Download Lesson 15: The 1800s

The 1800s
Growing Pains
© North Carolina Community College System
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unless otherwise noted.
In the 1800s, the United States grows
from Atlantic to Pacific.
Pacific
Ocean
Atlantic
Ocean
The 1800s are hard years.
If you have an internet connection,
you can watch the country grow at
http://www.edstephan.org/Animation/animation.html
Click on Formation of the Contiguous United States.
In 1803, America buys
the Louisiana Purchase from France.
Louisiana
Territory
In 1812, the United States
declares war on Britain again
because
• the British seized American
ships that traded with
France, and
• the British supplied Native
Americans with guns to use
against American settlers
moving west.
The British burn the U.S. Capitol in
Washington, D.C., but
the Americans still win the
War of 1812.
During this war Francis Scott Key
writes the words that become our
National Anthem.
In 1846, the Mexican-American War
begins. It is a war over land.
• Texas gains independence from Mexico.
• Texas asks to join with the United States.
• The U.S. Congress approves.
• Texas claims land down to the
Rio Grande, but Mexico claims
land up to the Nueces River.
The Mexican-American War ends with
the Treaty of Guadeloupe Hidalgo. It
sets the Texas boundary at the Rio Grande.
It also gives the United States the land that
becomes California, Nevada, Utah, Arizona, and
New Mexico.
The next war tears apart
the United States of America!
The people of the United States
fight each other in the American
Civil War.
The American Civil War lasts from
1861-1865.
The northern states fight the southern states.
34 star flag from Rick Wyatt
Posted 5, April, 1998 on
FOTW Flags of the World website at
http://flagspot.net/flags/
http://www.crwflags.com/fotw/Flags/us1861.html
Confederate Flag from
http://www.ankn.uaf.edu/curriculum/
Articles/MikeGaffney/CPP/Chap1.ht
ml
Problems leading to the Civil War are
• Slavery
America has to decide if new states
admitted to the union will be slave or
free.
Northerners are against slavery and
slave owners. Southerners are for
slavery.
The people in the North and the
South are far apart in their thinking.
• Economic reasons
The Southern economy
is based on cotton and
tobacco. Growing these
crops depends on a lot
of cheap labor (slaves).
The economy in the North
is based on industry and
city life. People in the North
do not need slaves.
• States’ Rights
The Tenth Amendment gives the states all
powers that the Constitution does not give to the
United States or forbid to the states.
Many people think that means the states have
the right to say if they will accept federal acts.
The federal government, however,
says the states do not have this
right, so the Southern States
decide to secede from the Union.
Abraham Lincoln is President
of the United States from 1861-1865.
• He leads the nation
during the Civil War.
• He frees the slaves.
In 1863 Lincoln issues
the Emancipation
Proclamation. It says
that slaves living in
Confederate states
are free forever!
• He saves the Union.
Lincoln writes to the New York Tribune :
. . . . My paramount object in this struggle
is to save the Union . . .
The United States fights one more war in the
1800s--The Spanish American War.
• The American people support the Cuban
people in their fight to be free from Spain.
• When an American ship is
sunk in Havana harbor in
1898, Congress declares war
against Spain.
• America wins. Cuba is free, and Guam,
Puerto Rico, and the Philippines become
American territories.
Colonel Theodore
Roosevelt leads
American troops in the
Spanish-American War.
Roosevelt later becomes
the 26th President of the
United States.
The teddy bear
is named for
Teddy Roosevelt.
Another fight during the 1800s is not a
war: It is a fight for women’s rights!
• Susan B. Anthony
campaigns for the right
of women to vote.
• She also speaks
against slavery and
for equal treatment of
women in the
workplace.
The nineteenth Amendment
to the Constitution gives women
the right to vote.
Susan B. Anthony dies
14 years before this
amendment is adopted.
America ends the 1800s at peace-but not for long!
World events will soon draw
America into a global war.
Before going to war again, let’s
look at the geography of the U.S.A.—
from sea to shining sea!