Download July 21, 1861

Objective: To examine the role of the navy and the battles of Bull Run
and Antietam.
Battle of Bull Run - Animation
· 1st Union attack on the Confederacy in July of 1861.
· The Confederates, led by
Gen. Thomas “Stonewall”
Jackson, won the battle.
* This battle showed each
side that they needed
training.
* It also showed that the
war would be long and
bloody.
July 21, 1861 - Ruins of the Stone Bridge over which
Northern forces retreated until it was blown up by a Rebel
shell adding to the panic of the retreat, with the Federals
returning to Washington as "a rain-soaked mob."
Naval Action
· The Union blockade on Southern ports hurt the South.
· Therefore, the South created an ironclad ship called the
Merrimack to attack the Union navy.
• In response, the North created an ironclad ship called the
Monitor.
* Ironclad
ships
changed
naval
warfare
forever!
The U.S.S. Monitor was the first Union iron-clad ship. This
picture shows the deck and the turret of the U.S.S. Monitor.
USS Monitor in action with CSS Virginia, 9 March 1862
The Hunley – The world’s first submarine, designed and
used in the Civil War by the Confederacy.
Illustration of the H.L. Hunley submarine with its bowmounted spar torpedo.
Friends of the Hunley
H. L. Hunley, suspended from a crane during its recovery
from Charleston Harbor, August 8, 2000.
Antietam
· The Confederate General
Robert E. Lee decided to
attack the Union in
Maryland, on Union soil,
in September of 1862.
· Over 23,000 Union and
Confederate troops were
killed or wounded.
Dead Confederate soldiers after the Battle of Antietam (from
Starke's Louisiana Brigade)
Lincoln with McClellan and staff after the Battle of
Antietam. Notable figures (from left) are 6. McClellan;
10. Lincoln; 16. Capt. George Armstrong Custer.
President Lincoln and Gen. George B. McClellan in the
general's tent near the Antietam battlefield, October 3, 1862.