Download Human Bio Midterm Review, part 1

Human Bio Midterm Review
Human Development
**Review the female and male reproductive anatomies!
1. What gland produces luteinizing hormone? What is the function of LH?
2. What gland produces follicle stimulating hormone? What is the function of FSH?
3. Where are estrogen and progesterone produced? What are their functions?
4. Where is testosterone produced? What is the function?
5. What does HCG stand for? What is the significance of this hormone?
6. What is meiosis? When does it occur? Why is the number of chromosomes in the
resulting cells significant?
7. List the 6 stages of development in order, and write a short description for each.
8. Why is the umbilical cord called the lifeline for a fetus?
9. What is IVF? Why would it be necessary?
10. Where does implantation occur? What is the name of the grouping of cells that
implants?
11. What is the first organ to develop? What is the last organ to fully function?
12. What are the signs of early labor?
13. What is the last stage of labor?
Genetics and Cancer
14. Define and give an example of each of the following terms:
a. genotype, phenotype, homozygous, heterozygous, allele, dominant, recessive
15. A homozygous dominant blue bird mates with a homozygous white bird. Predict the
offspring.
16. A heterozygous black rabbit mates with another heterozygous black rabbit. Grey is
recessive. Predict the offspring.
17. In a flowerbed of roses, 75% of the roses are red and 25% are white. What are the
genotypes of the parent flowers?
18. Colorblindness is an X-linked recessive trait. A homozygous normal woman marries
a colorblind man. What are the probable outcomes of their children?
19. What is an X-linked carrier?
20. List all the possible genotypes for each of the 4 blood types.
21. A woman homozygous for type A blood marries a heterozygous type B man. Predict
the offspring.
22. How is it possible to determine a person’s blood type?
23. How are cancer cells similar to normal cells? How are cancer cells different from
normal cells?
24. Define the normal function of each of the following genes, and then describe how
they contribute to cancer.
a. Proto-oncogenes, Tumor Suppressor genes, DNA Repair genes
25. Define angiogenesis and metastasis. Which one occurs first? Why does it occur
first?
26. What are the 2 types of tumors? How are they different?
Epidemiology
27. The specific 4 steps the CDC takes to track and identify a disease.
28. What is antibiotic resistance and what causes it?
29. The roles of B cells, T cells, macrophages, antigen and antibodies in the immune
response.
30. What a vaccine is and how it works.
31. What is an antibody? How do antibodies differ from each other?
32. How does an antibiotic work?