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Name ______________________________ Class ___________________ Date __________________
SECTION 28-1 REVIEW
OVERVIEW OF PLANTS
VOCABULARY REVIEW Distinguish between the terms in each of the
following pairs of terms.
1. sporophyte, gametophyte ____________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
2. spore, seed ________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
3. xylem, phloem _____________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
4. vascular plant, nonvascular plant ______________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
5. angiosperm, gymnosperm ____________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
MULTIPLE CHOICE Write the correct letter in the blank.
_____ 1. Each of the following is a part of a seed except the
a. embryo.
b. endosperm. c. seed coat.
d.gametophyte.
_____ 2. The plant tissue that transports water from the roots to the leaves is the
a. phloem.
b. xylem.
c. endosperm. d. woody tissue.
_____ 3. Ferns are a type of
a. vascular plant.
b. seed plant.
c. angiosperm. d.gymnosperm.
_____ 4. Pine trees are a type of
a. nonvascular plant. b. angiosperm. c. gymnosperm. d. herbaceous
plant.
_____ 5. The life cycle of a vascular plant is characterized by
a. a large gametophyte and a small sporophyte.
b. a large sporophyte and a small gametophyte.
c. the absence of a sporophyte.
d. the absence of a gametophyte.
Original content Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor.
Modern Biology
151
Overview of Plants
Name ______________________________ Class ___________________ Date __________________
SHORT ANSWER Answer the questions in the space provided.
1. Name two adaptations plants have made to life on land, and briefly describe the
advantage of each adaptation. _________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
2. Describe three similarities between modern green algae and plants.
_______________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
3. What structures or stages in the life cycle of a plant are haploid?
_______________________
_________________________________________________________________
4. Critical Thinking In what two ways are the spores of land plants different from
the spores of algae, which you learned about in an earlier chapter?
___________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
STRUCTURES AND FUNCTIONS The diagram below is a phylogenetic
diagram of plants and their algal ancestors. In the spaces provided, name the
important adaptation(s) that evolved at each of the positions indicated on the
phylogenetic diagram.
Original content Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor.
Modern Biology
152
Overview of Plants
Name ______________________________ Class ___________________ Date __________________
SECTION 28-2 REVIEW
NONVASCULAR PLANTS
VOCABULARY REVIEW Define the following terms.
1. bryophyte ________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
2. liverwort _________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
3. hornwort _________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
MULTIPLE CHOICE Write the correct letter in the blank.
_____ 1. Bryophytes have
a. true roots, stems, and leaves.
c. vascular tissue.
b. an alternation-of-generations life cycle. d. seeds.
_____ 2. Bryophytes include all of the following plants except
a. ferns.
b. hornworts.
c. liverworts. d.
mosses.
_____ 3. Mosses are called pioneer plants because they
a. are more closely related to algae than to plants.
b. were the first plants to be cultivated by European settlers in North
America.
c. are often the first species to inhabit a barren area.
d. gradually remove organic and inorganic matter from the surface of
rocks.
_____ 4. Peat bogs
a. decompose rapidly.
b. are composed mainly of algae and ferns.
c. are found mostly in the southern hemisphere.
d. are used as a source of fuel in many countries.
_____ 5. The body forms of liverworts may include all of the following except
a. thin leaflike structures arranged along a stemlike axis.
b. clusters of leaves and flowers at the end of a woody stem.
c. a flat body with distinguishable upper and lower surfaces.
d. an umbrella-shaped structure that holds reproductive cells.
Original content Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor.
Modern Biology
153
Nonvascular Plants
Name ______________________________ Class ___________________ Date __________________
SHORT ANSWER Answer the questions in the space provided.
1. What phase of the bryophyte life cycle is dominant? _______________________
2. Why do bryophytes require a moist environment for sexual reproduction?
___________________
_________________________________________________________________
3. Describe three ways that humans use peat moss.
_________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
4. How are hornworts similar to algae and different from other plants?
______________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
5. Explain how mosses benefit an environmentally disturbed area.
_______________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
6. Critical Thinking In what type of environment would you expect to find
liverworts with a thalloid body form? Explain your answer.
______________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
STRUCTURES AND FUNCTIONS The drawing below illustrates the main
parts of a moss. Identify the phases of the moss life cycle represented by a
and b, and name the structure labeled c.
Original content Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor.
Modern Biology
154
Nonvascular Plants
Name ______________________________ Class ___________________ Date __________________
SECTION 28-3 REVIEW
VASCULAR PLANTS
VOCABULARY REVIEW Distinguish between the terms in each of the
following pairs of terms.
1. fiddlehead, frond ___________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
2. monocot, dicot _____________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
3. parallel venation, net venation ________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
MULTIPLE CHOICE Write the correct letter in the blank.
_____ 1. The mobile sexual reproductive parts of all seedless plants are
a. rhizomes.
b. cones.
c. spores.
d. epiphytes.
_____ 2. One of the adaptive advantages of seeds is that seeds
a. do not remain inactive for long periods of time.
b. can germinate without water.
c. lack a tough outer coat.
d. contain a nutrient supply.
_____ 3. Naked seeds are produced by plants in the phylum
a. Coniferophyta. b. Lycophyta. c. Anthophyta.
d. Pteridophyta.
_____ 4. One of the differences between angiosperms and gymnosperms is that
a. most gymnosperms can reach maturity in a single growing season.
b. angiosperms have a more efficient vascular system.
c. gymnosperms are more likely to be associated with mycorrhizae.
d. angiosperms are less diverse than gymnosperms.
_____ 5. Most monocots
a. bear their seeds in cones.
b. have vascular bundles that are arranged in a circle.
c. do not produce flowers.
d. have parallel venation.
Original content Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor.
Modern Biology
155
Nonvascular Plants
Name ______________________________ Class ___________________ Date __________________
SHORT ANSWER Answer the questions in the space provided.
1. Identify two ways that vascular plants differ from nonvascular plants.
______________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
2. Briefly describe the distinguishing characteristics of gymnosperms in the phyla
Cycadophyta, Ginkgophyta, and Coniferophyta.
___________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
3. How do the reproductive structures of angiosperms differ from those of
gymnosperms?
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
4. Critical Thinking There are many more species of ferns (phylum Pteridoophyta)
than there are species in the other three phyla of seedless vascular plants. Propose
a hypothesis to explain this fact.
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
STRUCTURES AND FUNCTIONS Write the phylum name of the type of
vascular plant represented by each of the drawings. Choose the name from
the list of phylum names below.
Lycophyta
Pteridoophyta
Coniferophyta
Psilophyta
Cycadophyta
Gnetophyta
Sphenophyta
Ginkgophyta
Anthophyta
Original content Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor.
Modern Biology
156
Nonvascular Plants