Download Chapter 5 Section 4 Notes

Chapter 5 Section 4 Notes
I. Philip Builds Macedonia’s Power
A. The Peloponnesian Wars severely weakened Greece
B. Philip of Macedonia to the north took notice
C. Macedonians were considered barbarians by the Greeks
D. In 359 B.C. Philip II became king of Macedonia
1. Brilliant general and ruthless politician
2. Used a 16 man phalanx with a swift cavalry
E. Demosthenes an Athenian orator warned the Greeks about a move
by Philip II
F. In 338 B.C. Athens and Thebes are soundly defeated at the Battle
of Chaeronea
1. Philip II’s son Alexander the Great would lead a successful
cavalry charge
G. The Greeks were under the control of Macedonia (Hellenistic Age)
H. In 336 B.C. Philip II is murdered at his daughters wedding and
and Alexander the Great became king of Macedonia for the
next 13 years
II. Alexander Defeats Persia
A. Alexander was 20 when he became king
B. He had been schooled by Aristotle
C. He kept a copy of the Iliad under his pillow
D. In 335 B.C. Thebes tried to rebel but he quickly killed 6000 and
sold the rest into slavery
E. In 334 B.C. Alexander attacks the Persians in Anatolia at
the Hellespont
1. At the Battle of Granicus River
2. He would attack Darius III at the Battle of Issus and would
control all of Turkey
3. Alexander would not accept a peace with the Persians
4. Next he would conquer all of Egypt and build the city of
Alexandria, He would be crowned pharaoh
5. He would now turn east to conquer the rest of Persia
at the Battle of Gaugamela and then to the Indus River
a. The cities of Babylon, Susa, and Persepolis yielded
vast amounts of treasures
6. In 327 B.C. Alexander would be in India at the Indus River
1. Exhausted soldiers yearned to go home
7. In 323 B.C. he had returned to Babylon
1. Here he contracted a serious fever and would die
11 days later
8. His empire would go to the strongest general
a. Antigonus became king of Macedonia
b. Ptolemy seized Egypt
c. Seleucus took most of the old Persian Empire