Download CELL STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION

CELL STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION
OBJECTIVES
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List the structural features shared by all cells
Identify the cell parts
State the function for each cell part
Distinguish between plant and animal cells
INTRODUCTION
Cells are the smallest unit of life and are thus important to every living thing. We are just a
body made of many cells that work together. So, it is important to understand what Label are
important for a cell to survive and be considered alive. Although most cells look different than
each other, they all have the same important Label that are listed below. Today, we will be
looking at many different types of cells, from plant cells, animal cells, and bacterial cells.
CELLULAR ORGANELLES
Organelles within cells allow for division of duties; this assembly line approach to carrying
out a diverse array of cellular functions allows for greater efficiency within each cell. Organelles
within a cell can be thought of as a series of separate compartments, each with its own
specialized function. From your textbook and/or lab discussion, briefly state the functions of the
following organelles.
1. Plasma (cell) membrane:
2. Cell wall:
3. Cytoplasm:
4. Nucleus:
5. Nucleolus:
6. Centrioles:
7. Ribosomes:
8. Endoplasmic reticulum:
9. Golgi body:
10. Mitochondria
11. Chloroplast:
12. Lysosomes:
13. Flagella:
14. Cilia:
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Questions
1. List the organelles that are present only in animals.
2. List the organelles that are present only in plants.
INSTRUCTIONS
1. Obtain the listed slides (no more than 2 at a time) and identify the internal Label
described for each slide. Be sure to label ALL components in your sketches.
2. After completing the wet mounts:
a. REMOVE THE SLIDE WHEN FINISHED. RINSE THE SLIDE WITH TAP
WATER AND LET IT AIR DRY ON THE PAPER TOWEL.
b.
REMOVE THE COVERSLIP FROM THE DRAIN AND DISPOSE OF IT IN THE
TRASH.
c.
GENTLY WIPE THE 10X AND 40X OBJECTIVES WITH A PIECE OF LENS
PAPER MOISTENED WITH LENS CLEANING SOLUTION.
SLIDES (Slides 1-5 are wet mounts that you will make)
1. *Human cheek cells, Methylene Blue stain, 400X
a. Label: plasma membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus (pl. = nuclei),
2. *Potato cells, Iodine stain, 100X or 400X
a. Label: plasma membrane, cell wall, cytoplasm, starch granules
3. *Onion epithelial cells, Iodine stain, 400X
a. Label: plasma membrane, cell wall, cytoplasm and nucleus
4. *Stew meat (skeletal muscle), no stain required, 100X or 400X
a.
Label: muscle cells
b.
Label: Adipose (fat) cells if you have them on your slide
5. *Elodea leaf 100X or 400X
a. Label: plasma membrane, cell wall, cytoplasm and chloroplasts
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SLIDES (Slides 6-9 are prepared slides that are already made for you)
6. Human blood smear, 400X
a.
Label: Erythrocytes (Red Blood Cells), plasma membrane, cytoplasm
b.
Label: Leukocytes (White Blood Cells), plasma membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus
7. Liver cells, 400X
a. Label: nucleus, nucleolus (pl. = nucleoli), glycogen granules
8. Human sperm cells, 400X
a. Label: head and flagellum (pl. = flagella)
9. Bacteria types (three types all on one slide), 400X
a.
Label: Cocci bacteria (sing. = coccus)
b.
Label: Baccilli bacteria (sing. = bacillus)
c.
Label: Spirilla bacteria (sing. = spirillum)
RETURN THE MICROSCOPE TO ITS APPROPRIATE SPOT IN THE CABINET
AND MAKE SURE IT IS STORED PROPERLY.
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Human cheek cells ____ X
Potato cells ____ X
Onion epithelial cells ____X
Stew meat ____ X
Elodea leaf ____ X
Human blood smear ____ X
Liver cells ____ X
Human sperm cells ____ X
Bacteria types ____ X
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