Download RenaissanceReformation Review sheet answers

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Study Guide for Renaissance and Reformation Test
Answer OR explain the following as completely as possible.
Use your notebook and readings we have done in class.
1. What was the Renaissance?
Rebirth in arts, literature, architecture, etc.
2. The importance of the Medici family.
They were patrons to the most influential artists of the Renaissance. It is rumored the Renaissance would have never happened without them. Rulers of Florence and bankers.
3. What were the changes the Protestants wanted?
Change in the corruption and abuses of the church, such as priests’ behaviors and no selling of indulgences.
4. What was the outcome of the Protestant Reformation?
The Bible was translated for all to read. There were now two major religions in Europe. Missionaries began going out to recruit members. Catholic membership decreased.
5. The importance of the printing press.
It made books available to all for a less expensive price. It assisted in the spread of ideas.
6. How did Machiavelli advise leaders to rule?
Rule through fear, cheat but don’t get caught, make people think you care, and promise things to make you sound generous.
7. Characteristics of Humanism (R10/11)
Revival of Greek and Roman classics
Improving oneself through education (focus on individual)
Less focus on the church
8. How did the Protestant Reformation affect the Catholic Church? It lowered the membership. They began the Counter Reformation and missionaries were sent around the
world to convert.
9. Reasons the Renaissance started in Italy.
Italy is in the middle of trade routes and had the remains of Roman architecture
10. What does it mean to be a Renaissance man?
Talented in ALL areas of life, not just one (Leonardo da Vinci)
11. William Shakespeare
British playwright
Wrote works like Hamlet and Romeo and Juliet
12. Martin Luther
German, Catholic priest
Began Protestant Reformation
Wrote the 95 Thesis (arguments against the church)
13. Lorenzo de Medici
Banker
Leader in Florence
Patron of da Vinci and Michelangelo
14. Machiavelli
Advisor to the Medici family
Wrote the Prince advising rulers on how to govern
15. John Calvin
Protestant Reformer from France
Started the Presbyterian Church (Calvinist)
16. Galileo
Proved the Heliocentric Theory correct
Catholic Church sent him to the Inquisition
Astronomer
17. Causes and Effects of the Reformation
Indulgences  Reformation  new religion (Protestants)
18. Causes and Effects of the Renaissance
Black plague killed millions  Renaissance  new arts and literature (Humanism)
19. Characteristics of Renaissance Art
Subject painted based on patrons’ wishes
Figures and backgrounds realistic
Faces show emotion
Shows perspective 3D
Light and shadows
Buildings close to earth, columns, arches, domes
Homes with courtyards
20. Characteristics of Middle Age Art
Religious subjects (Church was patron)
Figures long, stiff, unrealistic
No emotion in faces
2D, flat
Plain backgrounds/geometric patterns
Little shading
Gothic architecture (tall and thin)
Churches like crosses
Homes simple squares