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IP TELEPHONY: Challenges and Prospects TOGO TELECOM Abossé AKUE-KPAKPO Telecommunication Manager Chief, Internet and Business Services Division Tel. : (228) 21 68 54 / 04 01 81 Fax. : (228) 21 88 36 E-mail : [email protected] 19/04/2001 Abossé AKUE-KPAKPO TOGO TELECOM 1 IP TELEPHONY: Challenges and Prospects CONTENTS I – INTRODUCTION TO IP TELEPHONY II – TECHNICAL ASPECTS III – CHALLENGES AND PROSPECTS IV - CONCLUSION 19/04/2001 Abossé AKUE-KPAKPO TOGO TELECOM 2 IP TELEPHONY: Challenges and Prospects CONTENTS I – INTRODUCTION TO IP TELEPHONY • Preliminary remarks • Definition(s) II – TECHNICAL ASPECTS • Characteristics of the two networks • Types of communication • Developments 19/04/2001 Abossé AKUE-KPAKPO TOGO TELECOM 3 IP TELEPHONY: Challenges and Prospects PRELIMINARY REMARKS The advent of IP telephony is perceived as a fundamental change in telecommunications of the same magnitude as the replacement of the telegraph by the telephone. 19/04/2001 Abossé AKUE-KPAKPO TOGO TELECOM 4 IP TELEPHONY: Challenges and Prospects PRELIMINARY REMARKS IP telephony is founded on the Internet network using the IP protocol. Conventional telephony is founded on the public switched telephone network (PSTN). 19/04/2001 Abossé AKUE-KPAKPO TOGO TELECOM 5 IP TELEPHONY: Challenges and Prospects Definition In general terms, IP telephony means voice transmission over the public Internet network. 19/04/2001 Abossé AKUE-KPAKPO TOGO TELECOM 6 IP TELEPHONY: Challenges and Prospects Definition It is also referred to as voice over IP (VoIP). This service means more or less the same thing, except that in some cases it is not the public Internet network which is used. 19/04/2001 Abossé AKUE-KPAKPO TOGO TELECOM 7 IP TELEPHONY: Challenges and Prospects CHARACTERISTICS OF THE TWO NETWORKS PSTN IP Highly reliable Relatively reliable High voice transmission quality Acceptable transmission quality Real time or synchronous Deferred time or asynchronous Simultaneous conversation between two points on Earth 19/04/2001 Connectionless Abossé AKUE-KPAKPO TOGO TELECOM 8 IP TELEPHONY: Challenges and Prospects Types of communication Three main types: PC to PC PC to telephone Telephone to telephone 19/04/2001 Abossé AKUE-KPAKPO TOGO TELECOM 9 IP TELEPHONY: Challenges and Prospects 19/04/2001 Abossé AKUE-KPAKPO TOGO TELECOM 10 IP TELEPHONY: Challenges and Prospects Gateway Public Switch 19/04/2001 Abossé AKUE-KPAKPO TOGO TELECOM 11 IP TELEPHONY: Challenges and Prospects Gateway Gateway Public Switch 19/04/2001 Abossé AKUE-KPAKPO TOGO TELECOM 12 IP TELEPHONY: Challenges and Prospects Development 1994 : First trials of type PC to PC 1996 : Trials of type PC to telephone 1997 : Significant progress Emergence of telephone to telephone 1998 : Integration of voice on the web Emergence of free call centres 19/04/2001 Abossé AKUE-KPAKPO TOGO TELECOM 13 IP TELEPHONY: Challenges and Prospects Growth Booming market Estimate international VoIP traffic 1998 : 200 million mins. 1999 : 1 750 million mins. 2000 : 3 700 million mins. 2001 : 6 200 million mins. 19/04/2001 Abossé AKUE-KPAKPO TOGO TELECOM 14 IP TELEPHONY: Challenges and Prospects Some forecasts IDC : 1999 : 2.7 billion mins. 2004 : 135 billion mins. Deltathree.com : 2000 : 16 billion mins. 2005 : 35% of all international traffic 19/04/2001 Abossé AKUE-KPAKPO TOGO TELECOM 15 IP TELEPHONY: Challenges and Prospects III – CHALLENGES AND PROSPECTS 19/04/2001 Abossé AKUE-KPAKPO TOGO TELECOM 16 IP TELEPHONY: Challenges and Prospects Challenges 4Large amounts of money at stake 4Many new entrants 4Challenges for incumbent operators in Africa? 19/04/2001 Abossé AKUE-KPAKPO TOGO TELECOM 17 IP TELEPHONY: Challenges and Prospects Challenges 4Business opportunities 4Fear of a fall in turnover 19/04/2001 Abossé AKUE-KPAKPO TOGO TELECOM 18 IP TELEPHONY: Challenges and Prospects Business opportunities 1– Internet creates new demand for specialized links. 2 – IP telephony generates national traffic to the Internet network. 3 – Other income from the Internet (e-commerce, website development and hosting, other services). 19/04/2001 Abossé AKUE-KPAKPO TOGO TELECOM 19 IP TELEPHONY: Challenges and Prospects Evolution in dem and for SL 45 40 35 30 25 Num ber of SL 20 15 10 5 0 1998 1999 2000 2001 Years Annual demand 19/04/2001 Cumulative demand Abossé AKUE-KPAKPO TOGO TELECOM 20 IP TELEPHONY: Challenges and Prospects Business opportunities 8 00000 7 00000 6 00000 5 00000 USD 4 00000 3 00000 Se rie s 1 2 00000 1 00000 0 1999 1999 1999 1999 Ye a r Se rie s 1 19/04/2001 Abossé AKUE-KPAKPO TOGO TELECOM 21 IP TELEPHONY: Challenges and Prospects Fall in turnover 4Revenues from international traffic 4Revenues from settlement of accounts for international traffic 19/04/2001 Abossé AKUE-KPAKPO TOGO TELECOM 22 IP TELEPHONY: Challenges and Prospects Fall in turnover 4Rates 30 to 50% lower 4Potential fall in turnover for international traffic 4Examples 19/04/2001 Abossé AKUE-KPAKPO TOGO TELECOM 23 IP TELEPHONY: Challenges and Prospects Fall in turnover 4KPN states that 21% of its traffic is generated by the Internet. 4Deutsche Telecom states that, in 1998, calls to the Internet increased by 86% to 7.7 billion minutes of traffic, i.e. 164% of all its outgoing international traffic. 19/04/2001 Abossé AKUE-KPAKPO TOGO TELECOM 24 IP TELEPHONY: Challenges and Prospects Fall in turnover 4IP telephony provides a means of bypassing switched networks. 4IP telephony is not regulated. 4Possible drain on foreign currency. 19/04/2001 Abossé AKUE-KPAKPO TOGO TELECOM 25 IP TELEPHONY: Challenges and Prospects Fall in turnover 4Given that international traffic accounts for 30 to 40% of total turnover, and 4that account settlements may represent up to 30% of turnover, then 4there are problems ahead for incumbent operators in our developing countries. 19/04/2001 Abossé AKUE-KPAKPO TOGO TELECOM 26 IP TELEPHONY: Challenges and Prospects Prospects Will depend on: 4quality of IP telephony 4tariffs for international calls 4cost of switched networks 4legislation 19/04/2001 Abossé AKUE-KPAKPO TOGO TELECOM 27 IP TELEPHONY: Challenges and Prospects Prospects 4If the quality of IP telephony improves, it will become a must, obliging us to think in terms of progressively migrating from switched networks to IP networks. 4If tariffs for international calls are significantly reduced, then IP telephony may remain marginal. 19/04/2001 Abossé AKUE-KPAKPO TOGO TELECOM 28 IP TELEPHONY: Challenges and Prospects Prospects 4If the cost of our switched networks is reduced, then competition from IP telephony will be less acute. 4Finally, the future will also depend on the legislation introduced. 19/04/2001 Abossé AKUE-KPAKPO TOGO TELECOM 29 IP TELEPHONY: Challenges and Prospects Conclusion 4Incumbent operators face severe competition in an area accounting for a large proportion of their turnover. 4Possible solutions: Tariff rebalancing Increasing teledensity to bring down the costs of the switched network 19/04/2001 Abossé AKUE-KPAKPO TOGO TELECOM 30 IP TELEPHONY: Challenges and Prospects Conclusion Establishment of appropriate legislation that takes into consideration the cost of each network Monitoring of the network to avoid bypassing 19/04/2001 Abossé AKUE-KPAKPO TOGO TELECOM 31 IP TELEPHONY: Challenges and Prospects Bibliography 1 - ITU Internet reports: IP telephony International Telecommunication Union 2001 2 – Challenges to the network: Internet for development International Telecommunication Union 2001 3 – ITU News 19/04/2001 Abossé AKUE-KPAKPO TOGO TELECOM 32 IP TELEPHONY: Challenges and Prospects Bibliography Websites 1 – http:\\itu.int\wtpf 2 – http:\\itu.int\itu.docr\gs\council\c00\docs\78.pdf 19/04/2001 Abossé AKUE-KPAKPO TOGO TELECOM 33