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What do these events mean?
EVENT – Battle between ironclad ships
March 9, 1862
Supporting details:
1. Foreshadowing a new kind of modern warfare, a battle between two ironclad
ships, the Union’s Monitor and the Confederate’s Merrimac, ended in a draw.
2. These two “gladiators of the sea” fought a two-hour battle off Hampton Roads,
Virginia.
3. Tactically, neither side won the struggle, but an edge was given to the Union ship
because Northern fears of the Merrimac’s potential to destroy the federal fleet had
been put to rest.
Result:
EVENT – Grants battles Rebels at Shiloh
April 7, 1862
Supporting details:
1. With early victories at Fort Henry and Fort Donelson, Union General U. S. Grant
continued his success at the battle of Shiloh, in central Tennessee.
2. After almost losing his entire army to a Confederate surprise attack, Grant beat
Confederate armies under the command of General A. Johnston.
3. Much of this incredibly bloody battle was fought in full-bloom peach orchards
near a church named Shiloh, near Pittsburgh Landing.
4. Shiloh was one of the bloodiest battles in U.S. history.
Result:
EVENT – Admiral Farragut captures New Orleans for Union
April 25, 1862
Supporting details:
1. The fleet under Admiral David Farragut captured the largest city in the
Confederacy, New Orleans.
2. The naval victory illustrated again the Union supremacy in sea power.
3. The battle lasted ten days at the mouth of the Mississippi River, but began with
prolonged bombardments of Fort Jackson and Fort St. Philip, which guarded the
approach to the southern city.
4. Once the Union navy dodged Confederate fire rafts and occupied the city, the
officials of New Orleans surrendered.
Result:
What do these events mean?
EVENT – Federal Homestead Law signed
May 20, 1862
Supporting details:
1. In an action geared to appeal to Northern voters, Congress passed the Homestead
Act, permitting any citizen over 21 to own a free plot of 160 acres on public land.
All they had to do was occupy and improve it for five years.
2. Many in Congress opposed it at first, for they thought such a law would drain men
and money from their regions. Others feared a movement of anti-slavery
Northerners into the West.
3. With no Southerners in Congress, the law had weaker opposition.
Result:
EVENT – Stonewall Jackson’s classic offensive highlights Shenandoah campaign
May-June, 1862
Supporting details:
1. Ordered by General Lee to conduct “diversionary” operations in the strategic
Shenandoah Valley, Stonewall Jackson instead staged a brilliant campaign that
could be called classic.
2. In doing so, he forced the Union to divert troops from other areas to protect
Washington, whose people were panicky.
3. In only 30 days, Jackson achieved immortal military fame. His infantry marched
350 miles, defeated three separate Union armies in five battles, inflicted twice the
casualties, seized numerous supplies, and caused havoc everywhere he rode.
Result:
EVENT – McClellan loses Seven Days’ Battle: Lee could seize momentum
June 25-July 1, 1862
Supporting details:
1. The battle that is becoming known as the Seven days Battle is over, and the Union
lost the initiative just east of the Confederate capital of Richmond.
2. Over the seven days five battles were fought between McClellan and Lee’s
troops.
3. Roundly defeated at Mechanicsville, Gaine’s Mill, Savage Station, and Frayser’s
Farm, McClellan’s Army of the Potomac retreated to the James River, despite
superior numbers in all these battles.
Result:
What do these events mean?
EVENT – Confederates win second battle at Bull Run
Aug 29-30, 1862
Supporting details:
1. Thirteen months after a Confederate victory at Bull Run, both armies returned to
familiar ground and fought a second battle with the same results – a stunning
Rebel victory.
2. Led by General Lee and his second in command, Stonewall Jackson, the
Confederate force overcame an early Union success to win Union troops led by
General John Pope.
3. The Rebels were aided by an attack, accompanied by “a rebel yell reverberating
across the field.” Pope’s army fled in retreat, discrediting his generalship.
Result:
EVENT – Sioux uprising put down in Minnesota
Aug-Sept. 1862
Supporting details:
1. Despite the Civil War, which raged in the east, Minnesota’s Sioux Indians, in an
effort to eliminate white settlers from their ancestral lands, harassed and killed
more than 800 settlers as they raided.
2. The raids were led by Chief Little Crow who met his match in state militia
Colonel Henry Sibley.
3. When the frontier was finally pacified and the Indians subdued, more than 1500
Sioux were captured.
4. After trials in military courts, nearly 300 were hanged.
Result:
EVENT – Bloody Antietam gives Union victory
Sept. 17, 1862
Supporting details:
1. The Union achieved its first major victory at Antietam, when after an incredible
carnage, Lee’s Confederates withdrew back into Virginia.
2. The Union troops, led by General McClellan, had a crucial if not decisive victory.
3. Interestingly, only days before the battle, Union cavalry found a copy of Lee’s
orders to his commanders near an abandoned Rebel campsite.
4. McClellan followed up, but still paused before his attack and lost any advantage.
Result:
What do these events mean?
EVENT – Union disaster at Fredericksburg
Dec. 13, 1862
Supporting details:
1. Another Confederate victory was achieved at Fredericksburg, Virginia, on the
Rappahannock River, when General Lee’s Rebel troops successfully defended the
city from a line of fortified hills called Marye’s Heights.
2. The Union attack, commanded by General Burnside, was a disaster. More than
12,000 Union troops were massacred as they attacked the hills.
3. Disappointed with Burnside and, before him, the indecisive McClellan, Lincoln
replaced Burnside with General Hooker.
Result: