Download LUGARI SUB- COUNTY KCSE TRIAL EXAM 2016 Kenya Certificate

LUGARI SUB- COUNTY KCSE TRIAL EXAM 2016
Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education 2016
231/1
BIOLOGY
PAPER 1
JULY - AUGUST 2016
TIME:2 HOURS
MARKING SCHEME
1.
(a).
(b).
Concentrates light on the object on stage
Raises or lowers the body tube for a longer distance to bring image into focus
2.
(a).
(b).
(c).
Anaerobic respiration
Plants
- making alcoholic drinks
- Baking of bread
- Manufacture of milk products
- Production of organic acids
- Production of fuels/biogas
3.
(a).
(b).
Plasmodium vivax / plasmodium malaria / plasmodium falciparum. Accept Plasmodium
ssp. Reject class of....
Parasite destroys red blood cells (there by reducing their number).
4.
(a)
(b).
Stroma
Hydrogen atoms; Chemical energy/ Adenosine triphosphate; Oxygen
5.
(a)
(b).
Hinge joint
Secretes synovial fluid
Holds/contains synovial fluid
6.
(a)
(b).
Break up of fats into fat droplets
Glucose, fructose, galactose
7.
ADH stimulates nephrones to reabsorb more water back into the blood stream.
8.
( i).
(ii).
9.
Current continents existed as one large land mass/ pangea/ Laureshian ,Gondaland. the present
continent drifted leading to isolation of organisms
Organisms in each continent evolved along different lives hence emergence of new species
10.
-Thick lignified walls
- Continuous hollow tube
- Bordered pits
- Narrow
11.
-Passage of nutrients to foetus
- Passage of waste products
Solution in A was isotonic to RBC
Solution in B was hypotonie to RBC; RBC absorbed water by osmosis; swell and burst.
© 2016 Lugari Academic Committee
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Biology 231/1
Marking scheme
12.
- Has a thin epithelium to reduce the diffusion distance
- Well supplied with blood capillaries to carry oxygen
- Inner surface has thin layer of moisture to dissolve O2
13.
( a).
(b).
Single circulatory system — Blood flows through the heart once in a complete circulation
Double circulatory system — Blood flows through the heart twice in a complete
circulation
( i).
Blood is pumped from the left ventricle directly to all body tissues
(ii). Blood is pumped from the heart through the gills to all body tissues — as blood
flows through the gills, it sets resistance
14.
15.
InversionDuplication—
Deletion-
16.
17.
18.
B U E X Y
B E U E U X Y
B X Y
(a).
K - Plants
(b).
J - Nitrogen fixation
M - Decomposition/Putrefaction / Rotting / Decaying; Ammonification / Death
(c).
( i)
(a).
Selerenchyma; Xylem vessels / tracheids
Reject: Xylem
(b).
(i).
(ii).
Ligaments
Tendons
(a)
(i)
(ii).
Open to allow blood to flow into ventricles
Relax, increase volume of ventricles
(b).
Prevents mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood.
Denitrifying bacteria
Accept; Correct species - Pseudomonas denitrificans
- Thiobacillus denitrificans
19.
- Dissolve food materials
- Transport dissolved food to growing areas
- Activates enzymes
- Softens seed coat to facilitate emergence of radical
- Hydrolysis
20.
(a).
Dominant gene — Expresses itself in both homozygous and heterozygous conditions
Recessive gene —Expresses itself only in the homozygous state
(b)
21.
( a).
(b).
(c).
Cornea
Long sightedness / hypermetropia
Converging / Convex lens is used; to converge light to focus image on to the retina
© 2016 Lugari Academic Committee
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Biology 231/1
Marking scheme
22.
(a).
(b).
(c).
When there is excess blood glucose / when blood glucose is above normal
High osmotic pressure of blood above normal / Low water content in blood
Their body fluids have a higher osmotic pressure than the surrounding medium and water
enters into the cell by osmosis. Excess water accumulates in the contractile vacuole.
When the contractile vacuole is full, (Maximum size), it moves to cell surface and bursts
releasing the contents to the surrounding hence it cannot burst
23.
(a).
Insecta
(b).
-3 Pairs of legs
- Body divided into 3 parts / body divided into head, thorax and abdomen
- Undergo complete or incomplete metamorphosis
(c).
intermittent growth / discontinuous
24.
(a)
(b).
(c).
G — Polar nuclear
Allows passage of male gametes into the embryo sac
25.
( a)
(b)
(c).
Rennin — Coagulates soluble caseinogen into insoluble casein
To prevent it from digesting glands
Peristalysis
© 2016 Lugari Academic Committee
3
Biology 231/1
Marking scheme