Download 2.) What are the diagnostic procedures that could help you in your

2.) What are the diagnostic
procedures that could help you in
your management?
History and PE
• thorough history
• careful physical examination must be
performed
• entire body habitus is checked for
abnormalities that may point out systemic
illnesses
Ocular Examination
• Visual acuity for both near and far
distances (Snellen’s Chart)
• Glare- brightly lit room
Swinging Flashlight Test
• detects for a Marcus Gunn pupil or a
relative afferent pupillary defect (RAPD)
• indicative of optic nerve lesions or diffuse
macular involvement.
• RAPD + Cataract= very guarded visual
prognosis after cataract extraction
Ocular Motility
• long-standing ptosis since childhood may
have occlusion amblyopia
– decreased visual acuity rather than the
cataract
• Checking all directions- to rule out any
other causes for the patient's visual
symptoms
Slit Lamp Examination
• should not only concentrate on evaluating
the lens opacity but the other ocular
structures as well (eg, conjunctiva, cornea,
iris, anterior chamber)
• Corneal thickness and the presence of
corneal opacities
• lens noted meticulously before and after
pupillary dilation
• Nuclear size and Brunescence as
indicators of cataract density can be
determined prior to phacoemulsification
surgery.
• lens position and integrity of the zonular
fibers also should be checked
– lens subluxation may indicate previous eye
trauma, metabolic disorders, or hypermature
cataracts.
– Dilated fundus examination is recommended
as part of the ocular examination for both
unilateral cataract cases and bilateral cataract
cases.