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Chapter 21 Study Guide Magnetism Review the following vocabulary terms: Electric generator Alternating current Aurora Magnetic domain Electromagnet Transformer Put the following steps in order to make an electric bell work: Press the button _____ Hammer strikes the bell _____ Circuit closes _____ Electromagnet is turned off _____ Electromagnet attracts plate attached to hammer _____ Electromagnet is turned on _____ Spring pushes plate and hammer _____ Circuit closes _____ Circuit opens _____ Be able to answer the following questions: 1.) Explain how a transformer can change voltage. 2.) Compare motors and generators in terms of electrical and kinetic energy. 3.) How are a magnetic field and a moving electrical charge related? 4.) What is the core of an electromagnet usually made of? Memorize the following formula for transformers: Input coils/output coils = input voltage/ output voltage For example, a transformer has an input voltage of 5,000 V and 1,000 coils of wire on the input side. If the output voltage is 1,250 V, how many coils of wire are on the output side? Review the following facts: The domains in an unmagnetized material that can be magnetized are aligned in all directions. The strength of an electromagnet cannot be increased by reversing the current. Moving a magnet in and out of a coil of wire produces an electric current. If both coils of a transformer have the same number of turns, the output voltage will be the same compared to the input voltage. A magnetic field exists around a wire whenever current flows through the wire. Know how to build: 1.) Electromagnet 2.) Motor 3.) Magnetize an object