Download Jan. 2004 Regents Exam

55) Explain why most ecologist
would agree with the statement “ A
forest ecosystem is more stable than
a cornfield.”
• Because a forest has more biodiversity
56) Describe how structure 1 and 2
interact in the process of protein
synthesis.
• Structure 2 is the
nucleus where DNA is
located. DNA’s code is
brought to the
ribosome structure #1
by mRNA. At the
Ribosome mRNA is
read and proteins are
made.
2
1
4
3
Structure 3
• The Mitochondria is
the power house of the
cell it makes the ATP
necessary in order for
protein synthesis to
take place.
3
Structure 4
• The Cell Membrane
controls what goes in
and out of the cell. It
provides a safe
environment for
protein synthesis to
occur.
4
59) Explain why cell A is a non
target cell for the hormone illustrated
in the diagram.
• Cell A is a non target cell because it
receptors are the wrong shape and can not
interact with the hormone.
61) Describe the action represented by
the arrow labeled X in the diagram and
state one reason that this action is
important.
• Action: Shows control of the anterior
pituitary
• Importance: The pituitary controls the
thyroid.
62) Identify one hormone involved
in another biological relationship
and an organ that is directly affected
by the hormone you identified?
• Adrenal is released by the adrenal glands
which will affect how fast the heart beats.
63) Plants respond to their environment in many
different ways. Design a controlled experiment to
test the effect of one environmental factor, on some
aspect of plant growth.
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In your experiment be sure to
State a hypothesis
List the steps of the procedure
Identify the control setup for the experiment
Include data table
Identify the independent variable
Hypothesis
• Educated guess
• Must contain if, then and because
63- Hypothesis
• If I give a plant light then it will grow
because light will affect the growth of a
plant.
Procedure
• What steps you take in conducting the
experiment.
Procedure
• Obtain plants of the same species and
height.
• Place equal numbers of plants in light and
in the dark. Maintain all other growing
conditions. Temperature, soil, pot size,
amount of water.
• Collect growth of each plant in each group
and record the results in a data table.
Control
• The control setup should be some standard
that the experiment can be compared to.
63- Control
• The control setup is the group of plants
grown in the dark.
Independent variable
• This is the part of the experiment that
changed by the experimenter.
• Part you control
63- Independent Variable
• Exposure to light
Dependent Variable
• The part of an experiment that changes as a
result of the independent variable.
• Part you can measure
• Amount of plant growth
64) Compare asexual reproduction to sexual
reproduction. In your comparison be sure to include:
• Which type of reproduction results in offspring that are
usually genetically identical to the previous generation and
explain why this occurs
• Asexual reproduction results in offspring that are usually
genetically identical to the previous generation because
offspring receive all their genetic information from one
parent.
• One other way these methods of reproduction differ.
• In sexual reproduction cell divide by meiosis and asexual
reproduction divides by mitosis.
65)
• One likely change in the population of each of two
different species other than the zebra mussels
found in the Hudson
• Phytoplankton population will likely decrease
• Freshwater clam population will likely decrease
• Any organism that eats the phytoplankton pop or
clam pop will likely decrease.
65
• Identify one gas in the ecosystem and state
how a change in its concentration due to the
effects of the mussels would affect
organisms other than the zebra mussels
• The oxygen concentration will likely
decrease, resulting in a decrease in fish or
clam populations.
65
• State how the death of may of the native
organisms could affect the rate of decay and
how this would affect the amount of
material being recycled
• The rate of decay would increase
• The amount of material being recycled
would increase.
65
• Explain why the size of the zebra mussel
population would decrease after an initial
increase
• The zebra mussel population would increase
for a time then decrease because of the lack
of food or oxygen
66
• Biodiversity would decrease when plants are
removed and habitats destroyed
• Some producers could increase in number because
more light becomes available along the side of the
road.
• Herbivores would increase in number as a direct
result of an increase in producer population.
• One possible action the road builders could take is
to provide pathways for animals to cross the road
• Limit the size of the road.