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Movement of material in and out of cell: The basics & Passive Transport: *How does stuff move in and out of an animal cell? Cell membrane -Selectively permeable - things can go in and out of cell dependent on pore size. - this is done to maintain homeostasis or equilibrium. Equilibrium: Molecules are distributed evenly through out area 1 *What does it mean to be concentrated(not constipated or concentration) *What happens to a piece of cheese when you grate it? *Does the cheese increase or decrease in concentration? The movement from one place to another is separated by a concentration gradient Concentration Gradient - a difference in concentration between two places but is gone when equilibrium is reached example there is a gradient present in picture a but in b equilibrium has been reached thus not gradient 2 In picture b the molecules are still in movement but they are moving at the same rate(no net movement) Picture A Picture B 2 types of cellular transport a. passive transport b. active transport *What dose passive mean? (Relation to energy) - No use of energy. 3 A. Passive transport - no energy used by cell to move particles across membrane - potential energy -energy not in use -stored energy Kinetic Energy – energy in motion 1. Diffusion (example of passive transport) a. Movement of molecule from greater to lesser concentration until equilibrium is reached. *hint remember the air freshener in class b. Example of Diffusion is Osmosis – the movement of water from high to low concentration. B. Active Transport (3 types) Requires the cell to do work – (2 reasons why energy is required) A. The cell has to rid itself of excess material the just keeps flowing back into the cell ….kinda like water in a sinking ship. B. Some times the molecules are too large to fit through the pores of the membrane. 3 Type of Active Transport 1. Ion transport (ions are atoms with a change- they are small) a. A.K.A. Facilitated Diffusion 4 *Substances move against the concentration gradient – low -> concentration 2. Endo-Cytosis (endocytosis) “into Cell” -Large molecules which are too big to go thru pores can be taken in this way – this takes energy! -This is how a cell eats and drinks….. 3. Exo-cytosis (exocytosis) “out of cell” Proteins (like insulin) are secreted from cell this is also how the cell rids itself of waste. 5