Download Midterm Review

Midterm Review (Part 1)
Chapter 1
What are the four fields of anthropology and what do they focus on?
What is the difference between a hominid and a hominin?
Briefly describe the 6 steps to humanness:
What adaptations do we have because we are bipedal?
What dental feature have we lost?
Are we the only species to use tools? What is unique about our tools?
Why can’t chimpanzees speak?
What is the definition of a hypothesis and a theory? How do they differ from casual definitions?
What “shape” does evolution have?
Can you have evolution and religion in your life? Why or why not?
Chapter 2
What are adaptations?
Describe the 2 major findings of Darwin
What are the 5 fields that Darwin used to create the theory of Natural Selection?
What is uniformitarianism?
What is catastrophism?
What did Linnaeus create?
Were all these scientists atheists?
Describe the principle that Lamarck created. Is it correct? Why or why not?
How did Darwin’s theory correct mistakes in Lamarck’s?
What is blending theory and is it correct?
Describe the 2 principles of Mendel
For trait “W,” write: homozygous dominant:
heterozygous:
homozygous recessive
What is a genotype?
What is a phenotype?
What is an allele?
Describe the 4 forces of evolution:
Chapter 3:
What is the difference between a somatic cell and a gamete?
How many chromosomes does a healthy human have?
What are the pairing rules for DNA?
What is the first step in cell division?
Briefly describe DNA replication:
What does homologous mean?
What kind of cells use mitosis?
How many chromosomes end up in the final stage?
What kind of cells use meiosis?
How many chromosomes end up in the final stage? Why?
What is nondisjunction? What abnormality can it cause?
What is the end result of transcription during protein synthesis?
How is RNA different from DNA?
Why does protein synthesis use RNA instead of DNA?
Where does the mRNA go?
What is the name for the 3 letter “words” taken to the ribosome?
What helps translate these “words”?
What is the final product of translation part of protein synthesis?
What is the final product of protein synthesis?
What is the genotype for Type A Blood?
What is unique about the dominant/recessive relationship in blood?
Who is the universal donor?...Recipient?
Practice Punnett Squares
Chapter 4
How can you tell if organisms are different species?
How does reproductive isolation create new species?
Is speciation microevolution or macroevolution?
What are criteria for equilibrium?
Can a population be in equilibrium?
How does the Hardy-Weinberg Theory show evolution occurs?
Write the equation:
What does:
P2 stand for:
q2:
2pq:
p:
q:
Describe the 4 sources of evolution:
a.
b.
c.
d.
What is the only source of new genetic variation?
What is Trisomy 21?
Describe how sickle-cell anemia is a mutation that causes a benefit through natural selection:
What is fitness?
Describe the 3 types of selection:
a.
b.
c.
What are two types of genetic drift called?
Which one can cause extinction?
Chapter 5
What is the definition of race?
What is a folk taxonomy?
What is ethnicity?
Is race real? Why or why not?
We should use a _____________ system instead of racial categories
What is sexual dimorphism?
How can you use teeth and bone to determine age?
What are acclamatory adjustments? Examples?
Behavioral adjustments? Examples?
What rule says that humans in cold environments are short and stocky and in hot environments are
long and lean?
What rule says that humans in cold environments have shorts limbs and in hot environments have
long ones?
What is Gloger’s Rule?
Why do people near the Equator have dark skin?
Why do people up North have pale skin?
You would expect someone in Norway to look how (skin color, body shape)?
What about someone in the Sahara desert?
What is the difference between undernourished and malnourished?
How many people are starving?
What is Kwashiorkor?
Marasmus?
What types of diseases do we have in America and what causes them?
By ___________ all growth plates have fused.
Name some male features of the skull:
Name some female features of the skull:
Name some female features of the pelvis:
Name some male features of the pelvis: