Download Regular Verbs

Español 3 ~ Repaso de Gramática
Present Tense
Regular Verbs
AR Infinitives
ER Infinitives
IR Infinitives
Special Verbs
♦ Some verbs are irregular in all 6 forms and must be memorized. These include:
ir – to go
ser – to be
Irregular Yo Verbs
♦ Most irregular yo verbs have an irregular yo conjugation but the other 5 conjugations are regular. These include:
caer dar hacer poner salir traer ver oír Stem-Changing (Boot) Verbs
♦ verbs that have a spelling change in the stem of the cojugation
♦ spelling change occurs in all forms except the ____________________ and _____________________ forms
♦ 3 types of spelling changes in present tense: o → ________
e → ________
e → ________
♦ the spelling change occurs on the _____________ vowel of the stem
O → ________
E → ________
E → ________
poder recomendar pedir dormir empezar repetir almorzar cerrar servir volver pensar competir Double Wackadoo Verbs
♦ some verbs have an irregular ____________ form but are also ________________ verbs
tener – to have
venir – to come
decir – to say/to tell
Spelling Change Verbs
♦ some verbs have a spelling change in present tense to preserve the sound of the infinitive
♦ 4 changes occur only in the __________ form in present tense; these include:
vowel + cer/cir infinitives : c → ________
example: yo + conocer = _____________________
consonant + cer/cir infinitives: c → ________
example: yo + convencer = _____________________
ger/gir infinitives: g → ________
guir infinitives: gu → ________
example: yo + proteger = _____________________
example: yo + extinguir = _____________________
♦ 2 changes occur in all forms except _____________________ and _________________________
uir infinitives: add a _________ after the u
example: él + distribuir = _____________________
uar/iar infinitives: add an _______ over the i or u
example: ellos + actuar = _____________________
example: ella + espiar = _____________________
Ser vs Estar
♦ there are 2 verbs that mean to be in Spanish; you need to know the forms of each & when to use each of them
ser – to be
estar – to be
Usage Rules
Usage Rules
DONTPN -
HELPP SPreterite Tense
Regular Verbs
AR Infinitives
ER/IR Infinitives
Irregular Verbs
♦ there are 3 groups irregular preterite verbs; each with their set of endings
Infinitive
Stem
Endings
ir
ser
venir
tener
hacer*
poner
estar
querer
poder
saber
decir*
traer*
andar
*él, ella, usted =
*
dar
ver
Special Circumstances
There are 3 types of verbs that have spelling changes in some of their forms in the preterit;
CAR/GAR/ZAR
♦ change occurs only in the __________ form
♦ car → ________
gar → ________
zar → ________
♦ all forms use regular AR preterite endings
I to Y Verbs
♦ are ER or IR infinitives that have a vowel as the last letter of their stem
♦ change occurs only in the ___________________ and ___________________ forms
♦ the ________ in the verb ending changes to a __________ so there are not 3 vowels in row
♦ examples: leer → ___________ & _________________
oír → ___________ & _________________
♦ all other forms use regular ER/IR preterite endings
Stem-Changing (Slipper, Sole, Shoe) Verbs
♦ are _________ infinitives ONLY
♦ change occurs only in the ___________________ and ___________________ forms
♦ the spelling change is a single letter change: e → ______
o →______
♦ all forms use regular ER/IR preterite endings
♦ examples: pedir → ___________ & _________________
dormir → ___________ & _________________
Imperfect Tense
Regular Verbs
AR Infinitives
ER/IR Infinitives
Irregular Verbs
ser – to be
ir = to go
ver – to see
Preterite vs Imperfect
Preterit Usage Rules
Imperfect Usage Rules
♦ there are 2 parts to a present perfect verb:
haber – to have (helping verb)
Present Perfect Tense
1 – conjugation of haber
2 – past participle of an infinitive
past participles
AR Verbs add
ER/IR Verbs add
♦ irregular past participles
abrir
poner
ver
morir
decir
escribir
volver
resolver
hacer
romper
cubrir
Por vs Para
Por Usage Rules
Para Usage Rules