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Cell Physiology Study Guide
Outline
I. Cell Theory
a. Microscope use
b. Scientists’ discoveries
c. The three statements of the Cell Theory
II. Prokaryotes
III. Eukaryotes
a. Label eukaryotic cell
b. Cellular organization
c. Organelle structures and functions
IV. Cell Transport
a. Membrane structure
b. Passive transport
c. Diffusion
d. Osmosis
e. Active transport
Vocabulary:
Cell specialization
Cell
Tissue
Organ
Organ system
Prokaryote
Eukaryote
Organelle
Nucleus
Nuclear envelope
Chromatin
Nucleolus
Ribosome
Rough ER
Smooth ER
Golgi Apparatus
Vesicle
Vacuole
Lysosome
Cytoplasm
Centriole
Cytoskeleton
Mitochondrion(a)
Chloroplast
Cell wall
Cilia
Flagella
Cell membrane
Phospholipid
Hydrophobic
Hydrophilic
(Phospho)lipid bilayer
Fluid Mosaic Model
Passive Transport
Active Transport
Semipermeable
Diffusion
Equilibrium
Osmosis
Hypertonic
Hypotonic
Isotonic
Facilitated diffusion
Transport protein
Endocytosis
Exocytosis
Objectives:
1. Describe the conclusions of Hooke, Leeuwenhoek, Schwann, Schleiden and Virchow
2. State the three parts of the cell theory
3. Compare and contrast prokaryotes and eukaryotic cells
4. Compare and contrast plant and animal cells
5. Label and describe the functions of the organelles found in eukaryotic cells
6. Explain how the organelles work together to manufacture cellular products
7. Sketch and label the phospholipid bilayer.
8. Determine which materials will pass through the phospholipid bilayer and explain why.
9. Compare and contrast passive transport and active transport.
10. Compare and contrast diffusion and osmosis
11. Describe the effects of placing a plant and animal cell in a hypertonic, hypotonic and
isotonic solution. Explain why this occurs.
12. Diagram and describe how the cell membrane changes to allow endocytosis and
exocytosis to occur.