Download MATH VOCABULARY Place Value Chart Place of a digit in a

MATH VOCABULARY
Place Value Chart
Place of a digit in a number
Example: What place is the digit 9 in 9,508?
thousands
Reminder/Hint: You are writing the words from the place value chart.
Value of a number
Example: Earth is approximately 4,576,000,000 years old.
What is the value of 7?
70 million OR 70,000,000
Reminder/Hint: The question asks you about one (only) digit so underline that digit and
circle all numbers right of that digit; then read that new number (the circles you read as
zeroes).
Use the place value chart to write/read the number.
Reminder/Hint: Label your commas and group your number in groups of three.
Example: 3,048,521,014.09 (write)
Three billion, forty eight million, five hundred twenty one thousands, fourteen and
nine hundredths
Comparing Whole Numbers
Line up your numbers vertically (up and down) and match your commas correctly; you
may want to tilt your paper to the side (landscape) and use the lined paper to guide your
correct placement.
Starting from the left look at each number and eliminate by looking at the numbers that
do not match (in the same place value). If the number has more digits then that one is the
largest
Select the greater number or least number depending on the questions.
Sum – the answer you get to an addition problem
Difference – the answer you get to a subtraction problem
Product – the answer you get to a multiplication problem
Quotient – the answer you get to a division problem
Digit – a number
Multiple – The product of a given whole number and another whole number. For
example, the first four multiples of 3 are 3 (which is 3 x 1), 6 (which is 3 x 2), 9 (which is
3 X 3), and 12 (which is 3 x 4). (Skip Counting)
Factor – one of two or more numbers that are multiplied to get a product. For example,
13 and 4 are both factors of 52 because 13 x 4 = 52.
Even number –a multiple of 2. When you divide an even number by 2, the remainder is
0. Examples: 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14
Odd number – A whole number that is not a multiple of 2. When an odd number is
divided by 2, the remainder is 1. Examples: 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11
Prime number – a number with only two factors, 1 and itself. For example: 3, 5, 7, 11,
13, 17
Composite number – a whole number with 3 or more factors. For example: 4, 6, 8, 45,
78, 96, 104
Equation- mathematical sentence with an equal sign, often called
a number sentence. Ex. 9 x 4 = 36; 5 + 8 = 6 + 7; 40 = 8 x 5
Expression- part of a mathematical sentence on either side of an
equal sign. Ex. 3 + 2, 6 x 8, 2 + 3 + 8 = 7 + 6. The equation 2 + 4
= 2 x 3 contains two expressions: 2+4 and 2x3.
Inequalities- mathematical sentences with inequality signs such
as >, <, ≠, ≤, ≥. Ex. 364 > 264; 5 x 9 > 3 x 8; 3 + 4 ≠ 8
Compare
Less Than (<)
Equal to (=)
Greater than (>)
Multiplication
Memorize your multiplication facts!
 Multiplication is a faster or more efficient way of adding.
 Multiplication Symbols: X ∙ ( ) xyz
 Multiples – skip counting or for example the multiples of 5 are 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30,
35, . . . (Least Common Multiple -- LCM)
___ groups of ___ OR 3 x 4 = 12 OR three groups of four equals twelve
Multiplication Array
rows X columns OR 3 rows X 4 columns
Rounding (Whole Numbers)
Example
Burke Strategy:
1. Underline the digit that you are rounding
2. Circle the number to the right (SPOTLIGHT
TO THE RIGHT) – use as your key for step 3
3. Using the circled digit decide if you will let it
rest or raise it by one (4 OR LESS, LET IT
REST; 5 OR MORE, RAISE THE SCORE)
4. If you let it rest  copy your underlined digit
and convert the rest of the digits to the right to
zeroes OR
If you raised the score  cross out the
underlined digit and rewrite the new number on
top (increased by one)
Decimals
Examples (decimals/fractions)
Rounding (Decimals)
Ordering Decimals
Ordering decimals can be tricky. This is because often we look at 0.42 and 0.402 and say that 0.402
must be bigger because there are more digits BUT that is incorrect. If you line up your decimals in a
place value chart you will be able to see that it is 420 thousandths and 402 thousandths.
If you follow the following method you will see which decimals are bigger.
1. Set up a table with the decimal place in the same place for each number.
2. Put in each number.
3. Fill in the empty squares with zeros.
4. Compare using the first column, and pick out the highest in order.
5. If the digits are equal move to the next column until one number wins.
Example:
Order the following decimals from largest to smallest:
0.402, 0.42, 0.375, 1.2, 0.85
In a table they will look like this:
Units
Tenths
Hundredths
Thousandths
0
.
4
0
2
0
.
4
2
0
0
.
3
7
5
1
.
2
0
0
0
.
8
5
0
There is a 1, all the rest are 0, so 1.2 must be the
Compare the Units.
highest. (Write it down in your answer and cross it off
the table).
Compare the Tenths.
The 8 is highest, so 0.85 is next in value.
There are two numbers with the same
"Tenths" value of 4, so move down to the
"Hundredths" for the tie breaker
One number has a 2 in the hundredths, and the other
has a 0, so the 2 wins. So 0.42 is bigger than 0.402
Go back to comparing the Tenths
0.375 must be next followed by 0.2
Burke Strategy:
1. Copy your decimals vertically (up and down),
making sure that the decimal matches (CONNECT
THE DOTS)
2. Add the invisible zeroes based on the number of
digits.
3. Look at the digits left of the decimal and order
those first. Then look at the numbers to the right of
the decimal and order those numbers.
4. Verify that you answered the question: Greatest to
Least OR Least to Greatest
G  L or L  G
Remember that if there is no decimal it is a whole
number which means you place the decimal at the end
of the digit(s). Think of it as $4  $4.00.
Number Lines
What Is The Rule (Input/Output Tables): Find the pattern
Factors & Greatest Common Factor
Mode
The number or numbers that occur most often in a set of numbers.
Tip to Calculate: The mode is the number that you see more than any other number.
Median
The middle number when numbers are arranged in order. If there are two middle
numbers, the median is the average of the two.
Tip to Calculate: You count over to the middle. If there are two numbers in the middle,
add them and divide by two.
Range
The difference between the highest and the lowest numbers in a set of numbers.
Tip to Calculate: Subtract the lowest number from the biggest and you get the range!
Mean
The mean, or average, of a set of numbers is found by dividing the sum of the numbers
by the amount of numbers added.
Tip to Calculate: It is mean because you have to add all the numbers together and divide
by the amount of numbers you added!
Burke Strategy:
1. Order your numbers vertically (up and down) from largest to smallest (or smallest
to largest just be consistent); make sure you line up your numbers correctly; you may
want to tilt your paper to the side (landscape) and use the lined paper to guide your
correct placement.
2. Based on your set of data select your mode (occurs most often)
3. Based on your set of data select your median (middle number); use the
partner/rainbow system
4. Based on your set of data calculate your range by finding your smallest number and
subtracting it from the largest number.
5. Based on your set of data calculate your mean by adding all your numbers and
dividing by the number of numbers that your set is made of.
Remember to convert your remainder to a fraction. Remainder over your dividend (the
number you are dividing by)
Calculation Site -- http://easycalculation.com/statistics/mean-median-mode.php
Additional comments:
http://www.algebralab.org/lessons/lesson.aspx?file=algebra_statmeanmedianmode.xml
Further Explanation/Examples
Mystery problem:
Use the clues below to fill in the missing blanks:
__ __ __. __ __ 9
When rounded to the hundred’s place, I am 400. My tens place when
rounded is twice my hundreds. The sum of my hundreds place and
tens is equal to my ones place. The difference between my tenths and
hundredths place is 5. I have the same number in my thousandths
place as in my tenths. The sum of my digits is 38.
Use numbers, pictures, and words to explain how you solved the
problem.