Evolutionary classification of ammonium, nitrate, and peptide
... NRT2 family require physical association (protein interaction) with NAR2 (Nitrate Assimilation-Related) proteins [10,11] for proper functioning. Interaction with NAR2 proteins was shown to be necessary in diverse plant lineages, including monocots, eudicots, and green algae [9,12]. NRT1s are respons ...
... NRT2 family require physical association (protein interaction) with NAR2 (Nitrate Assimilation-Related) proteins [10,11] for proper functioning. Interaction with NAR2 proteins was shown to be necessary in diverse plant lineages, including monocots, eudicots, and green algae [9,12]. NRT1s are respons ...
Plant Tumorigenesis: Different Ways for Shifting Systemic Control of
... cell division rate dramatically decreases in specialized cell types, cell division and differentiation are often considered as two opposite processes (Jakoby and Schnittger 2004). The re-activation of cell proliferation, e.g. during the initiation of neoplastic growth in differentiated tissues inclu ...
... cell division rate dramatically decreases in specialized cell types, cell division and differentiation are often considered as two opposite processes (Jakoby and Schnittger 2004). The re-activation of cell proliferation, e.g. during the initiation of neoplastic growth in differentiated tissues inclu ...
Chapter 1 Literature Review Overview of plant defence response mechanisms
... diseases. Although the extensive use of pesticides and fungicides remains the main strategy of disease control, conventional breeding approaches have been very successful in introducing resistance (R) genes from wild populations into commercial crop cultivars. Although some R genes have provided exc ...
... diseases. Although the extensive use of pesticides and fungicides remains the main strategy of disease control, conventional breeding approaches have been very successful in introducing resistance (R) genes from wild populations into commercial crop cultivars. Although some R genes have provided exc ...
Biological Nitrogen Fixation
... R/FR ratio and used Lotus japonicus (Suzuki et al., 2011; Shigeyama et al., 2012) to test this hypothesis. To verify that root nodule formation is under the control of the perception of the R/FR ratio, we examined nodule formation in L. japonicus MG20 wild-type and phyB mutant plants grown under dif ...
... R/FR ratio and used Lotus japonicus (Suzuki et al., 2011; Shigeyama et al., 2012) to test this hypothesis. To verify that root nodule formation is under the control of the perception of the R/FR ratio, we examined nodule formation in L. japonicus MG20 wild-type and phyB mutant plants grown under dif ...
The Moss Physcomitrella patens, Now and Then
... Gene conversion is the result of such a strategy and could be designed to produce subtle point mutations. ...
... Gene conversion is the result of such a strategy and could be designed to produce subtle point mutations. ...
MicroRNA-Directed Cleavage of Nicotiana sylvestris
... constitutively active in the absence of the sterol ligand. An alternative explanation came with the subsequent discovery that these mutations also fell within a putative microRNA (miRNA) recognition site located at the boundary between exons 4 and 5 in both genes (Rhoades et al., 2002), which was la ...
... constitutively active in the absence of the sterol ligand. An alternative explanation came with the subsequent discovery that these mutations also fell within a putative microRNA (miRNA) recognition site located at the boundary between exons 4 and 5 in both genes (Rhoades et al., 2002), which was la ...
Structure and function of plant aspartic proteinases
... A1 family have been determined and they share significant structural similarity [2]. Regarding plant APs, only two crystal structures have been determined – mature cardosin A (PDB code: 1B5F) [17] and prophytepsin, the precursor form of barley AP containing the prosegment and the PSI (PDB code: 1QDM) ...
... A1 family have been determined and they share significant structural similarity [2]. Regarding plant APs, only two crystal structures have been determined – mature cardosin A (PDB code: 1B5F) [17] and prophytepsin, the precursor form of barley AP containing the prosegment and the PSI (PDB code: 1QDM) ...
biosynthesis, perception, signal transduction and action
... † Background Jasmonates are important regulators in plant responses to biotic and abiotic stresses as well as in development. Synthesized from lipid-constituents, the initially formed jasmonic acid is converted to different metabolites including the conjugate with isoleucine. Important new component ...
... † Background Jasmonates are important regulators in plant responses to biotic and abiotic stresses as well as in development. Synthesized from lipid-constituents, the initially formed jasmonic acid is converted to different metabolites including the conjugate with isoleucine. Important new component ...
Regulatory Mechanisms Of Pathogen-Mediated Cellular
... is involved in a multitude of regulatory pathways. While SA has been shown to regulate cell growth, stomatal aperture, respiration, seed germination, seedling development, thermotolerance, fruit yield, nodulation in legumes and the expression of senescencerelated genes, it is mostly known for its ce ...
... is involved in a multitude of regulatory pathways. While SA has been shown to regulate cell growth, stomatal aperture, respiration, seed germination, seedling development, thermotolerance, fruit yield, nodulation in legumes and the expression of senescencerelated genes, it is mostly known for its ce ...
Plant Organelles-to-Nucleus Retrograde Signaling
... whereas the activity of phytochrome-induced cytoplasmic enzymes, such as chalcone synthase, was not affected and in some cases even increased (Oelmüller et al., 1986). In pea (Pisum sativum L.) plants, chloramphenicol inhibited the red- and blue light-induced expression of the gene encoding early li ...
... whereas the activity of phytochrome-induced cytoplasmic enzymes, such as chalcone synthase, was not affected and in some cases even increased (Oelmüller et al., 1986). In pea (Pisum sativum L.) plants, chloramphenicol inhibited the red- and blue light-induced expression of the gene encoding early li ...
index of participants - Deutsche Botanische Gesellschaft
... has decided to celebrate its 125 year jubilee organised by the Biocenter Klein Flottbek, the Botanical Institute of the University of Hamburg. Traditionally the German Botanical Conference has been a domestic event. Within the last two decades it gradually transformed into an international conferenc ...
... has decided to celebrate its 125 year jubilee organised by the Biocenter Klein Flottbek, the Botanical Institute of the University of Hamburg. Traditionally the German Botanical Conference has been a domestic event. Within the last two decades it gradually transformed into an international conferenc ...
The Petunia hybrida Ortholog of Arabidopsis
... contrast, the ovule in sup mutants is nearly radially symmetrical because of the loss of asymmetry in the growth of the outer integument. SUP is expressed in developing ovule primordia, and this expression later becomes restricted to the stalks of ovules, called funiculi. This so-called late express ...
... contrast, the ovule in sup mutants is nearly radially symmetrical because of the loss of asymmetry in the growth of the outer integument. SUP is expressed in developing ovule primordia, and this expression later becomes restricted to the stalks of ovules, called funiculi. This so-called late express ...
Abstract book PRIR 2011 (online version)
... the foliage causing disease symptoms like stunting and chlorosis. Using Arabidopsis as a model for early gene induction, root transcriptome analysis has been performed in response to hyphal growth immediately after spore germination and during penetration of the root cortex. Infected roots reveal a ...
... the foliage causing disease symptoms like stunting and chlorosis. Using Arabidopsis as a model for early gene induction, root transcriptome analysis has been performed in response to hyphal growth immediately after spore germination and during penetration of the root cortex. Infected roots reveal a ...
35 Molecular Breeding of Flower Color Kin-Ying To
... pathway which starts from an aromatic amino acid phenylalanine (Fig. 3). The first committed step is catalyzed by chalcone synthase (CHS). CHS catalyzes condensation of one molecule of p-coumaroyl-CoA and three molecules of malonyl-CoA, resulting one molecule of 4′,2′,4′,6′tetrahydroxychalcone (chal ...
... pathway which starts from an aromatic amino acid phenylalanine (Fig. 3). The first committed step is catalyzed by chalcone synthase (CHS). CHS catalyzes condensation of one molecule of p-coumaroyl-CoA and three molecules of malonyl-CoA, resulting one molecule of 4′,2′,4′,6′tetrahydroxychalcone (chal ...
Discrete Shoot and Root Stem Cell-Promoting
... In the Arabidopsis SAM, a two-cell–layered tunica encloses the inner corpus. All three layers contribute to the CZ, which is subdivided into the stem cell population and the subtending organizing centre (OC) marked by WUSCHEL (WUS) gene expression in the L3 layer. WUS encodes a homeodomain transcrip ...
... In the Arabidopsis SAM, a two-cell–layered tunica encloses the inner corpus. All three layers contribute to the CZ, which is subdivided into the stem cell population and the subtending organizing centre (OC) marked by WUSCHEL (WUS) gene expression in the L3 layer. WUS encodes a homeodomain transcrip ...
Functional analysis of the role of chloroplasts in senescence
... and biosynthesis of many important metabolites takes place. Arabidopsis thaliana is a suitable model plant to study senescence as it shows a monocarpic development, which means that after flowering (and setting seeds) the whole plant will die. The thylakoid membranes inside a chloroplast are a syste ...
... and biosynthesis of many important metabolites takes place. Arabidopsis thaliana is a suitable model plant to study senescence as it shows a monocarpic development, which means that after flowering (and setting seeds) the whole plant will die. The thylakoid membranes inside a chloroplast are a syste ...
Poly(A) Polymerase I (PAPS1) influences organ size
... grow to a genetically determined size and shape, within the limits of phenotypic plasticity. Hence, leaf growth can be best described as the progression of five overlapping and linked phases: an initiation phase, a cell division phase, a transition phase, a cell expansion phase and a meristemoid div ...
... grow to a genetically determined size and shape, within the limits of phenotypic plasticity. Hence, leaf growth can be best described as the progression of five overlapping and linked phases: an initiation phase, a cell division phase, a transition phase, a cell expansion phase and a meristemoid div ...
Isolation and characterization of two NPR1 By ROSITA ENDAH
... MNPR1 genes correlated to Pathogenesis-related gene expression known to be involved in fungal resistance. It was found as a new result in this study that reduced sensitivity to Fusarium in GCTCV-218 might be partially attributed to the higher and an earlier expression of both MNPR1A and Pathogenesis ...
... MNPR1 genes correlated to Pathogenesis-related gene expression known to be involved in fungal resistance. It was found as a new result in this study that reduced sensitivity to Fusarium in GCTCV-218 might be partially attributed to the higher and an earlier expression of both MNPR1A and Pathogenesis ...
Enhancing crop yield by optimizing plant developmental features
... for semi-dwarf varieties of rice and wheat (Peng et al., 1999). Reducing plant height, for example by altering gibberellic acid (GA) biosynthesis and signaling (Peng et al., 1999; Spielmeyer et al., 2002), had an obvious advantage in reducing lodging as well as increasing the number of tillers. Know ...
... for semi-dwarf varieties of rice and wheat (Peng et al., 1999). Reducing plant height, for example by altering gibberellic acid (GA) biosynthesis and signaling (Peng et al., 1999; Spielmeyer et al., 2002), had an obvious advantage in reducing lodging as well as increasing the number of tillers. Know ...
Lesson Overview - mrsrosales
... What are some examples of environmental stimuli to which plants respond? Plants respond to environmental stimuli such as light, gravity, and touch. ...
... What are some examples of environmental stimuli to which plants respond? Plants respond to environmental stimuli such as light, gravity, and touch. ...
Maize DELLA Proteins dwarf plant8 and dwarf plant9 as Modulators
... chromosome 1L (BIN 1.09), while d9 is located in a syntenous region on chromosome 5S (BIN 5.00) (Neuffer 1990, Winkler and Freeling 1994, Lawrence et al. 2005). To verify that the new alleles are forms of d9, two bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) libraries derived from the maize B73 inbred line w ...
... chromosome 1L (BIN 1.09), while d9 is located in a syntenous region on chromosome 5S (BIN 5.00) (Neuffer 1990, Winkler and Freeling 1994, Lawrence et al. 2005). To verify that the new alleles are forms of d9, two bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) libraries derived from the maize B73 inbred line w ...
An ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants in Bhiwani district of
... attention in the USA, UK, France, Mexico and in several other parts of the world and is receiving wide recognition by several international bodies and authorities. Till about sixth decade of the last century there was little work on ethnobotany for any part of the country except some causal or indir ...
... attention in the USA, UK, France, Mexico and in several other parts of the world and is receiving wide recognition by several international bodies and authorities. Till about sixth decade of the last century there was little work on ethnobotany for any part of the country except some causal or indir ...
An ecophysiological approach to modelling resource fluxes in
... Farrar and Gunn (1996) suggested that sucrose concentrations in sinks positively affect the expression of genes involved in growth, but increased C substrate concentrations only turn on the relevant genes if other factors such as N and P supply or temperature are not limiting. Increasing the tempera ...
... Farrar and Gunn (1996) suggested that sucrose concentrations in sinks positively affect the expression of genes involved in growth, but increased C substrate concentrations only turn on the relevant genes if other factors such as N and P supply or temperature are not limiting. Increasing the tempera ...
Adaptation Mechanisms in the Evolution of Moss Defenses to
... of defense genes (Meng and Zhang, 2013). The hormones salicylic acid (SA), jasmonic acid (JA) and its precursor cis-oxophytodienoic acid (OPDA), abscisic acid (ABA), auxins, and ethylene (ET) activate the expression of defense genes leading to the activation of defense mechanisms that involves patho ...
... of defense genes (Meng and Zhang, 2013). The hormones salicylic acid (SA), jasmonic acid (JA) and its precursor cis-oxophytodienoic acid (OPDA), abscisic acid (ABA), auxins, and ethylene (ET) activate the expression of defense genes leading to the activation of defense mechanisms that involves patho ...
docsNotes
... It mainly consists of fieldwork of observation, describing the morphology of plants, identification, classification of plants and assigning of family. Botanists take to the field to bring home new varieties of flowering and non-flowering plants for study and to further expand their knowledge of plan ...
... It mainly consists of fieldwork of observation, describing the morphology of plants, identification, classification of plants and assigning of family. Botanists take to the field to bring home new varieties of flowering and non-flowering plants for study and to further expand their knowledge of plan ...
Arabidopsis thaliana
Arabidopsis thaliana (/ərˌæbɨˈdɒpsɪsˌθɑːliˈɑːnə/ thale cress, mouse-ear cress or arabidopsis) is a small flowering plant native to Eurasia. A. thaliana is edible by humans and, as with other mustard greens, is used in salads or sautéed, like many species in the Brassicacea. Considered a weed, it is found by roadsides and in disturbed lands. A winter annual with a relatively short life cycle, Arabidopsis is a popular model organism in plant biology and genetics. For a complex multicellular eukaryote, Arabidopsis thaliana has a relatively small genome of approximately 135 megabase pairs (Mbp). It was long thought to have the smallest genome of all flowering plants, but the smallest flowering plants' genomes are now considered to belong to plants in the genus Genlisea, order Lamiales, with Genlisea tuberosa, a carnivorous plant, showing a genome size of approximately 61 Mbp. Arabidopsis thaliana was the first plant to have its genome sequenced, and is a popular tool for understanding the molecular biology of many plant traits, including flower development and light sensing.