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Reconstruction
Chapter 4.3
Notes #7
After the war,
Most southern whites still disliked the
union and African Americans
Where as Southern blacks believed
they had gained equal rights
“Let a great earthquake swallow us up
first! Let us leave our land and emigrate to
any desert spot of the earth, rather than
return to the Union.”- White Southern Woman
The Old South Destroyed
The war left cities in the south in ruins
“A wilderness of crumbling walls, naked chimneys,
And trees killed by flames.”
Disease had also spread through the
area causing thousands of deaths
The war had also shattered the south’s
economy
• Farmland had been ruined
• Most confederate soldiers were left
w/ out a job
• 4 million emancipated slaves were
homeless
Emancipation Proclamation
• Lincoln declares an end to slavery.
• Emancipation Proclamation Video
•Most of these freedman had hoped to
be able to live their own lives
Buy land, legalize their marriage,
build churches and schools, be free
•General Sherman had ordered part
of S.Carolina to be divided into 40
acre parcels and given to freedmen
Pair Share
• What was the state of the south after the
Civil War?
President Lincoln and Reconstruction
•Goal was to preserve
the Union
•Even before the war’s end
he had been planning for
reconstruction
-Rebuild the former conf.
states & reunite the
Union
• granted amnesty to
rebels
Pair Share
• What was Lincoln’s plan for
Reconstruction?
Lincoln’s assassination
•Lincoln’s goals of reconstruction were never
achieved
•April 14, 1865- shot by John Wilkes Booth
-Confederate sympathizer
•The assassination of Lincoln increased the
distrust between the North and the South
John
Wilkes
Booth
http://en.wikiped
ia.org/wiki/Curse
_of_Tippecanoe
Pair Share
• How do you think Lincoln’s assassination
effected the course of history in the United
States?
President Johnson and Reconstruction
•Lincoln’s V.P.
A democrat, from a poor family, Tennessee
•Favored a gov. controlled by white citizens
•Johnson’s plan was for all southern states
nullify their acts of secession, & abolish
slavery
•Southerners supported Johnson’s plan
because it allowed southerners to take
charge of reconstruction
Confederate soldiers were now dominating
state legislatures
These new lawmakers made sure that
new state constitutions did not grant
Voting rights to freemen
When lawmakers complained of African
American soldiers in the south, Johnson
had the troops removed
President Johnson’s actions encouraged
former confederates to adopt laws limiting
freedom of African Americans
Black Codes
Prevent African Americans from achieving
social, political, and economic equality
Could not hold meeting w/out a white
present
Could not own a gun, attend schools
w/ whites, or sit on a jury
“Without slaves to do the work, our fields
lie untilled.”
•To get freedmen back in the field, some
codes made it illegal for freedpeople to
live in a town without being a servant
•They had to obtain a special license
to be able to work in a skilled profession
The codes also allowed Judges to determine
whether African Americans could support
their children
If not, the children were hired out
•African Americans soon realized that the
emancipation had not improved their lives
“If you call this freedom, what do you call
slavery?”
Although African Americans believed
these laws were a disgrace to civilization
there was nothing they could do
No political power
Had to accept the laws in order to survive
Northerners saw this as an attempt to reestablish slavery
Pair Share
• What were the Black Codes and what did
they attempt to do?
Sharecropping
Under this system, a farmer worked a parcel
of land in return for a share of the crop, a
house, seed, tools, or a horse.
Enabled planters to get their land worked
even when they had no money
Gave laborers a place to live and land to work
without strict supervision
Most poor white and all African Americans
worked as sharecropper
14th Amendment
Required states to grant citizenship to
all persons born or naturalized in the
United States
Election of 1868
Ulysses S Grant (republican)
15th Amendment
Protected voting rights of African
American males
Pair Share
• What did the 14th and 15th amendment do
and why were the necessary?
Scalawags
White Southerners who wanted
reconstruction of the south
Carpetbagger
White Northerners who went to the
south to help w/ reconstruction
th
13 ,
th
14
,&
th
15
Amendments
1. Be able to define each Amendment.
Essential Question
2. How were rights gained by African
Americans under the 13th, 14th, & 15th
Amendments limited by society after
Reconstruction?