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Virtualization as Architecture GENI CSC/ECE 573, Sections 001, 002 Fall, 2012 Some slides from Harry Mussman, GPO Network Integration Vision of integrated services network – But – requirements are very different – – Integrating networks requires making “greatest of all networks” (ATM) rather than “least of all networks” Raises barrier to entry Separate networks are good – Single network infrastructure which carries traffic for various types of use For banking and videochat and telesurgery, e.g. But frustrating that “solved” problems reappear, old solutions cannot be easily applied Motivation for Virtualization Approach similar to compute virtualization A substrate that provides basic capabilities A method to identify smallest units (“slivers”) of – – – Resources that make up substrate must each be sliverable – Easiest when slivering is along physical lines (NICs, switches) Collection of slivers makes up a virtual network (“slice”) – Bandwidth Switching ??? Similar to a virtual machine Advantage of integrated network without (some of) the drawbacks GENI In late 2000’s, an NSF initiative to create a nationalscale sharable network testbed Allow researchers to experiment with a national “atscale” footprint Allow experimentation with different architectures, fundamentally incompatible Virtualized underlying infrastructure indispensable for such a testbed – – Different experiments would be completely isolated Would use completely different stacks, hops Also the thought: maybe virtualization is the next architecture Global networks are creating extremely important new challenges Science Issues We cannot currently understand or predict the behavior of complex, large-scale networks Innovation Issues Substantial barriers to at-scale experimentation with new architectures, services, and technologies Society Issues Credit: MONET Group at UIUC We increasingly rely on the Internet but are unsure that can trust its security, privacy or resilience Sponsored by the National Science Foundation March 31, 2009 5 GENI Conceptual Design Infrastructure to support at-scale experimentation Virtualized Deeply programmable Programmable & federated, with end-to-end virtualized “slices” Sensor Network Federated International Infrastructure Mobile Wireless Network Sponsored by the National Science Foundation March 31, 2009 Edge Site Heterogeneous, and evolving over time via spiral development 6 Federation GENI grows by “gluing together” heterogeneous infrastructure My experiment runs across the evolving GENI federation. Wireless #1 Corporate GENI suites Backbone #1 Compute Cluster #1 Compute Cluster #2 My GENI Slice Access #1 Backbone #2 NSF parts of GENI Other-Nation Projects Other-Nation Projects This approach looks remarkably familiar . . . Wireless #2 Goals: avoid technology “lock in,” add new technologies as they mature, and potentially grow quickly by incorporating existing infrastructure into the overall “GENI ecosystem” Sponsored by the National Science Foundation March 31, 2009 7 GENI System Decomposition (simplified) Engineering analysis drives Spiral 1 integration GENI Admin and Ops Org GENI Clearinghouse < Register < Admin and Account Trust < Slice Create Principal Registry < Register Slice Registry EU Clearinghouse (federated network example) (Aggr) Comp Registry EU Admin and Ops Org < Admin =< Ticket Broker < Authen < Operator < Ops and Mgmt Ticket Log =< View Help Desk =< View =< View Trust Research Org A < Slice Admin = PI = Research = Researcher Helper Tools GENI Programmable Host Cluster A GENI Programmable Ntwk Routing (Switch) Node B GENI Metro (Sensor) Wireless Ntwk C GENI Enterprise (Resident) Access Ntwk D GENI Regional (National) Optical Ntwk E < Com Admin < Com Admin < Com Admin < Com Admin < Com Admin Comp Operator Comp Operator Comp Operator Comp Operator =< Component Mgr =< Component Mgr =< Component Mgr =< Component Mgr < Ops Portal < Ops Portal < Ops Portal < Ops Portal < Ops Portal Host Ax Node B Ntwk C Ntwk D Ntwk E PoP Research Org B Comp Operator =< Component Mgr Host A1 EU Comp AA PoP Experiment Plane Measurement Plane = Control Plane < Ops and Mgmt Plane Sponsored by the National Science Foundation March 31, 2009 8 Resource discovery Aggregates publish resources, schedules, etc., via clearinghouses What resources can I use? GENI Clearinghouse These Researcher Components Components Components Aggregate A Aggregate B Aggregate C Computer Cluster Backbone Net Metro Wireless Sponsored by the National Science Foundation March 31, 2009 9 Slice creation Clearinghouse checks credentials & enforces policy Aggregates allocate resources & create topologies Create my slice GENI Clearinghouse Components Components Components Aggregate A Aggregate B Aggregate C Computer Cluster Backbone Net Metro Wireless Sponsored by the National Science Foundation March 31, 2009 10 Experimentation Researcher loads software, debugs, collects measurements Experiment – Install my software, debug, collect data, retry, etc. GENI Clearinghouse Components Components Components Aggregate A Aggregate B Aggregate C Computer Cluster Backbone Net Metro Wireless Sponsored by the National Science Foundation March 31, 2009 11 Slice growth & revision Allows successful, long-running experiments to grow larger Make my slice bigger ! GENI Clearinghouse Components Components Components Aggregate A Aggregate B Aggregate C Computer Cluster Backbone Net Metro Wireless Sponsored by the National Science Foundation March 31, 2009 12 Federation of Clearinghouses Growth path to international, semi-private, and commercial GENIs Make my slice even bigger ! GENI Clearinghouse Federated Clearinghouse Components Components Components Components Aggregate A Aggregate B Aggregate C Aggregate D Computer Cluster Backbone Net Metro Wireless Non-NSF Resources Sponsored by the National Science Foundation March 31, 2009 13 Operations & Management Always present in background for usual reasons Will need an ‘emergency shutdown’ mechanism Stop the experiment immediately ! GENI Clearinghouse Oops Federated Clearinghouse Components Components Components Components Aggregate A Aggregate B Aggregate C Aggregate D Computer Cluster Backbone Net Metro Wireless Non-NSF Resources Sponsored by the National Science Foundation March 31, 2009 14 Spiral 1 integration and trial operations Five competing control frameworks, wide variety of substrates Reference Design Cluster A Cluster B Components Components Components Aggregate A Aggregate B Aggregate C Computer Cluster Backbone Net Metro Wireless Components Components Components Aggregate A1 Aggregate A2 Aggregate A3 Computer Cluster Optical Network Metro Wireless Components Cluster C Components Components Cluster D Components Cluster E Components Aggregate C1 Aggregate C2 Aggregate D1 Aggregate D2 Computer Cluster Programmable Switches Optical Network Sensor Network Sponsored by the National Science Foundation Components Components Components Aggregate B1 Aggregate B2 Optical Network Sensor Network Components Components Aggregate E1 Aggregate E2 Aggregate E3 Aggregate E4 Computer Cluster Optical Network Sensor Network Programmable Switches March 31, 2009 15 World-class expertise in GENI Partners Internet2 and National Lambda Rail Internet2 10 Gbps dedicated bandwidth National Lambda Rail Up to 30 Gbps nondedicated bandwidth 40 Gbps capacity for GENI prototyping on two national footprints to provide Layer 2 Ethernet VLANs as slices (IP or non-IP) Sponsored by the National Science Foundation March 31, 2009 16 Summary GENI has completed Spirals 1 and 2, and is starting Spiral 3 Original thinking and positioning has been questioned and revisited GENI research council has been set up Architectural vision also evolved – common Aggregate Manager API Overall broad goal remains to enable isolated experiments deep into the network stack Future Internet architectural insights and/or partial realizations might emerge