Download Chapter 47 - Fort Thomas Independent Schools

Chapter 18-21
1. The restriction enzyme, HindIII recognizes the sequence 5’-AAGCTT-3’, cutting between the two
A’s. Draw the double-stranded sequence before and after the enzyme cuts. What type of bonds are
being cleaved by the restriction enzyme?
2. One strand of a DNA molecule has the sequence: 5’-CCTTGACGATCGTTACCG-3’. Draw the other
strand. The restriction enzyme PvuI recognizes the sequence 5’-CGATCG-3’. Will this enzyme cut
this DNA molecule? If so then please indicate where.
3. Describe in detail how to clone a human gene in a bacterial plasmid.
4. Describe in detail how to amplify DNA by using PCR.
5. Describe the role of complementary base pairing during Southern blotting, DNA sequencing, northern
blotting, RT-PCR, and microarray analysis.
6. Describe how some biotechniques can be used to diagnose diseases.
7. Describe how scientists can bioengineer viruses to deliver proper genes to tissues that have mutated
genes.
8. Describe how plants are bioengineered?
9. Describe some of the concerns regarding safety and ethics with bioengineering.
Ok Guys.... the next set of questions 10-13 we will do activities over next week... so look at them if
you don't understand.... you will have to come back to them..... :)
10. The following is a single strand of DNA. Find all potential “6-base cutter” restriction sites that
would exist in the actual double stranded DNA molecule.
5’-TAGAATTCGACGGGATCCGGGGGGCATGCAGATCA-3’
11. A bacterial plasmid is 100 kb in length. The plasmid DNA was digested to completion with two
restriction enzymes in three separate treatments: EcoRI, HaeIII, and EcoRI + HaeIII (double
digest). The fragments were then separated with electrophoresis, as shown.
a.
Using the circle provided, construct a labeled diagram of the restriction map of the plasmid.
Explain how you developed your map.
b. Describe how:
i. Recombinant DNA technology could be used to insert a gene of interest into a
bacterium
c.
ii. Recombinant bacteria could be identified
iii. Expression of the gene of interest could be ensured
Discuss how a specific genetically modified organism might provide a benefit for humans and
at the same time pose a threat to a population or ecosystem.
12. Many human genes contain introns. Since bacteria cannot excise introns from mRNA, explain how
bacteria can be used to make large quantities of a human protein.
13. A pregnant 30-yr-old woman learns her father has Parkinson’s disease. There is no history of the
disease in her husband. A genetic test that can detect the disease is used on her father, husband,
fetus, & on her. Autoradiographic results after Southern blotting are shown below.
Father
___
Husband
___
Woman
___
Fetus
___
___
___
___
___
___
___
___
___
___
___
___
___
Will the woman develop the disease? Explain.
Will the child develop the disease? Explain.
14.
As you learned in mitosis, the parent cell gives rise to two daughter cells that are genetically
identical to the parent cell. Yet you, the product of many mitotic cell divisions are not composed of
identical cells. Why?
15.
During development, the lower cells are synthesizing signaling molecules, where as the upper
cells are expressing receptors for those molecules. In terms of gene regulation, explain how these
cells came to synthesize different molecules.
16.
The DNA sequences called homeoboxes, which help homeotic genes in animals direct
development, are common to flies and mice. Given this similarity, explain why these animals are so
different.