Main-group elements as transition metals
... differences between their electronic properties and those of the lighter elements to a degree that was not previously apparent. This has led to new structural and bonding insights as well as a gradually increasing realization that the chemistry of the heavier main-group elements more resembles that ...
... differences between their electronic properties and those of the lighter elements to a degree that was not previously apparent. This has led to new structural and bonding insights as well as a gradually increasing realization that the chemistry of the heavier main-group elements more resembles that ...
Quantum treatment of two-stage sub
... intensity I=20 mW/cm2: there is the high-contrast spike on top of the wide background. This background conditionally describes “hot” fraction of atoms in a cloud with effective temperature Tef f ∼ 1−10 mK, while the spike corresponds to ultracold fraction with Tef f ∼ 1 µK. Similar distributions wer ...
... intensity I=20 mW/cm2: there is the high-contrast spike on top of the wide background. This background conditionally describes “hot” fraction of atoms in a cloud with effective temperature Tef f ∼ 1−10 mK, while the spike corresponds to ultracold fraction with Tef f ∼ 1 µK. Similar distributions wer ...
Cyclo-P3 Complexes of Vanadium: Redox
... (nacnac′− = [(Ar)NCCH3]2CH, Ph = C6H5, Ar = 2,6Me2C6H3). We also found that the computed equilibrium structure of 1′ is very similar to the experimentally determined molecular structure established by single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies. These two benchmarks suggest that the slight structural s ...
... (nacnac′− = [(Ar)NCCH3]2CH, Ph = C6H5, Ar = 2,6Me2C6H3). We also found that the computed equilibrium structure of 1′ is very similar to the experimentally determined molecular structure established by single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies. These two benchmarks suggest that the slight structural s ...
K.Batrakov, Mechanisms of Terahertz Radiation Generation in
... FIG. a) A typical structure of nanoribbons. A solid circle stands for a carbon atom with one electron, while an open circle for a different atom such as a hydrogen. A closed area represents a unit cell. It is possible to regard the lattice made of solid circles as a part of a honeycomb lattice. b) A ...
... FIG. a) A typical structure of nanoribbons. A solid circle stands for a carbon atom with one electron, while an open circle for a different atom such as a hydrogen. A closed area represents a unit cell. It is possible to regard the lattice made of solid circles as a part of a honeycomb lattice. b) A ...
Short-pulse space-charge-limited electron flows
... gap separation much smaller than the electrode size 共1D model兲. A finite pulse p of current density J is injected into the gap, and the value of J is increased until the formation of a virtual cathode, which will cause the reflection of electrons. It must be emphasized that all the simulations wer ...
... gap separation much smaller than the electrode size 共1D model兲. A finite pulse p of current density J is injected into the gap, and the value of J is increased until the formation of a virtual cathode, which will cause the reflection of electrons. It must be emphasized that all the simulations wer ...
Temporal interferences driven by a single-cycle terahertz pulse in the... dynamics of negative ions
... photoionization of neutral atoms, the essential physical picture is similar, and the theoretical methods developed here can be extended by including the long-range Coulomb potential. As illustrated in Fig. 1 for a weak single-cycle pulse, there are two trajectories contributing to each time tf when ...
... photoionization of neutral atoms, the essential physical picture is similar, and the theoretical methods developed here can be extended by including the long-range Coulomb potential. As illustrated in Fig. 1 for a weak single-cycle pulse, there are two trajectories contributing to each time tf when ...
Revision IB2 Topic 1
... After heating, the stream of hydrogen gas was maintained until the apparatus had cooled. The following results were obtained. Mass of empty dish = 13.80 g Mass of dish and contents before heating = 21.75 g Mass of dish and contents after heating and leaving to cool = 20.15 g ...
... After heating, the stream of hydrogen gas was maintained until the apparatus had cooled. The following results were obtained. Mass of empty dish = 13.80 g Mass of dish and contents before heating = 21.75 g Mass of dish and contents after heating and leaving to cool = 20.15 g ...
Nature physics
... imbalance the system exhibited ‘self-trapping’, in which the initial population imbalance remained almost fixed over time (t), and the phase difference (φ) between the two condensates increased linearly over time due to the chemical potential _(µ) difference between the condensates φ = (µ1 – µ2)t/h ...
... imbalance the system exhibited ‘self-trapping’, in which the initial population imbalance remained almost fixed over time (t), and the phase difference (φ) between the two condensates increased linearly over time due to the chemical potential _(µ) difference between the condensates φ = (µ1 – µ2)t/h ...
Physics 137B
... Suppose you’re given a quantum system whose Hamiltonian H0 admits two eigenstates, ψa (with energy Ea ), and ψb (with energy Eb ). They are orthogonal, normalized, and non-degenerate (assume Ea is the smaller of the two energies). Now turn on a pertubation H ! , with the following matrix elements: # ...
... Suppose you’re given a quantum system whose Hamiltonian H0 admits two eigenstates, ψa (with energy Ea ), and ψb (with energy Eb ). They are orthogonal, normalized, and non-degenerate (assume Ea is the smaller of the two energies). Now turn on a pertubation H ! , with the following matrix elements: # ...
Quantum defect theory description of weakly bound levels and Feshbach...
... In some applications, MQDT is employed in an essentially exact manner, in that accurate solutions of the close-coupling equations are obtained out to a distance around r0 = 30–50 a.u., and then matched to linear combinations of single channel solutions (fi , gi ) in the appropriate long range potent ...
... In some applications, MQDT is employed in an essentially exact manner, in that accurate solutions of the close-coupling equations are obtained out to a distance around r0 = 30–50 a.u., and then matched to linear combinations of single channel solutions (fi , gi ) in the appropriate long range potent ...
Atomic orbital
An atomic orbital is a mathematical function that describes the wave-like behavior of either one electron or a pair of electrons in an atom. This function can be used to calculate the probability of finding any electron of an atom in any specific region around the atom's nucleus. The term may also refer to the physical region or space where the electron can be calculated to be present, as defined by the particular mathematical form of the orbital.Each orbital in an atom is characterized by a unique set of values of the three quantum numbers n, ℓ, and m, which respectively correspond to the electron's energy, angular momentum, and an angular momentum vector component (the magnetic quantum number). Any orbital can be occupied by a maximum of two electrons, each with its own spin quantum number. The simple names s orbital, p orbital, d orbital and f orbital refer to orbitals with angular momentum quantum number ℓ = 0, 1, 2 and 3 respectively. These names, together with the value of n, are used to describe the electron configurations of atoms. They are derived from the description by early spectroscopists of certain series of alkali metal spectroscopic lines as sharp, principal, diffuse, and fundamental. Orbitals for ℓ > 3 continue alphabetically, omitting j (g, h, i, k, …).Atomic orbitals are the basic building blocks of the atomic orbital model (alternatively known as the electron cloud or wave mechanics model), a modern framework for visualizing the submicroscopic behavior of electrons in matter. In this model the electron cloud of a multi-electron atom may be seen as being built up (in approximation) in an electron configuration that is a product of simpler hydrogen-like atomic orbitals. The repeating periodicity of the blocks of 2, 6, 10, and 14 elements within sections of the periodic table arises naturally from the total number of electrons that occupy a complete set of s, p, d and f atomic orbitals, respectively.