Download 2. 2-Isopropyl-5-methylcyclohexanol on carbon skeletal

Examination on the test control of Bioorganic Chemistry
For the 1 st year students of medical faculty
1. Classification and nomenclature of organic
compounds
1. Pyrrole is a compound:
1. acyclic;
2. carbocyclic;
3. Heterocyclic, and aromatic;
4. saturated;
2. 2-Isopropyl-5-methylcyclohexanol on carbon skeletal structure of the compound is:
1. carbocyclic;
2. heterocyclic;
3 unsaturated and acyclic.;
4. aromatic;
3. 1,2,3-propanetriol is the compound of:
1. heterofunctional;
2. aromatic;
3. unsaturated;
4. polyfunctional;
4. According to functional groups benzocaine (ethyl p-aminobenzoate) is:
1. amid;
2. ester and amine;
3. ketone;
4. ether.
5. According to functional groups norepinephrine (2-amino-1- [3 ', 4'-dihydroxyphenyl] ethanol)
is:
1. nitrile;
2. Alcohol, phenol;
3. Acid
4. amid;
1
6. According to functional groups 4 - hydroxy - 3 - ethoxybenzaldehyde is:
1. phenol, aldehyde, ether,
2. acid, Na+;
3.ester;
4. alcohol.
7. How many functional groups have 2 - hydroxy - 4 – methyl benzoic acid?
1. 1;
2. 2;
3. 3;
4. 4;
8. Compound phenylethylketone by the IUPAC nomenclature called:
1. benzoic acid methyl ester-1;
2. phenylpropylketone-3;
3. 1-phenyl-1-propanone;
4. benzyl ethyl ketone
9. By the UIPAC nomenclature the following compound is:
1. 3 -carboxy 3 – hydroxy pentane dioic acid;
2. 3 - hydroxy - 3 – formyl pentanedioic acid;
3. citric acid;
4. 3 – oxo pentantrioic acid;
10. By the UPAC nomenclature the following compound is;
1. 2 – formylbutandicarbonoic acid
2. 2 - oxoetanedioic acid;
3. 2- oxobutanoic acid;
4. 2 – oxobutanedioic-1,4 acid
2
2. Electronic Structure of Organic Compounds
11. There is no sp 2 - hybrid atoms in molecule of:
1. acetic acid
2. propanoic acid;
3. butane;
4. ethene
12. Pyrrole’s heteroatom has:
1. Aniline, ethanol;
2. ethanol;
3. phenol;
4. benzalydegid;
13. π-π – conjugation has the structure:
1. pentadiene - 1.3
2. pentadiene - 1.4
3. Butanoic acid;
4. propanoic acid.
14. p-π - conjugate has the structure:
1. acetic acid;
2. 2-propenal
3. ethylene glycol;
4. pyridine;
15. Aromatic compounds are:
1. cyclohexane;
2. cyclooctatetraene;
3. naphthalene;
4. butadiene
16. the following compounds are not aromatic:
1. pyridine;
2. cyclohexene-1;
3. anthracene;
4. furan.
17. In the functional group has a negative mesomeric effect in the compound of:
1. ethanol;
2. glycerol;
3. acetone;
4. butyen 2-al-1;
18. In the functional group has a negative inductive effect only in compound of:
1. phenol;
2. Acetic acid;
3. methylphenylketone;
4. ethanedioic acid;
3
19. All are electron withdrawing functional groups in the compounds:
1. 2-aminoethanol-1;
2. 2-hydroxybenzoic acid;
3. 4-aminobenzoyl sulfonic acid.
4. 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde;
20. In the given compound electron donor functional groups are:
1. Amine group;
2. hydroxyl group of the alcohol;
3 phenolic hydroxyl groups;
4. benzene ring and the amino group;
3. Spatial structure of organic compounds.
21. Newman projection formula is written to show the differences of:
1. chemical structure of the compounds;
2. conformations and configuration of the molecule;
3. structural isomers;
4. geometric structure;
22. Energy of propanol-1 in the anti-conformation is less than gauche conformation, because in
the anti-conformation:
1. less angular tension;
2. configuration has changed;
3. decreased Van der Waals repulsion;
4. was less torsional stress;
23. Energy of 2-chlorobutane in the eclipsed conformation more than gauche because in the
eclipsed conformation:
1. The other configuration of the molecule;
2. The greater torsional stress;
3. increased Van der Waals repulsion.
4. the molecule another electronic structure;
24. The conformations of 1-chloropropane with a torsion angle of 60˚ and 300˚ are degenerate,
because in these conformations the molecule have:
1. same configuration;
2. same chemical structure;
3. different conformational structure;
4. same torsion, Van der Waals and angular stresses;
25. The molecule 1,2 - dimethylcyclohexane has the maximum amount of energy, if:
1. Both methyl substituents in the equatorial bonds;
2. Both methyl substituents in the axial connections;
3. One of the two substituents on the axial connection;
4. The one of the two substituents on the equatorial bond;
4
26. The chiral molecule is:
1. glycine (2-aminoetanoic acid);
2. serine, (2-amino-3-hydroxypropanoic acid);
3. aminoethanol;
4. 1-butanol;
27. The chiral molecule is:
1. D - глюкоза;
2. glycerol;
3. 2 - aminoethanol;
4. 2-hydroxypronane;
28. The racemate can have a specific angle of rotation of plane polarized light at 25 ° C:
1. + 5,2˚;
2. 0,0˚;
3. -8,3˚;
4. -5,2˚;
29. 2-aminopropanoic acid has the following stereoisomers:
1. 1;
2. 2;
3. 3;
4. 4;
30. 2, 3, 4-trihydroxybutanoic acid corresponds to the following stereoisomers:
1. 6;
2. 2;
3. 9;
4. 4;
4. The acid-base properties of organic
compounds.
31. Show the order of acidity increase for the following compounds:
1. 1,2-ethanediol>ethanol>4-nitrophenol>phenol
2. 1,2-ethanediol<ethanol<4-nitrophenol<phenol
3. ethanol<1,2-ethanediol<phenol<4-nitrophenol
4. 4-nitrophenol<phenol <1,2-ethanediol<ethanol
32. The acidic reaction centers are functional groups:
1. esters;
2. ketones;
3. Sulifonic acids;
4. ethers.
33. The main reaction centers are:
-1.
+2.
-3.
+4.
+5.
5
1. H+
-1
2. –OI
3.-NI
4. =O
+2
-3
+4
34. The basic reaction site on the oxygen atom has in:
1. amines;
2. ketones, anhydride;
3. nitrile;
4. Halogenated hydrocarbons;
35. electrophilic particles are:
1. H
2. H3. H+
4. Br36. nucleophiles are:
1. H+
2. NH4+
3. OH4. Na+
37. The strongest basic center of the nicotine molecule is:
1. π-electron system of six-membered ring;
2. sp 3 -Hybrid nitrogen atom;
3. sp 2 -Hybrid nitrogen atom;
4. nitrogen atom to the pyridine structure;
38. The strongest acid center of molecule hydroxyproline (4-hydroxypyrrolidine-2-carboxylic
acid) is:
1. OH- group consisting of carboxylic acid functional groups;
2. hydroxyl group with sp 3-hybrid oxygen;
3. N-H acidic center;
4. OH group bonded directly to the heterocycle;
39. The most strong acidic properties of the compound shown in:
1. acetic acid;
2. propanoic acid;
3. 2-methylpropanoic acid;
6
4. 2,2,2-trichloroethanoic acid;
40. The weakest acid is:
1. ethanamine;
2. ethanol;
3. phenol;
4. ethanoic acid;
41. The strongest base is:
1. 2-aminoethanol;
2. ethanamine;
3. methylamine;
4. dimethylamine;
5. The mechanism of reactions in organic chemistry.
Reactivity of aliphatic and
aromatic hydrocarbons.
42. Homolytic cleavage of chemical bonds characteristic of the following compounds:
1. HCl;
2. Cl2, CH4;
3. Na+;
4. NaOH;
43. Heterolytic cleavage of chemical bonds is possible for the following compounds:
1. 2-chlorpropane;
2. ethane;
3. Br2;
4. benzene;
44. The nucleophilic reagents include:
1. Na+
2. C3H7NH2, OH;
3. Ammonium ion;
4. CH4;
45. Electrophilic reagents are:
1. NH3;
2 Br+, cation nitro;
3. C2H5OH;
4. ethanal.
46. As a electrophilic substrate can serve the following compounds:
1. ethanoic acid;
2. propene;
3. methanamine;
4. Hydrochloric acid;
7
47. The most stable among the carbocations is presented:
1.
+
СН3;
+
Н
3С - СН - СН3
2.
+
Н
3С - СН - СН2 - СН3
3.
СН3
+
4. Н3С - С - СН3
48. Among the most stable free radical is:
1.
СН3
*
Н3С - СН -СН3
Н3С - СН - СН3
*
2.
*
3. С Н 3;
*
СН2
4.
49. Alkane characterized by the following reaction:
1. AE;
2. AN;
3. SN;
4. SR;
50. The following conditions for the reaction of chlorination of butane are needed:
1. room temperature;
2. exposure to ultraviolet radiation (hn);
3. cooling;
4. catalyst FeCl3;
51. A major product of reaction (equimolecular ratio of mixture) of 2-methylpentane with
bromine (when exposed to ultraviolet radiation) is:
1. 1-bromo-2-methylpentane;
2. 2-bromo-2-methylpentane;
3. 1,2-dibromo-2-methylpentane;
8
4 3-bromo-2-methylpentane;
52. The chlorination reaction of following compounds proceeds by a mechanism of radical
substitution when exposed ultraviolet radiation:
1. cyclohexane;
2. benzene;
3. acetylene;
4. 1,3-butadiene
53. The characteristic reaction of alkenes is proceeding following mechanisms:
1. AE;
2. AN;
3. S E ;
4. SN;
54. To carry out the reaction of cyclohexene with bromine need to create the following
conditions:
1. heating above 100 for C;
2. The special conditions are required;
3. рН <7;
4. It does not require special conditions.
55. The product of the reaction of 1-butene and HBr is:
1. 1 brombutan;
2. 2 brombutan;
3. butane;
4. 1,3-butadiene;
56.For propene hydration reaction is necessary to establish the following conditions:
1. anhydrous conditions;
2. The ultraviolet radiation;
3. acid catalyst;
4. catalyst FeCl3;
57. The product of the reaction of hydration of 2-propenal is:
1. 2-hydroxypropanal;
2. propanoic acid;
3. acetal;
4. 3-hydroxypropanal;
58. The product of the hydration of fumaric (butenedioic acid) in vivo is:
1. citric acid;
2. malic acid;
3. 2-hydroxybutanoic acid;
4. 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid;
59. The product of hydration reaction of aconitoic (3-carboxypentyl-2-diovoy) acid, flowing
through Markovnikov rule (in vivo) is:
1. isocitric acid;
9
2. 3-hydroxy-3-carboxypentanedioic acid;
3. acetoacetic acid;
4. 2-hydroxy-3-carboxypentanedioic acid.
60. Characteristic reaction for Benzene proceeds by following mechanisms:
1. AN;
2. AE;
3. SN;
4. S E ;
61. To conduct methylation reaction of benzene are needed the following conditions:
1. acid catalyst;
2. concentrated alkali (NaOH, KOH);
3. catalyst FeCl3.
4. ultraviolet radiation;
62. The product of bromination of phenol is:
1. 2-bromophenol;
2. 3-bromophenol;
3. 2,4,6 tribromphenol;
4. 3,3-dibromophenol;
63. Product of mononitration of benzaldehyde is:
1. 2-nitrobenzaldehyde;
2. 3-nitrobenzaldehyde;
3. 4-nitrobenzaldehyde;
4. 3,3-dinitrobenzaldegid;
64. Product of monomethylation of benzoic acid is:
1. 2- metilbenzoic acid;
2. 3- metilbenzoic acid;
3. 4-metilbenzoic acid;
4. 2,4,6-trimetilbenzoic acid;
6. Hydroxy hydrocarbons
and their thio analogues.
Ether, a sulfide.
65. Ethyl alcohol (ethanol) is:
1. secondary;
2. Monohydric, primary;
3. polyhydric;
4. unsaturated.
66. tert-butanol (2-methylpropanol-2) is:
1. Monatomic, tertiary;
2. polyhydric;
3. primary;
4. secondary;
67. The allylic alcohol (2-propen-1-ol) is:
10
1. primary;
2. secondary;
3. unsaturated;
4. polyhydric;
68. Glycerol is:
1. monohydric alcohol;
2. dihydric phenol;
3. polyhydric alcohol;
4. tertiary alcohol;
69. Hydroquinone corresponds systematic name:
1. phenylmethanol;
2. cyclohexanol;
3. 2-isopropyl-5-metiltsiklogeksanol-1;
4. 1,4-dihydroxybenzene
70. Diethyl ether corresponds to the systematic name:
1. ethanethiol;
2. 2,3-dimercaptopropanol-1;
3. ethoxyethane;
4. 1,2,3-trihydroxypropane;
71. To methylthioethane relevant information is:
1. a functional derivative of thiols, easily oxidized by a hetero atom;
2. applies to phosphates and unsaturated
3. easily soluble in water and has isomers
4. exhibits acidic properties
72. The secondary alcohols include:
1. 3-pentanol, cyclohexanol;
2. 1-propanol, 1- pentanol;
3. 2-methylbutanol-2, 2-methylpentanol-2
4. benzyl alcohol;
73. The tertiary alcohols are:
1. 1,2,3-trihydroxy benzene;
2. 3-methyl pentanol-3;
3. cyclopentanol;
4. benzyl alcohol.
74. The primary alcohols are:
1. cyclohexanol;
2. benzyl alcohol;
3. Isopropyl alcohol;
4. phenol;
75. The oxygen atoms are sp 3 –hybridized in:
1. Ethylene alcohol;
11
2. 2,3-dimercaptopropanol-1;
3. propanal-1;
4. vinyl alcohol;
76. The oxygen atom is SP2 -hybrid composed of:
1. b-naphthol, timola, anizola;
2. propargyl alcohol;
3. diethyl ether
4. ethylene glycol.
77. Only pyrrole oxygen atoms included in the composition:
1. ortho-cresol;
2. picric acid;
3. mint;
4. ethoxyethane;
78. The molecule of 1-propanol present reaction centers:
+1. OH acid, main, electrophilic;
2. SH-acid;
3. nucleophilic;
4. CH-acidic.
79. The molecule β-naphthol reaction centers are present:
1. OH acid;
2. SH-acid;
3. electrophilic;
4. CH-acidic.
80. Ethanethiol molecule present reaction centers:
1. OH-acidic;
2. SH-acid, nucleophilic;
3. electrophilic;
4. CH-acidic;
81. Nucleophilic properties hetero increase in the number of connections:
1. 2-methylphenol, 2-methylpropanol-1 → metiltiometan;
2. эtoksipropan → 2-isopropyl-5-methylphenol → thiophenol;
3. metiltiobenzol metiletilsulfid → 1,4-dihydroxybenzene;
4. dioxane-1,4 → → Cyclohexanone эtoksibenzol;
82. In the center of the nucleophilic reactions of alcohols:
1. with hydrogen halides;
2. with bases;
3. The functional derivatives of carboxylic acids;
4. The alkylation, in the presence of concentrated H2 SO4 , t o ~ 140 for C;
83. The main properties are most pronounced at the next of the following compounds:
1. menthol (2-isopropyl-5-metiltsiklogesanol);
12
2. thymol (2-isopropyl-5-methylphenol);
3. ethyl propyl ether (ethoxypropane);
4. myetilizobutilsulifid (1 myetiltio myetilpropan 2);
84. OH-acidic properties increase from left to right in a row:
1. phenol benzyl alcohol → → ethanol;
2. glycerin → → izopropilovыy alcohol resorcinol;
3. pyrogallol → → ethylene glycol tert-butyl alcohol;
4. Methanol → → hydroquinone glycerine;
85. In the main center of diethyl ether are reactions:
1. Acid;
2. with bases;
3. with electrophilic substrates;
4. recovery;
86. Dissolve copper hydroxide (II) to form a blue complex alcohols:
1. ethanol;
2. benzyl alcohol;
3. ethylene glycol;
4. 2-isopropyl-5-methylphenol;
87. Dissolution of copper hydroxide precipitate (II) to form a blue complex salt solution is to
qualitative reaction:
1. unsaturated hydrocarbons;
2. Halogenated hydrocarbons;
3. monohydric alcohols;
4. vicinal polyhydric alcohols;
88. Phenols dissolve in:
1. alkalis;
2. a saturated solution of NaCl;
3. acids;
4. saturated solution of NaHCO 3 ;
89. According to the electrophilic center of the reactions of alcohols:
1. AN;
2. SN1;
3. AN-E;
4. AE.
90. In the nucleophilic substitution reactions (the S N ) alcohol molecule can act as:
1. nucleophilic reagent electrophilic center;
2. electrophilic reagent;
3. radical agent;
4. The substrate with a nucleophilic center.
91. The reaction of bimolecular substitution (the S
1. 3-hexanol;
N2
) is most common for alcohol:
13
2. 2-methylcyclohexanol-1;
3. methanol;
4. 2-2-methylpropanol;
92. The unimolecular substitution reaction (SN1 ) takes place at a maximum speed of alcohols:
1. neo-hexyl;
2. propyl;
3. tert-butyl;
4. benzyl;
93. Stereospecificity are the reactions occurring at the chiral centers of electrophilic substrates
alcohols according to the mechanism:
1. SN1;
2. SN2;
3. AN;
4. AN-E;
94. Acid catalyzed reactions of S in N , flowing through electrophilic center alcohols leads to:
1. increase the solubility of alcohols;
2. increase the unsolubility of alcohols;
3. stabilization nucleofuge (leaving group);
4. Formation carboanions
95. Elimination reactions occur at a maximum speed among the listed at:
1. neo ethyl alcohol;
2. Butanol-1;
3. 2-butanol;
4. tert-butyl alcohol;
96. Zaitsev rule runs elimination (E) of the alcohols:
1. 2-propanol;
2. methylpropanol-2-2;
3. 1-butanol;
4. 2-butanol, 2-methylbutanol-2.
97. With the highest rate of reaction occurs SE in the compound:
1. benzene;
2. naphthalene;
3. phenol;
4. chlorobenzene;
98. The reaction of O-acetylation of phenol leads to:
1. 2'-hydroxyacetophenone;
2. 4'-hydroxyacetophenone;
3. phenylacetate;
4. 2`,4`-digidroksiatsetofenona;
7. Reactivity of aldehydes and ketones.
14
99. The reaction of aldehydes centers are:
1. electrophilic, basic, α-CH-acidic;
2. Only nucleophilic and basic;
3. Only nucleophilic, base and acid;
4. Only electrophilic and nucleophilic;
100. aromatic aldehydes, oxo which is directly linked to a benzene ring, there is no next reaction
center:
1. electrophilic;
2. electrophilic and basic;
3. are CH-acidic and basic;
4. are -СН-acid;
101. Cyclohexanone is:
1. aromatic aldehyde;
2. carbocyclic ketone.
3. The heterocyclic ketone;
4. aliphatic aldehyde;
102. For oxo compounds characterized by the following reaction:
1. AN, AN-E, reduction and oxidation.
2. The nucleophilic substitution;
3. The electrophilic substitution;
4. The reaction involving a-CH-acidic center;
103. The reactivity of oxo compounds to the AN reactions increases:
1. of methanal to ethanal;
2. acetone to propanal;
3. from ethanal to butanal;
4. pentanona for acetone;
104. The most reactive compound in the reactions AN is:
1. ethanal;
2. chloral;
3. pentanone;
4. 3-metilbutanaly;
105. The role of acid catalysis reactions A N is:
1. The decreased activity of the main center;
2. The elimination of spatial barriers;
3. The increase in the activity of the electrophilic center;
4. Change the configuration of the molecule;
106. Product of addition of water to the aldehyde is:
1. ketone;
2. The ester;
3. vicinal alcohol;
4. geminal dihydric alcohol;
15
107. The final product of the reaction between ethanal and methanol in an acidic environment is:
1. metiletanoat;
2. etilmetanoat;
3. 1,1-dimethoxyethane;;
4. 1,1-diethoxymethane;
108. The following end-products formed in the hydrolysis of 1,1-dietoxybutana:
1. ethanol and butanoic acid;
2-butanol and acetic acid;
3. ethanol and butanol;
4. ethanol and butanaly.
109. For the synthesis of 1,1-dimethoxyethane is used the following compounds:
1. methyl alcoholand butanaly;
2. metanaly and butanol;
3. butanone and methanol;
4. formic acid and butanol;
110. Reactions of oxo compounds with amines proceed by the mechanism:
1. AN;
2. SN;
3. E;
4. AN-E;
111. The reaction of oxo compounds with amines and their derivatives are used:
1. quantitative analysis;
2. for synthetic compounds;
3. in the preparation of nitric acid;
4 for the isolation of aldehydes and ketones from the reaction mixtures;
112. The reactions in the hydrocarbon radical for a-CH-acidic center may oxo compounds for the
following:
1. benzaldehyde;
2. Ethanal, acetone;
3. 2,2-dimetilbutanaly;
4 . 2 etilpentanal.
113. Reactions of substitution of hydrogen with halogen in the α-CH-acidic center are impossible
for these oxo compounds:
1. propanaly;
2-butanone;
3. 2,2-dimetilpropanaly and diphenyl ketone;
4. 2,2-dimetilbutanaly;
114. The haloform reaction is possible for the following compounds:
1. acetone, ethanal;
2. prohanole;
3. benzalydegid;
16
4. formaldehyde;
115. The primary alcohols can be prepared by reduction of oxo compounds following:
1. acetone;
2. propanaly;
3. benzaldehyde;
4 methyl propyl;
116. 3-methylbutanol - 2 can be prepared by reduction of a compound:
1. 3-metilbutanaly;
2. 3-metilpentanal;
3. 3-methylbutanol-2;
4. 2-methylbutanol-3;
117. Hydroxide copper (II) in an alkaline solution under heating does not oxidize oxo
compounds following:
1. formaldehyde;
2. propanaly;
3. Acetone, 3-methyl-pentanone-2;;
4. 2-methylbutanol-3;
118. The oxidation of benzaldehyde formed Tollens reagent:
1. The benzyl alcohol and red-orange precipitate;
2. benzoic acid and "silver mirror" or dark precipitate;
3. benzyl alcohol and the "silver mirror";
4. benzene and brick-red precipitate;
119. As a result of disproportionation of formaldehyde formed:
1. methanol and water;
2. methanol and formic acid;
3. The formic acid and water;
4. The methanol and hydrogen;
8. Reactivity carboxylic acids and functional derivatives.
120. According to the number of carboxyl groups of the carboxylic acids are classified into:
1. Monocarboxylic, dicarboxylic, tricarboxylic;
2. Tricarboxylic, aliphatic, aromatic;;
3. aliphatic, aromatic, monocarboxylic;;
4. aliphatic, oxalic (ethanediotic) acid ;
121. According to the nature of the carbon skeleton carboxylic acids are classified into:
1. monocarboxylic;
2. dicarboxylic;
3. tricarboxylic;
4. aliphatic, aromatic;
122. Aliphatic monocarboxylic acids are:
1. ethane;
17
2. acetic acid;
3. benzoic;
4. Butane chloride ;
123. Aromatic monocarboxylic acid is:
1. propane;
2. benzoic;
3. oxalic (ethanediotic) acid;;
4. isophthalic (1,3-benzenedicarboxylic) acid;
124. Aliphatic dicarboxylic acids are:
1. Oil (butane) acid;
2. oxalic (ethanediotic) acid;
3. malonic anhydride;
4. isophthalic (1,3-benzenedicarboxylic) acid;
125. The functional derivatives of carboxylic acids are:
1. ethanoic acid;
2. etanoilhlorid;
3. ethyl chloride;
4. acetic acid;
126. The structure corresponds to a carboxyl group:
1. SP2 -Hybrid state of carbon and oxygen atoms;
2. SP2 -Hybrid state carbon atom and one oxygen atom, SP3 hybridization second oxygen atom;
3. The six-center dual system;
4. The absence of the dual system;
127. The carboxyl group in the molecules responsible for the presence of aliphatic carboxylic
acids majority reaction centers:
1. OH acid;
2. NH-acid;
3. -NH-acidic;
4. nucleophilic;
128. The acidic properties of carboxylic acids occur at the reaction center:
1. OH acid;
2. NH-acid;
3.SN- acid;
4. electrophilic;
129. When dissolved in water carboxylic acid:
1. рН <7;
2. Wednesday neutral;
3. pH> 7;
4. alkaline condition;
130. Adding sodium hydroxide solution at room temperature:
1. methyl benzoate;
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2. Benzoic acid;
3. aniline;
4. butanic acids;
131. A number of acids: acetic → malonic (propanedioic) → oxalic acid (ethanedioic)
corresponds to the sequence of the pK a for the first dissociation stage:
1. 1,2 → 2,86 → 4,75;
2. 1,2 → 4,75 → 2,86;
3. 2,86 → 1,2 → 4,75;
4. 4,75 → 2,86 → 1,2;
132. Carboxylate anion stability due to the presence there in:
1. p, p- conjugation;
2. p, π-conjugation;
3. full delocalization of the negative charge;
4. localization of negative charge on one of the atoms;
133. Functional derivatives of carboxylic acids formed by the reactions of:
1. electrophilic conjugation (AE);
2. nucleophilic conjugation (AN);
3. acylation;
4. electrophilic substitution (S E );
134. Functional derivatives of carboxylic acids formed by the reaction:
1. OH-acids;
2. CH-acids;
3. electrophilic;
4. nucleophilic;
135. By reaction propanoic acid with ethanol in acidic medium is formed:
1. propanoic acid ethyl ester;
2. propanoic acid anhydride;
3. propanamide;
4. propanoylchloride.
136. An ester formed by the reaction of acetic acid with a reagent:
1. Alcohol /НÅ, to;
2, alkylthiol / H Å, to ;
3. NH3/to;
4. SOCl2/to;
137. One of the products butanoic acid reaction with ammonia prolonged heating is:
1. butanoate;
2. butanoic acid amide;
3. Butanoyl chloride;
4. butanbromide;
138. The product of the reaction of acetic acid under heating in the presence of P2O5 is:
1. ethyl ethanoate;
19
2. acetic acid anhydride;
3. acetamide;
4. etanoilhlorid;
139. The acid chloride formed by reaction of nicotine (3-pyridinecarboxylic acid) reagent:
1. 2 H 5 OH / H Å , t o ;
2. PCl5/to;
3. NH3/to;
4. pH> 7;
140. Kordiamin - N, N-Diethyl-nicotinic (3-pyridinecarboxylic acid) formed by reaction with the
acid chloride of nicotinic acid reagent:
1. The ethyl alcohol;
2. diethylamine;
3. nicotinic acid;
4. ammonia;
141. The hydrolysis of carboxylic acid functional derivatives takes place at the reaction center:
1. carbon atom the functional group;
2. are 2-CH-acids;
3. NH-acids;
4. nucleophilic.
142. The reaction of acid hydrolysis is not to form carboxylic acids:
1. Acilgalogenidy;
2. anhydrides;
3. ethers;
4. esters;
143. The acidic hydrolysis reaction to give the corresponding carboxylic acids come:
1. ethyl chloride;
2. ethanoilhlorid;
3. anhydrides;
4. ethoxypropane.
144. The acylating ability of carboxylic acids and their functional derivatives is defined by:
1. The value of the effective positive charge in the nucleophilic center;
2. The nature and effectiveness of electronic effect of substituents on electrophilic center;
3. The nature and effectiveness of electronic influence of substituents on the a-CH-acidic center;
4. The polarization due to the a-CH-acidic center.
145. The acylating maximum capacity has:
1. ethyl ethanoate;
2. etanoilhlorid;
3. ethanoic acid;
4. etanamid;
146. The rate of hydrolysis at the maximum:
1. etanamida;
20
2. propiletanoata;
3. ethanoic acid amide;
4. acetic anhydride;
147. Easy decarboxylated by heating acid:
1. acetic (ethanoic);
2. oxalic (ethanediotic)
3. Malonoc acid;
4. propane acid;
148. The action of bromine on the propanoic acid in the presence of red phosphorus as follows:
1. brompropan;
2. 2-bromopropanoic acid;
3. propanamide
4. propilpropanoat;
149.What is the correct IUPAC name for the compound shown above?
Н3С
Н
a)
b)
c)
d)
С=С
СН3
СН2СН3
Trans-3-methyl-3-pentene
Cis -2- ethyl-2-butene
(E)-3-methyl-2-hentene
(Z)-2-ethyl-2-pentene
150. What is the total number of stereoisomer’s possible for the compound shown above?
OH
Сl
Cl
a)
b)
c)
d)
3
4
6
8
151. The total number of peptide bonds in the structure shown above is:
H3N - CH - CO - NH - CH - CO - NH - CH - CO - NH - CH 2 - CO2
CH3
CH3SH
CH2OH
a) 1;
b) 2;
c) 3;
21
d) 4;
152. Which of the following is the major carbocation rearrangement product of the shown
above?
CH3
CH3 - C - CH 2 - CH 3
Br
a)
CH3
b. CH3 - C - CH2 - CH3
CH3
CH3 - CH - CH - CH3
c)
Br
CH3
CH3 - CH - CH - CH3
d)
Br
9. Heterofunctional compounds. Aliphatic and benzene series.
153. By heating a-hydroxycarboxylic acid in the presence of sulfuric acid takes place:
1. lactam formation;
2. dehydration to form unsaturated carboxylic acids;
3. decarboxylation to form an alcohol;
4. cleavage to form aldehyde and formic acid;
154. The specific reaction by heating ά-hydroxycarboxylic acids is:
1. lactam formation;
2. The formation of the lactone;
3. The formation of lactide;
4. The formation of diketopiperazine;
155. Upon heating β-hydroxycarboxylic acids, typically occurs:
1. cleavage to form an aldehyde and formic acid;
2. dehydration to form unsaturated carboxylic acids;
3. The formation of cyclic ester lactide;
22
4. The formation of cyclic lactone ester;
156. Upon heating of lactic acid (2-hydroxypropanoic) are formed:
1. anhydride and H2O;
2 H2O and lactide;
3. lactam and H2O;
4. diketopiperazine and H2O;
157. Reactions of acetoacetic ester with bromine water and iron (III) chloride (FeCl3) allow us to
prove:
1. p-π-conjugation;
2. The keto-enol tautomerism of acetoacetic ester;
3. π-π-conjugation in the molecule;
4. ester group;
10. Heterocyclic compounds. Alkaloid.
158. Pyrimidine corresponds to the systematic name:
1. Diazole 1.3;
2. 1,3-diazine;
3. 1,4-diazepine;
4. azine;
159. Iimidazole corresponds to the systematic name:
1. 1,3-diazole;
2. azine;
3. 1,3-diazine;
4. azole;
160. By the alkaloid pyridine group include:
1. quinine;
2. nicotine;
3. morphine;
4. cocaine;
161. To quinoline alkaloids group should include:
1. quinine;
2. caffeine;
3. papaverine;
4. codeine;
162. The acidic properties of heterocyclic compounds are shown in their reactions:
1. halogenated hydrocarbon;
2. bases;
3. acids;
4. acyl halides.
163. The acidic properties of imidazole (1,3-diazole) expressed more than:
1. barbituric acid;
2. 2,4-dihydroxypyrimidine;
3. sulfuric acid;
23
4. pyrrole;
164. The reaction of formation of salts with bases uric acid (2,6,8-trihydroxypurine) behaves
like:
1. monobasic acid;
2. dibasic acid;
3. tribasic acid;
4 can not form salts with bases;
165. In reactions with bases under normal conditions of uric acid (2,6,8-trihydroxypurine) forms
a salt:
1. ammonium salts;
2. barbiturates;
3. The salts of nitrogenous bases;
4. acid and urate average;
166. The basic properties of heterocyclic compounds are shown in their reactions:
1. with bases;
2. with acids;
3. with bicarbonates;
4. halogenated hydrocarbons;
167. Tautomerism possible for the heterocyclic compounds whose molecules are present at the
same time the reaction centers:
1. two acidic;
2. acidic and basic;
3. two major;
4. basic and electrophilic;
168. Tautomeric transformations are possible for the following heterocyclic compounds:
1. furan;
2. pyridine;
3. pyrrole;
4. imidazole (1,3-diazole);
169. Excess π-electron system is heterocyclic compounds:
1. five-membered saturated with one heteroatom in the cycle;
2. aromatic five-membered with one heteroatom in the cycle;
3. six-membered saturated with one heteroatom in the cycle;
4. six-membered aromatic with one heteroatom in the cycle;
170. π-electron system deficiency expressed in the most:
1. pyridine;
2. pyrrole;
3. thiophene;
4. pyrimidine (1,3-diazine);
171. Electrophilic substitution reactions (SE) with a maximum flow rate in most soft conditions
the compounds:
1. benzene and its homologues;
2. π-excessive aromatic heterocyclic rings;
3. alkanes and cycloalkanes;
24
4. π-deficient aromatic heterocycles;
172. Electrophilic substitution reactions (SE) with a minimum flow rate from:
1. toluene (methylbenzene);
2. pyrimidine (1,3-diazine);
3. pyridine;
4. furan;
173. The rate of electrophilic substitution reactions (SE) is reduced to a series of compounds
from left to right:
1. pyridine, pyrrol, benzene;
2. benzene, pyrrole, pyridine;
3. benzene, pyridine, pyrrole;
4. pyrrole, benzene, pyridine.
174. The ability of the reactions of nucleophilic substitution (SN) is maximal among aromatic
compounds, characterized by:
1. The electronic structure of benzene;
2. π-electron structure insufficient;
3. The electronic structure of furan;
4. π-electron structure of the excess;
175. Ability flow nucleophilic substitution (SN) in a series of reactions of compounds decreases
from left to right:
1. pyridine, pyrimidine, pyridazine;
2. pyrrole, oxazole, benzene;
3. pyridine, benzene, pyrimidine;
4. pyridazine, pyridine, benzene.
11. Carbohydrates. Monosaccharides.
176. Carbohydrates are classified into:
1. Monosaccharides, oligosaccharides, polysaccharide;
2. Pyrimidenes, purines, glucose;
3. fatty acids, oils, triacylglycerols;
4. nucleosides, nucleotides, polynucleotides;
177. D-glucose can be classified as:
1. monosaccharide;
2. oligosaccharide;
3. aldopentoza;
4. polysaccharide;
178. D-ribose can be classified as:
1. oligosaccharide;
2. monosaccharide;
3. polysaccharide;
4. aldohexoses;
179. D-fructose may be classified as:
1. monosaccharide;
2. polysaccharide;
25
3. aldohexoses;
4. aldopentoza;
180. Structure of D-glucose configuration corresponds to the number of stereoisomers:
1. four;
2. eight;
3. sxteen;
4. thirtytwo;
181. D-glucose and L-glucose relate to each other as:
1. enantiomers;
2. diastereomers;
3. epimers;
4. anomers;
182. D-glucose and D-galactose relate to each other as:
1. enantiomers;
2. diastereomers;
3. structural isomers;
4. anomers;
183. D-glucose and D-fructose are related to each other as:
1. enantiomers;
2 diastereomers;
3. epimers;
4. structural isomers.
184. Tautomeric equilibrium D-glucose in solution form its tautomeric forms:
1. Open and two pyranose;
2 outdoor and two furanose;
3. The two pyranose and furanose two;
4. Open two pyranose and furanose two;
185. The open form of D-glucose is a chemical nature:
1. Only an aldehyde;
2. Only polyhydric alcohol;
3. The aldehyde and polyhydric alcohol;
4. hemiacetal and polyhydric alcohol;
186. Pyranose and / or furanose form D-glucose on the chemical nature, are:
1. Only an aldehyde;
2. Only ketone;
3. Only a polyhydric alcohol;
4. a polyhydric alcohol and a cyclic hemiacetal;
187. The configuration of the anomeric carbon atom at the a-anomer same configuration:
1. The second carbon atom in the molecule of a monosaccharide;
2. The last chiral center, defining a monosaccharide belonging to D- or L-series.
3. The penultimate chiral center in the molecule of a monosaccharide;
4. any chiral center;
188. Only glycoside formed by the reaction of a monosaccharide from:
26
1. C2H5-Cl / NaOH;
2. C2H5-OH / HCl (dry);
3. S2N5SOCl;
4. C3H8NH2 / HCl (dry);
189. The product was D-glucose with acetic anhydride should be classified as:
1. ether;
2. ester;
3. acetal;
4. hemiacetal and ether;
190. When recovering D-xylose is produced:
1. sorbitol;
2. xylitol;
3. ksilarovic acid;
4. xylonic acid;
191. Under the influence of a mild oxidant in a neutral environment (bromine water)
monosaccharides form:
1. glikonovic acid;
2. glikarovic acid;
3. glikuronovic acid;
4. polyols (sugar) alcohols;
192. Under the action of strong oxidants in acid medium (dilute nitric acid) monosaccharides
form:
1. gluconic acid;
2. glucaric acid;
3. glucuronic acid;
4. glycolic acid;
193. D-galactose is oxidized to D-galaktonovuyu acid conditions:
1. [Ag (NH3)2] OH, to;
2. Cu (OH)2 / NaOH, to;
3. Br2 / H2O;
4. HNO3 dilut.;
194. D-mannose, D-oxidized in acid conditions mannarovic:
1. Ag (NH3)OH, to;
2. Cu (OH)2 / NaOH, to;
3. Br2 / H2O;
4. HNO3 dil .;
195. D-mannuronic acid formed by oxidation of D-mannose molecule:
1. aldehyde group;
2. aldehyde and primary alcohol groups;
3. All alcohol groups;
4. primary alcohol end group with advanced protection of the aldehyde group;
196. D-glucose reaction gives "silver mirror" in the conditions:
1. Br2 / H2O;
2. HNO3 (dil.);
27
3. Cu (OH)2 / NaOH, to;
4. Ag(NH3)2OH, to;
12. Carbohydrates. Disaccharides, polysaccharides.
197. Maltose can be classified as:
1. monosaccharide;
2. reducing disaccharide;
3. non-reducing disaccharide;
4. oligopeptide;
198. The lactose may be classified as:
1. monosaccharide;
2. reducing disaccharide;
3. The non-reducing disaccharide;
4. oligopeptide;
199. Sucrose can be classified as:
1. monosaccharide;
2. oligopeptide;
3. polysaccharide;
4. non-reducing disaccharide.
200. The non-reducing disaccharide is:
1. D-glucose;
2. amylopectin;
3. maltose;
4. sucrose.
201. The structure of maltose is reflected in the title:
1. β-D-glyucopyranozil- (1 → 4)-D-glucopyranose;
2. α-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-D-glucopyranose;
3. β-D-galactopyranosyl- (1 → 4) -D-glucopyranose;
4. δ-D-glucopyranosyl- (1 → 6) -β-D-glucopyranose;
202. The structure of the lactose is reflected in the title:
1. β-D-glucopyranosyl- (1 → 4) -D-glucopyranose;
2. α-D-glucopyranosyl- (1 → 5) -D-glucopyranose;
3. β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-D-glucopyranose;
4. α-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 6)-D-glucopyranose;
203. The structure of the cellobiose is reflected in the title:
1. β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-D-glucopyranose;
2. α-D-glyucopyranosyl- (1 → 6) -D-glucopyranose;
3. β-D-galactopyranosyl- (1 → 4) -D-glucopyranose;
4. α-D-glucopyranosyl- (1 → 3) -D-glucopyranose;
204. The structure of sucrose is reflected in the title:
1. β-D-glucopyranosyl- (1 → 4) -D-glucopyranose;
2. β-D-galactopyranosyl- (1 → 4) -D-glucopyranose;
3. a-D-glucopyranosyl- (1 → 6) -D-glucopyranose;
4. a-D-glucopyranosyl- (1 → 2) -D-fructofuranoside.
28
205. The product of the reaction of maltose with ethyl alcohol in the presence of dry HCl is:
1. mixture of α- and β-O-ethyl-maltoside;
2. mixture of α- and β-O-ethyl-D-glucopyranoside;
3. octa ethyl-maltose;
4. octa acethyl maltose;
206. In response α-maltose with acetic anhydride is formed:
1. mixture of α- and β-O-ethyl-maltoside;
2. mixture of α and β-O-ethyl-D-glucopyranoside;
3. octa ethyl-maltose;
4. α-octa acethyl-maltose;
207. The reaction product α-lactose with methyl iodide in an alkaline medium is:
1. octa acethyl lactose;
2. octa methyl lactose;
3. lactobionic acid;
4. mixture of α and β-O-methylmaltose;
208. In the present structure of the cellulose glycosidic bonds:
1. Only β-(1 → 4);
2. α- (1 → 4) and α-(1 → 6);
3. β- (1 → 4) and α- (1 → 4);
4. β- (1 → 4), β- (1 → 3);
209. In the present structure of glycogen glycoside bonds:
1. Only β- (1 → 4);
2. α- (1 → 4) and α- (1 → 6);
3. β- (1 → 4) and α- (1 → 4);
4. β- (1 → 4), β- (1 → 3);
210. In the present structure of heparin glycoside bonds:
1. Only β- (1 → 4);
2. α- (1 → 4) and α- (1 → 6);
3. β- (1 → 4) and α- (1 → 4);
4. β- (1 → 4), β- (1 → 3);
211. The primary structure of amylose is:
1. residue sequence α-D-glucopyranose linked α- (1 → 4) bond;
2. residue sequence β-D-glucopyranose linked -β (1 → 6) bond;
3. residue sequence of α-D-glucopyranose and Fructose linked α- (1 → 2) bond;
4. residue sequence β-D-gallactopyranose linked β- (1 → 4) bond.
212. The secondary structure of amylose is:
1. sequence of residues α-D-glucopyranose linked α- (1 → 4) bond -glycoside;
2. helical conformation;
3. linear conformation;
4. β-structure (conformation of the folded sheet);
213. The secondary structure of cellulose is:
1. sequence of residues 1 a-D-glucopyranose linked a- (1 → 4) bond -glycoside;
2. helical conformation;
3. linear conformation;
29
4. β-structure (conformation of the folded sheet);
214. Blue complex with iodine forms:
1. D-mannose;
2. maltose;
3. cellulose;
4. starch;
13. NATURAL a- AMINO ACIDS.
215. The structure of 2-amino-3-methylbutanoic acid is a natural α-amino acid:
1. leucine;
2. isoleucine;
3. valine;
4. tyrosine;
216. The structure of 2-amino-3-hydroxybutanoic acid is a natural α-amino acid:
1. threonine;
2. valine;
3. phenylalanine;
4. tryptophan;
217. The structure of 2-amino-4-methylpentanoic acid is a natural α-amino acid:
1. isoleucine;
2. glutamine;
3. cysteine;
4. leucine;
218. The structure of 2-amino-3- (1H-3-indolyl) propionic acid is a natural α-amino acid:
1. histidine;
2. proline;
3. tryptophan;
4. aspartic acid;
219. Non stereoisomers (achiral molecule) the natural α-amino acid:
1. glutamine;
2. isoleucine;
3. proline;
4. glycine;
220. Phenylalanine- 2-amino-3-phenylpropanoic acid forms an ester by reaction with:
1. sulfuric acid;
2. ethanol in the presence of an acid catalyst;
3. sodium hydroxide;
4. formaldehyde;
221. α-amino acids in reactions with aldehydes to form:
1. substituted imines (reaction products of the amino group);
2. esters (the reaction products of the carboxylic group);
3. carboxylic acid salt;
4. amine salt;
222. As a result, α-amino acid reaction with nitrous acid (NaNO2 + HCl), typically:
30
1. amine salt is formed;
2. diazonium salt is formed;
3. nitrogen gas and alcohol is formed;
4. N-nitro derivative is formed;
223. Upon heating β-amino acids commonly occurs:
1. decarboxylation;
2. The formation of lactones;
3. formation conjugated unsaturated acid;
4. The formation of diketopiperazine;
14. Peptides. Proteins.
224. Macromolecules peptides and proteins are constructed from residues:
1. α-amino acids;
2. oxocarboxylic acids;
3. β-amino acids;
4. γ-amino acids;
225. According to the chemical nature of proteins and peptides are:
1. polyesters;
2. polyamides;
3. polyglycosides;
4. polynucleotides;
226. According to the chemical nature of the peptide bond is:
1. anhydride;
2. etheral;
3. amide;
4. ester;
227. The primary structure of the tetrapeptide prolylargenylserylglycine recorded in this
example:
1. Pro-Gly-Ser-Arg;
2. Pro-Arg-Ser-Gly;
3. Pro-Asp-Ser-Gly;
4. Pro-Asp-Ser-Gln;
228. Condition of complete hydrolysis of any of the peptides and proteins out of the body (in
vitro) is:
1. acid hydrolysis, T = 110 ° C with about 20% hydrochloric acid in a sealed tube for 24 h.
2. Acid hydrolysis of 24 hours in a sealed tube;
3. acid hydrolysis with 20% hydrochloric acid, T = 100C;
4. alkaline hydrolysis, T = 100 ° C for 2 hours;
229. The correct name for the threepeptide:
1. alaninglycinaspargine;
2. asparagylglytcylalanine;
31
3. alanylglycylasparagine;
4. asparaginglycylalanine;
230. The reaction employed for protection of carboxyl groups in the artificial peptide synthesis:
1. esterification;
2. salt formation;
3. acylation carbobenzoxy chloride (benzyl chloroformate ester);
4. acid hydrolysis;
231. To protect the α-amino group of the artificial peptide synthesis reaction is used:
1. acid hydrolysis;
2. salt formation;
3. acylation carbobenzoxy chloride;
4. esterification with ethanol;
232. The isoelectric point of the tripeptide Met-Arg-Tyr is in the environment:
1. acidic;
2. basic;
3. weakly acidic;
4. neutral;
233. The isoelectric point of the tripeptide Glu-Thr-Cys is in the medium:
1. main;
2. neutral;
3. acid;
4. weakly basic;
234. In the dipeptide Ser-Arg in aqueous medium:
1. neutral;
2. sour;
3. alkaline;
4. weakly acid.
235. The types of bonds that establish α-helix peptides and proteins:
1. ion;
2. hydrogen;
3. glycoside;
4. peptide;
236. β-sheet structure of macromolecular peptides and proteins in fixed space relation:
1. peptide;
2. disulfide;
3. ion;
4. hydrogen;
237. Qualitative reaction on the peptide bond:
1. ninhydrin;
2. biuret;
3. xantoprotein;
4. with formaldehyde;
238. The isoelectric point of the tripeptide Ser-His-Asn is in the medium:
32
1. acidic;
2. basic;
3. neutral;
4. can not be determined.
239. The isoelectric point of the tripeptide Phe-Ala-Asp is in the environment:
1. neutral;
2. can not be determined;
3. acid;
4. base.
15. NUCLEIC ACID.
240. Pyrimidine nucleotide nitrogenous bases mentioned in the examples:
1. birbiturovaya acid;
2. guanine;
3. thymine;
4. adenine;
241. Pyrimidine nucleotide nitrogenous bases mentioned in the examples:
1. uracil;
2. uric acid;
3. adenine;
4. guanine;
242. The purine nucleotide nitrogenous bases mentioned in the examples:
1. guanine; adenine;
2. uracil;
3. thymine;
4. cytosine.
243. Lactim form uracil corresponds to the systematic name:
1. 2,4-dihydroxy-5-methylpyrimidine;
2. 4-amino-2-hydroxypyrimidine;
3. 2,4-dihydroxypyrimidine;
4. 6-aminopurine;
244. Amino-lactim form cytosine corresponds to the systematic name:
1. 2,4-dihydroxy-5-methylpyrimidine;
2. 4-amino-2-hydroxypyrimidine;
3. 2,4-dihydroxypyrimidine;
4. 6-aminopurine;
245. Adenine corresponds to the systematic name:
1. 2,4-dihydroxy-5-methylpyrimidine;
2. 4-amino-2-hydroxypyrimidine;
3. 2,4-dihydroxypyrimidine;
4. 6-aminopurine;
246. Amino-lactim form guanine corresponds to the systematic name:
1. 2,4-dihydroxy-5-methylpyrimidine;
2. 4-amino-2-hydroxypyrimidine;
33
3. 2,4-dihydroxypyrimidine;
4. 2-amino-6-hydroxypurin.
247. A more stable tautomeric form uracil in terms of the body is:
1. lactim;
2. imino-lactim;
3. lactam;
4. amino-lactam;
248. A more stable tautomeric form of cytosine in body is:
1. lactim;
2. imino-lactim;
3. lactam;
4. amino-lactam;
249. A more stable tautomeric form of guanine in a body is:
1. lactim;
2. imino-lactim;
3. lactam;
4. amino-lactam;
250. Hydrolysis of nucleoside occurs:
1. in water;
2. in an aqueous acid medium;
3. in an aqueous basic medium;
4. in concentrated solutions of bases;
251. As part of the DNA guanine is complementary to:
1. adenine;
2. cytosine;
3. thymine;
4. 6-N-methyladenine;
252. As part of the DNA complementary to thymine:
1. adenine;
2. cytosine;
3. 1-N-methylguanine;
4. guanine;
253. The reaction of adenine with nitrous acid is formed:
1. 2-amino-6-hydroxypurin;
2. 2,6-dihydroxypurin;
3. 2 hydroxypurin;
4. 6 hydroxypurin;
254. Formed by the reaction of cytosine with nitrous acid:
1. 2-hydroxypyrimidine;
2. 2,4-dihydroxypyrimidine;
3. 2,4,6-three hydroxypyrimidine;
4. 4-hydroxypyrimidine;
255. The primary structure of DNA is represented by:
34
1. linear polypeptide chain;
2. helical polysaccharide chain;
3. double-stranded polynucleotide of the structure;
4. structure of single-stranded polynucleotide;
Saponifiable lipids
256. The lipids are:
1. low molecular weight well water-soluble substances;
2. high molecular weight (polymer) water-soluble substances;
3. bio polymers, low solubility in water;
4. low molecular weight insoluble substances;
257. The lipids are classified according to their molecules to hydrolytic degradation:
1. α-amino acids, peptides and proteins;
2. saponifiable and unsaponifiable;
3. mono-, oligo- and polysaccharides;
4. nucleosides and nucleotides;
258. By the chemical nature saponified lipids are:
1. isoprenoids;
2. sterane derivatives (rutting);
3. esters;
4. polyamides;
259. By the chemical structure the following molecule unsaponifiable lipids are:
1. esters;
2. polyesters;
3. polyamides;
4. isoprenoids;
260. Saponified lipids are classified into:
1. esters and isoprenoids
2. monomers and polymer compounds;
3. terpenes (terpenoids) and steroids;
4. simple and complex;
261. Unsaponifiable lipids are classified into:
1. simple and complex lipids;
2. fats, waxes, phospholipids, etc .;
3. proteins and peptides;
4. terpenes (terpenoids) and steroids.
262. For complex saponified lipids include:
1. terpenes and terpenoids;
2. steroids;
3. phospholipids;
4. fats (solid fats and oils);
263. As part of the fat molecules of solid residues prevail:
1. unsaturated fatty acids;
2. oleic acid;
35
3. linoleic acid;
4. saturated fatty acids;
264. As part of the molecules of liquid fats (oils) are dominated by the remains:
1. unsaturated fatty acids;
2. stearic acid;
3. palmitic acid;
4. saturated fatty acids;
265. For the structure of saturated fatty acid molecules are characterized by the following
features:
1.sistema conjugated double bonds;
2.double not conjugate relation, they are separated by sp3-hybrid carbon atom;
3. zigzag conformation of the carbon chain;
4.cis- configuration of each double bond;
266. For complex saponified lipids are:
1. fats;
2. glycerophospholipids;
3. oil;
4. steroids.
267. By the chemical nature glycerophospholipid are:
1. higher carboxylic acids;
2. polyhydric alcohols;
3. glycerol ethers, and higher monohydric alcohols;
4. esters of L-phosphatidic acid;
268. The mandatory components of the bilayer cell membranes due to their amphiphilic structure
are:
1. solid fats;
2. glycerophospholipids.;
3. waxes;
4. terpenoids;
269. Saponifiable lipids as esters can be hydrolyzed by heating:
1. Only under acidic conditions;
2. Only in alkaline medium;
3. both in acidic and in alkaline medium;
4. incorrect, hydrolysis is generally impossible,
270. The products of fat hydrolysis in alkaline medium by heating are:
1. glycerol and salts, usually higher carboxylic acids (soap);
2. salt of a higher carboxylic acids and higher monohydric alcohol;
3. glycerol, higher carboxylic acid salts and phosphoric acid salts;
4. salts of higher carboxylic acids and higher alcohol;
271. On the mechanism of the reaction of hydrolysis of saponifiable lipids, usually, the reaction
is:
1. SN;
2. SE;
3. AN;
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4. AE;
272. As a result, hydrogenation over a metal catalyst from 3-linoleoyl-2-palmitoyl-1stearoilglitserina obtained:
1. 3- (10,13-dihydroxy stearoyl) -2-palmitoyl-1-stearoilglitserin;
2. the reaction does not occur;
3. 2-palmitoyl-1,3-distearoilglitserin;
4. 1,2,3-tristearoilglitserin;
273. In the context of the body saponifiable lipid oxidation in saturated acyl residues occurs by
the mechanism:
1. hydroxylation;
2. peroxidation;
3. β-enzymatic oxidation;
4. oxidation under these conditions is absent;
274. In the context of the body saponifiable lipid oxidation in unsaturated acyl residues occurs
by the mechanism:
1. hydroxylation;
2. peroxidation;
3. β-enzymatic oxidation;
4. oxidation under these conditions is absent;
Unsaponifiable lipids. Terpenes. STEROIDS.
275. Isoprene rule corresponds to the information:
1. joint isoprene units most often carried out on a "tail to tail";
2. adherence reagent composition of the HX mainly in the direction of a more stable
carbocation;
3. hetero type of hybridization, usually can be predicted as of the associated carbon atom;
4. joint isoprene units most often carried out on a "head to tail";
276. Most of the known terpenes and terpenoids:
1. compounds are not natural and synthetically obtained;
2. is a natural compound of animal origin;
3. This natural compound of vegetable origin;
4. prepared by modification of natural compounds;
277. The number of carbon atoms in the molecules of monoterpenes is:
1. 5;
2. 10;
3. 15;
4. 20;
278. The number of carbon atoms in the molecules diterpenes is:
1. 5;
2. 10;
3. 15;
4. 20;
279. The number of carbon atoms in the molecules tetraterpenes is:
1. 20;
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2. 40;
3. 60;
4. 80;
280. β-carotene should be classified as:
1. monoterpenes acyclic;
2. bicyclic monoterpenes;
3. diterpenes;
4. tetraterpenes;
281. The structural basis of the molecules is a steroid carbon skeleton:
1. menthane;
2. kamfana;
3. 1-methyl-4-izopropiltsiklogeksana;
4. siklopentanopergidrofenantrena;
282. The carbon skeleton of the molecule of any steroid:
1. It is acyclic;
2. It consists of two cyclohexane rings having a common bond;
3. It is a fused ring system of four cyclohexane;
4. is a system of three fused cyclohexane rings and one cyclopentane ring;
283. The main structural feature distinguishing progenitor steroidal hydrocarbons, is:
1. number of double bonds in ring A;
2. the nature of the functional group at the C-3 carbon atom;
3. the number of substituents on sterane based molecules;
4. absence or nature of the hydrocarbon substituent on the C-17 carbon atom;
284. The symbol of a designated configuration of substituent in the center of chirality of the
steroid molecule, if its relationship with the center has a direction with respect to the
conventional plane of the molecule:
1. in the plane of the ring;
2. directed upwards, above the plane;
3. directed downward below the plane;
4. Incidentally, the direction is irrelevant;
285. The symbol β denotes configuration of substituent in the center of chirality of the steroid
molecule, if its relationship with the center has a direction with respect to the conventional plane
of the molecule:
1. in the plane of the ring;
2. directed upwards, above the plane;
3. directed downward below the plane;
4. Incidentally, the direction is irrelevant;
286. The natural steroid molecules rings A and B are articulated:
1. Only transport;
2. Only the cis;
3. cis or trans;
4. the majority of transport;
287. Under the carbon skeleton of the two carbon atoms at the seventeenth (C17) carbon atoms
sterane bases are steroids:
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1. androgens;
2. estrogens;
3. corticosteroids;
4. bile acids;
288. Under the carbon skeleton of the five carbon atoms in the seventeenth (C17) sterane
foundations carbon atom steroids are:
1. estrogens;
2. sterols;
3. corticosteroids;
4. bile acids;
289. Under the carbon skeleton of the eight (or more) carbon atoms in the seventeenth (C17)
carbon atoms sterane bases are steroids:
1. estrogens;
2. sterols;
3. corticosteroids;
4. bile acids;
290. Parental steroids hydrocarbon group of female sex hormones are:
1. cardenolides;
2. estrane;
3. cholestane;
4. pregnan;
291. Parental steroids hydrocarbon group of male sex hormones are:
1. cardenolides;
2. androstane;
3. cholestane;
4. pregnan;
292. The parent hydrocarbon group of steroid hormones of the adrenal cortex is:
1. cardenolides;
2. estrane;
3. cholestane;
4. pregnan;
293. The parent hydrocarbon group steroids sterols is:
1. cardenolides;
2. estrane;
3. cholestane;
4. pregnan;
294. One of the parental steroids hydrocarbon group Genin cardiac glycosides are:
1. cardenolides;
2. estrane;
3. cholestane;
4. pregnan;
295. Parental steroids hydrocarbon group of bile acids is:
1. cardenolides;
2. estrane;
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3. cholestane;
4. cholane;
296. What is the heaviest of the twenty amino acids?
1. Phenylalanine
2. Tryptophan
3.Tyrosine
4. Histidine
297. Which of the following amino acids can form hydrogen bonds with their side (R) groups?
1. Asparagine
2. Aspartic acid
3. Glutamine
4. All of these
298. The isoelectric point of an amino acid is defined as the pH
1. where the molecule carries no electric charge
2. where the carboxyl group is uncharged
3. where the amino group is uncharged
4. of maximum electrolytic mobility
299. Molecules that bear charged groups of opposite polarity are known as
1. zwitterions
2. ambions
3. ion conversion
4. amphions
300. D-Alanine and L-Alanine are technically known as
1. anomers
2. enantiomers
3. epimers
4. polymer
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