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Cell Biology Introduction Introduction to Cell Biology Section 1A – Vocabulary Below is a list of all of the biology vocabulary terms used in the Unit. By the end of the Unit, you will be able to write a working definition of each term and correctly use each term in your OCAs, tests and written materials. abiogenesis Anton von Leewenhoek bacteria cell cell membrane cell theory coarse adjustment compound microscope diaphragm Endosymbiotic Theory eukaryote origin of life eyepiece fine adjustment light source Lynn Margulis magnification Matthias Schleidan multicellular organism objective lens prokaryotes protist Robert Hooke Rudolf Virchow stage clips Theodore Schwann unicellular organism Section 1B – Mastery Objectives and Critical Skills Summarize the modern cell theory. List the main contributors to the modern cell theory and their work. Explain the origin of mitochondria and chloroplasts based on the endosymbiotic theory. List the four main types of microscopes and the advantages of each. Draw and label the parts of a simple compound light microscope Use the dissecting and compound microscopes to make a realistic rendering of a microscope specimen and calculate its magnification. Section 2A – Required Readings Miller and Levine: pp169-173 Section 2B – Relevant Websites Refer to the class wiki http://nnhsbiology.pbworks.com Cell Biology Introduction Section 3 – In Class Activities Lecture and Power point slides Introduction to Microscopes Lab Protists Lab Section 4 – Outside Class Assignments Thoughtfully answer each of the following questions or tasks. Include all your reasoning and work wherever it seems appropriate. Type the question and then the answer. Go in order. Due dates for each assignment will be given in class. (Please remember - homework that is passed in late is automatically discounted 15% and 0% after the unit test.) 1) Make a table with two columns. In the first column, list a contributor to the modern cell theory. In the second column, list his/her contribution to the theory. 2) Why are cyanobacteria so important to our planet and us? Provide three specific facts and explain how these facts support life on our planet. 3) Bacteria are everywhere, even on us. a) Draw (do not copy and paste someone else’s diagram) and label the structures in a typical bacterium. b) List three types of food bacteria use and the general names of those types of bacteria. c) What makes a bacteria “bad” or “good”? 4) The endosymbiotic theory had a profound effect on the theory of evolution. a) What is the endosymbiotic theory? b) Why was it such a revolutionary idea? c) Use the endosymbiotic theory to explain the evolution of plant cells. 5) Jack Szostak said “Life emerged from chemistry, then after that it’s just details.” Explain his statement and then give an example of how this statement might be true. 6) Consider a compound light microscope like the one used in class. a) Explain why the field diameter for your compound microscope is wider under a low power magnification and narrower under a high power magnification. b) Explain to your 7 year old cousin why an amoeba looks so big when you look through a microscope but that it’s almost invisible to the naked eye. Cell Biology Introduction 7) Based on your lab work and reading, make a list of the properties all living things exhibit. Did you observe these properties in all or only some of your protist samples? Cite your evidence. 8) Based on your assigned reading and lab observations, explain how you think paramecium, amoebas, euglena and stentors and Volvox move (locomote). Use diagrams to clarify if necessary. Use lines to show a typical path for each protist. 9) Make a sketch of your own or some other human’s digestive system (mouth, throat, stomach, intestines, anus). Show where the food enters your or some human’s body, gets digested, and leaves your body. Label all the involved organs. Next to this sketch, draw a picture of a paramecium or amoeba or stentor or tetrahymena you observed in class. Label the features involved in digestion and show where the food enters, leaves and gets digested. How are you and the single celled organism the same in this regard? How are you different? Cell Biology Introduction 10) Although all of the species you observed in the protist lab exist in fresh water, each has unique structures and behavior patterns that allow it to survive along side the other protists. Each species is adapted to a specific niche in the pond. For each species you observed in the lab, describe the niche in the pond where it might best survive; i.e. out compete the other protists. Think about how it gets its food, how it escapes its predators, what it eats, how it defends itself, or whether it is plant like or animal like.