so shouldn’t we pay as well for the world’s greatest utility, - its rainforests? In other words, pay for the perpetual retention of forests like Iwokrama in Guyana! Of course, none of this is going to be easy, bu ...
executive summary - Global Environment Facility
executive summary - Global Environment Facility

... Other negative environmental trends including deforestation and consequent effects on watersheds and biodiversity. ...
The IPCC Special Report on Renewable Energy Sources
The IPCC Special Report on Renewable Energy Sources

... • 100 – 200 scientists nominated and selected for each report (representing the best in the field and from all world regions) • Multiple scientific and government review of each report • Consensus decision by the IPCC plenary on each report • Accepted basis for international climate policy ...
Energy Resources and Climate Change 14.1  Introduction Chapter 14
Energy Resources and Climate Change 14.1 Introduction Chapter 14

... and Appendix J, Hydropower and Electric Grid Analysis of LSJR Flow Alternatives. Impacts related to LSJR Alternative 1 and SDWQ Alternative 1 (No Project) are presented in Chapter 15, LSJR Alternative 1 and SDWQ Alternative 1 (No Project Alternative), and the supporting technical analysis is present ...
The impact of climate change on children[6]
The impact of climate change on children[6]

... indigenous groups and youth are already included in the text, and children need the same recognition. It is important to remember that alongside climate change, there are other trends that are making environmental impacts on poor communities more severe. These include:  population growth  demograp ...
Climate change and the oceans: legal and policy
Climate change and the oceans: legal and policy

... majority of potential maritime boundaries globally have yet to be settled and the Asia-Pacific region features multiple notable territorial and maritime disputes of long standing (Prescott and Schofield 2005). These include disputes concerning sovereignty over small islands in the East China Sea be ...
to open - Gifted Leadership Services
to open - Gifted Leadership Services

... Netherlands and Germany have done the same. This provided supermarkets with an incentive to participate in the sustainable seafood campaign.  World Park Antarctica – Since 1985, Greenpeace has worked very hard to keep Antarctica free from human interference to preserve the natural habitat. At last, ...
CCWG Report - Mennonite Church Canada
CCWG Report - Mennonite Church Canada

... consumptive lifestyle. This strategy prioritizes investing in “the good that we want to see.” In addition, MC-CAN should do a number of non-financial actions that will support an investment shift and increased Mennonite understanding of climate change as a justice concern. The rationale for divestme ...
Barriers to Effective Climate Change Adaptation
Barriers to Effective Climate Change Adaptation

... governments. Currently, there is no forum to consider the collective cost of climate change on society across all sectors to ensure least cost adaptation responses. WSAA proposes water utilities should be included in any such forum or coordination mechanism. WSAA supports this recommendation. Across ...
GHG Market Sentiment Survey 2015
GHG Market Sentiment Survey 2015

... 36% of respondents believe carbon markets will expand as a result of COP 21. Agreement on national domestic systems is seen as the most likely way that this will come about, with 58% of respondents holding this view as opposed to 22% who believe agreement on an international carbon market is most li ...
Adaptation Structural Options
Adaptation Structural Options

... [1] This estimate is intended to provide an order of magnitude assessment and does not pretend to be a comprehensive assessment or list. Some sources of funding are likely to be left out and the funding levels depend on a variety of factors that have yet to be clearly defined. [2] The Special Climat ...
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Economics of climate change mitigation



This article is about the economics of climate change mitigation. Mitigation of climate change involves actions that are designed to limit the amount of long-term climate change (Fisher et al.., 2007:225). Mitigation may be achieved through the reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions or through the enhancement of sinks that absorb GHGs, for example forests.
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