Download Chapter 4 Study Guide

Biology II – Chapter 4 Study Guide
1. The outer living boundary of the cell is the ______________________.
2. The cell membrane regulates the _____________ of molecules into and out of the cell
3. The cell membrane is largely responsible for maintaining cellular ________________.
4. _______________ bilayer determines the basic structure of the cell membrane.
5. Each phospholipid has a polar head that is _______________, and two nonpolar tails that are
________________.
6. The lipid bilayer contains _______________ that have carbohydrate chains attached to the polar
head.
7. ________ Which of the following is a cell protein:
A. cell-recognition
C. channel
E. all of these
B. glycoprotein
D. carrier
8. ________________ proteins make up the cellular fingerprint by which cells recognize each other.
9. The proteins that selectively interact with specific molecules or ions so they can cross the membrane
to enter or exit the cell are _____________ proteins.
10. The proteins that are shaped in a particular way that binds to a specific molecule are
_______________ proteins.
11. Because of the restricted passage associated with the cell membrane, it is said to be
______________________.
12. _________ Which of the following is NOT a passive transport:
A. diffusion
B. facilitated
C. osmosis
D. endocytosis
13. _____________________ does not require any energy to occur.
14. ______________ is a type of transport that is spontaneous and no energy is required for it to begin.
15. The difference in net movement of a substance from a region of higher concentration to a region of
lower concentration is called the __________________________.
16. _______________ is a type of transport that occurs constantly and is crucial in living organisms.
17. Pressure generated/created by the solute in a solution is ____________.
18. The strength of a solution in relationship to osmosis is called ______________.
19. Solutions where cells that are placed in them neither gain or lose water are __________.
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20. A solution that has a higher concentration of solute and a lower concentration of water than the cell
is called ______________.
21. _____________ proteins are required for facilitated diffusion and active transport.
22. Glucose and amino acids cross the cell membrane even though they are not lipid soluble by means of
_________________________.
23. The transfer of a substance into or out of a cell from a region of lower concentration to a region of
higher concentration by a process that requires a carrier and an expenditure of energy is known as
____________________.
24. Energy is required to transport molecules against the concentration gradient in the form of ______.
25. A process in which a vesicle is formed at the cell membrane to bring a substance into the cell is
called __________________.
26. Cell eating or the taking in of bacteria and/or debris by engulfing is known as __________________.
27. Cell drinking or the taking in of fluid along with dissolved solutes by engulfing is known as
___________________.
28. _____________________________________ selectively moves specific molecules into the cells
with the aid of receptor proteins at coated pit sites.
29. A process in which an intracellular vesicle fuses with the cell membrane so that the vesicle’s
contents are released outside the cell is called ___________________.
30. __________________________ is the cell connection that is restricted to plant cells.
31. ____________________________ are cell-to-cell channels made of protein channels that connect
the insides of adjacent cells.
32. ____________________________ hold adjacent cells together through proteins filaments attached to
the interior of each cell to further strengthen the attachment.
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33. – 45. Label the following types of transports:
Endocytosis
Diffusion
Osmosis
Active Transport
Passive Transport
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KEY
1. cell membrane
2. exchange
3. boundaries
4. phospholipid
5. hydrophilic, hydrophobic
6. glycoproteins
7. (E.) all of these
8. recognition
9. channel
10. carrier
11. selectively permeable
12. (D.) endocytosis
13. passive transport
14. diffusion
15. concentration gradient
16. Osmosis
17. gradient
18. concentration
19. isotonic
20. hypertonic
21. carrier
22. facilitated diffusion
23. active transport
24. ATP
25. endocytosis
26. phagocytosis
27. pinocytosis
28. receptor-mediated endocytosis
29. exocytosis
30. plasmodesmata
31. gap junctions
32. desmosomes
33. – 45. Label the following types of transports:
diffusion
osmosis
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endocytosis
Active transport
Passive transport